AAAS Annual Meeting 2003 - NEWSROOM INFORMATION FOR REPORTERS

MULTIMEDIA LIBRARY

The following is a list of multi-media materials submitted by AAAS Annual Meeting speakers. Their presentation materials, images, powerpoint presentations or videos to AAAS are downloadable here for dissemination to the press. Please note appropriate credit and caption lines.

* = Indicates speaker or speaker's session is part of a Newsbriefing

† = Indicates speaker or speaker's session is part of a News Release

Thursday, February 13, 2003

9:00 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.

Seminar

2003 Nanotechnology Seminar: Big Things in Little Packages†

Viral Motors

Peixuan Guo

Purdue University

ABC Charts: Copyright AAAS. (JPEG, 4 MB)

Drawings: Copyright AAAS.

Monomer: Permission of Elsevier Science

Manipulating Electrons One By One: Fundamental Standards and Novel Measurements

James Ellenbogen

MITRE Corporation

Millirobot: Design for fly-sized millimeter-scale robot which is being fabricated by the MITRE Corporation's Nanosystems Group. This six-legged, insect-like waling robot will be controlled by a network of seven tiny on-board nanocomputers, each of which will be smaller than a grain of salt. Copyright MITRE and AAAS.

Prototype Millirobot Parts: Portion of microchip of prototype components for MITRE millirobot, which include motors and legs. Scale bar is 400 micrometers long (i.e., less than half a millimeter). Copyright MITRE and AAAS.

11:00 a.m.

A Global "Catastrophe" -- Coal Fires Threaten Environment, Human Health

Audio: Burning Coal Beds. Courtesy of Science Update.

Friday, February 14, 2003

8:30 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.

Brain and Behavior

How and Why Brain Cells Boogie: Motility in Neural Development†

Speaker

Actin and Microtubules in Growth Cones: It Takes Two to Tango

Paul Forscher

Yale University

Artificial Target Video: Courtesy of Paul Forscher

Protein Video: Courtesy of Paul Forscher

Microtubule Video: Courtesy of Paul Forscher

Natural Target Video: Courtesy of Paul Forscher

Cytoskeletal Growth: Courtesy of Paul Forscher

8:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.

Changing Views of Schizophrenia

New Developments in Psychological Therapy--Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Schizophrenia

Philippa Garety

St. Thomas Hospital

Garety Consulting: Dr. Garety in a therapy session. Courtesy of Philippa Anne Garety

PPT Psychosis Models: Courtesy of Dr. Garety

The Prevention of Schizophrenia: Feasible or Not?

Richard Warner

Mental Health Center of Boulder County

Canadian Brochure: Materials developed for the Boulder, CO initiative of the WPA global programme to fight the stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia. Courtesy of Dr. Richard Warner and c/change inc.

Teen Poster: Materials developed for the Boulder, CO initiative of the WPA global programme to fight the stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia. Courtesy of Dr. Richard Warner and c/change inc.

Prize Winners: Materials developed for the Boulder, CO initiative of the WPA global programme to fight the stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia. Courtesy of Dr. Richard Warner and c/change inc.

Journalists Brochure: Materials developed for the Boulder, CO initiative of the WPA global programme to fight the stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia. Courtesy of Dr. Richard Warner and c/change inc.

Clergy Brochure: Materials developed for the Boulder, CO initiative of the WPA global programme to fight the stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia. Courtesy of Dr. Richard Warner and c/change inc.

Change Your Thinking: Materials developed for the Boulder, CO initiative of the WPA global programme to fight the stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia. Courtesy of Dr. Richard Warner and c/change inc.

Violence: Materials developed for the Boulder, CO initiative of the WPA global programme to fight the stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia. Courtesy of Dr. Richard Warner and c/change inc.

Environmental and Biological Diversity

Coal Fires Burning Around the World: A Global Catastrophe*

Locating and Extinguishing Subsurface Coal Fires

Ed Heffern

U.S. Bureau of Land Management

Ash Closeup: Closeup of dark clinker overlying siltstone bedrock that has been fractured and bleached by heating. Courtesy of Ed Heffern, BLM

Melted Rock: Closeup of angular fragments from collapse of rock overlying a burning coal bed. Fragments were partly melted and are welded together by a dark lava-like melted rock. Courtesy of Ed Heffern, BLM

Coal Bed: Block diagram showing a coal bed that has burned in beneath a hill and the clinker escarpment produced. Courtesy of Ed Heffern, BLM

Clinker Layer: Top of an escarpment capped by a clinker layer 80 feet thick. The clinker overlies much more erodible rock that forms the slope below and the low plain in the distance. Courtesy of Ed Heffern, BLM

Rochelle Hills: Clinker escarpment in the Rochelle Hills in eastern Wyoming. The erosion-resistant clinker forms all the flat tops of plateaus and ridges. Courtesy of Ed Heffern, BLM

Prevention, Control, and/or Extinguishment of Coal Seam Fires

Gary Colaizzi

Goodson & Associates, Inc.

Equipment: Coal Fire- Grouting equipment. Courtesy of Goodson and Associates

Mountain on Fire: Coal Fire- Grouting equipment. Courtesy of Goodson and Associates

Subsidence Hole: Coal Fire - Subsidence hole Courtesy of Goodson and Associates

PPT Pres. Fire Safety: Prevention, Control and/or Extinguishment of Coal Fires Using Cellular Grout. Courtesy of Goodson and Associates

Coal Fire Condensates: Collection Procedure, P-T Stability Diagrams, Environmental Poluution

Glenn B. Stracher

East Georgia College

Burned Forest: Coal fire in LaPlata County, Colorado (Glenn B. Stracher). Subsurface burning is responsible for subsidence. Methane gas has killed vegetation. Gray areas in the photo consist of gas vents and fissures filled with grout. Subsequent cracks in the grout are emitting gas. Glenn B. Stracher is kneeling next to a stainless steel thermocouple that registered over 1400 F. Nickel sulfide compounds that condensed on the thermocouple are currently under investigation. Courtesy of Glenn B. Stracher

Coal Fire: Coal fire in LaPlata County, Colorado (Glenn B. Stracher). Cracks developed in a vent and fissure system filled with grout. Sulfur condensed within a day from gas emitted from the cracks. Relatively fast reaction kinetics has been observed in Indonesia as well. This fire is not giving up! Courtesy of Glenn B. Stracher

Mine Fire: Centralia mine fire, Pennsylvania (Glenn B. Stracher). Subsurface combustion of anthracite is responsible for the emission of gas from surficial vents. In this photo, Glenn B. Stracher is examining one such vent. No condensates were found, but sphagnum moss was abundant around the vent, suggesting a relatively high carbon dioxide component to the gas. Courtesy of Glenn B. Stracher

Palarin Fire: Gypsum and orthorhombic sulfer-8 (green) are the condensation products of coal gas derived from the subsurface combustion of the Kampung Baru Formation (Middle Miocene).

Genebanks: Preserving Genetic Diversity for Earth's Future†

The Role of Intracellular Viscosity in Stabilizing Cell Structures and Metabolism

Olivier Leprince

Institut National d'Horticulture

Waterloss Graph: The removal of water in plant seeds leads to changes in intracellular viscosity. Throughout the removal of the water (the bottom axis is read from right to left), three viscosity zones can be distinguished. The viscous zone corresponds to the range of moisture contents in which seeds that are not able to survive drying die. Their metabolism is affected by the restricted flow within the cells. In contrast, organisms that are able to survive drying, withstand the further water removal which results in a dramatic increase in intracellular viscosity. In glass zone, the viscosity is so high that the structure resembles a solid (so-called glass). The motion of molecules and chemical reactions within the seeds are severely slowed down and this enable them survive in the dry state for decades to even centuries. Courtesy of O. Leprince and J. Buitink.

Looking Beyond Earth

The Asteroid/Comet Impact Hazard: A Decade of Growing Awareness*

Responding to Panic in a Global Impact Catastrophe

Lee Clarke*

Rutgers University

Head Shot: Courtesy of Lee Clarke

Science and Society

Listening to the Earth: Infrasound in Science and Nuclear Nonproliferation*†

Geophysical Applications of Infrasound

Alfred J. Bedard Jr. *

NOAA/Environmental Technology Laboratory

Array-Hay: Photograph of a spatial filter for reducing wind-induced pressure fluctuations in the infrasonic frequency range. Courtesy of NOAA, ETL/ Alfred J. Bedard Jr.

Black and White Graph: Plot of azimuth of arrival of the infrasound as a function of time for a six-hour period starting at 0336 UTC. The arrows indicate the times of tornado observations with the tips of the arrows identifying the expected azimuth of arrival. Courtesy of NOAA, ETL/ Alfred J. Bedard Jr.

Case Study Warning Times: Summary of case study potential warning times. Courtesy of NOAA,ETL/Alfred J. Bedard Jr

Doppler Radar:Doppler radar images of radial velocity and reflectivity at 0103:36 UTC, showing the evolving tornado (with the permission of J.Wurman).Courtesy of NOAA, ETL/Alfred J. Bedard Jr.

PPT Observatory Site Data: Diagram illustrating how data for an infrasonic observatory is processed. Courtesy of NOAA, ETL/Alfred J. Bedard Jr

Tornado: Photo of the tornado taken by police officer David Osborne and reproduced here with his permission. Courtesy of NOAA, ETL/Alfred J. Bedard Jr

Vortex Sound Generation: Conceptual view of vortex sound generation mechanisms.Courtesy of NOAA, ETL/ Alfred J. Bedard Jr

PPT Tornado 3D Sketch: Courtesy of NOAA, ETL/Alfred J. Bedard

Bolide False Alarm Rate for the Global Infrasound Monitoring System

Douglas O. Revelle*

Los Alamos National Laboratory

Pressure Graph: Courtesy of Douglas Revelle

Waves Chart: Illustration of the complexity of the propagation of infrasonic waves from the Moravka bolide of May 6, 2000 over the Czech Republic. Courtesy of Douglas O. Revelle.

Monitoring Volcanic Eruptions with Infrasound

Milton Garces

University of Hawaii

PPT Presentation Volcanos: Infrasound Laboratory. Courtesy of Milton A. Garces.

10:30 a.m. - 12:00 noon

Brain and Behavior

From Gene to Speech†

A Novel Forkhead-Domain Gene Is Mutated in a Severe Speech and Language Disorder

Simon Fisher

Oxford University

Protein Diagram:Schematic diagram of the structure of the "forkhead box" motif of the FOXP2 protein. Half of the members of the KE family have a mutation in this motif which leads to several deficits in speech and language. Courtesy of Dr. Simon E Fisher.

Molecular Evolution of FOXP2

Wolfgang Enard

Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology

Evolution Picture Chart: Courtesy of Enard Wolfgang

Beyond the Human Genome

Toxicogenomics: At the Interface Between the Environment and the Genome*†

Use of Proteomics for Clinical Applications

Emanuel Petricoin*

Food and Drug Administration

Video: Breast Cancer Research. Courtesy of Emanuel Petricoin

1:30 p.m. - 2:15 p.m.

Topical Lecture: Rudolph Tanzi

Alzheimer's Disease: Genes, Pathways, and Therapies*

Rudolph E. Tanzi*

Massachusetts General Hospital

PPT Presentation Amyloid: Courtesy of Rudolph Tanzi

2:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m.

Challenging and Changing Nature

Tracking Overshoot: Humanity's Ecological Footprint on the Earth

Tracking Sustainability with Ecological Footprint Accounts

Mathis Wackernagel

Redefining Progress

Ecological Footprint and Earth 1: Courtesy of Redefining Progress, Oakland, CA

Environmental and Biological Diversity

The Changing View of Human Biodiversity*

Allelochemicals and Phytochemicals and the Evolution of Human Diets

Timothy Johns*

McGill University

Oxidation Chart: Courtesy of Timothy Johns

Tree Gum Collection: Gums of the geun Commiphong that are widely chewed by the Maasai of East Africa contain phytochemicals that potentially mediate the high fat content of their diet. Courtesy of Timothy Johns

Why Can Humans Taste Bitter Substances and Why Is There Taste Sensitivity Variation

Linda M. Bartoshuk*

Yale University

Nontaster: Nontaster. Courtesy of Linda Bartoshuk

Supertaster:Supertaster.Courtesy of Linda Bartoshuk.

PPT NT ST Sketch: Courtesy of Linda Bartoshuk

2:30 p.m. - 5:30 p.m.

By the Numbers

Opening the Mind with Mathematics

Mathematics of How We See Images

Jack Cowan

University of Chicago

Forest Fire Simulation: Simulation of a critical forest fire. Courtesy of Jack D. Cowan

Network Neurons: Activity in a network of neurons with lateral inhibition. Courtesy of Jack D. Cowan

Spiral Wave Fronts: Spiral wave fronts in a network of neurons. Courtesy of Jack D. Cowan

Environmental and Biological Diversity

Microorganisms of Methane Hydrates: Down But Not Out

F.S. Colwell

Idaho National Environmental Engineering Laboratory INEEL Research Center

Electron Microscopy: Transmission electron microscopy photograph of methanogenic archaeal isolate "Nankai-1" isolated from 247 meters below the seafloor in Nankai Trough sediments. Photo courtesy of Henry Aldrich and David Boone.

Rig Derrick: Drilling rig derrick on drilling platform M.G. Hulme used to collect deep cores from marine sediments, offshore Japan. Copyright AAAS

Hydratecore 1: Close-up of hydrate-bearing marine sediments from the Nankai Trough. Copyright AAAS. (JPEG, 7 MB)

Hydratecore 2: Examination of hydrate-bearing core collected from Nankai Trough sediments. Copyright AAAS. (JPEG, 5 MB)

Hydratecore 3: Another view of hydrate-bearing marine sediment core from the Nankai Trough. Copyright AAAS. (JPEG, 6 MB)

Rig Derrick B&W: Drilling rig derrick on drilling platform M.G. Hulme used to collect deep cores from marine sediments, offshore Japan. Copyright AAAS (JPEG, 6 MB)

Educating the Next Generation

Making Science Relevant to Undergraduates

Teaching Science in the Twenty-First Century

Rita R. Colwell

National Science Foundation

Head Shot: Courtesy of NSF/Office of Public Affairs

PPT Windows on the Universe: Courtesy of NSF/Office of Public Affairs (PowerPoint, 3 MB)

Ripple Generic Video: Courtesy of NSF/Office of Public Affairs (AVI, 14 MB)

Wave Video: Courtesy of NSF/Office of Public Affairs (AVI, 3 MB)

Public Health-Public Risk

Obesity: Molecular Causes and New Pathways for Treatment and Prevention

The Challenge of Maintaining a Healthy Weight in an Unhealthy Environment

James O. Hill

University of Colorado Health Sciences Center

Adult Obesity Chart: Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity Among US Adults, Age 20-74 Years. Courtesy of James O. Hill.

Obesity Chart: Trends in Obesity-Related Media Coverage. Courtesy of James O. Hill

Global Diabetes Chart: Global Projections for the Diabetes Epidemic: 1995-2010. Courtesy of James O. Hill

Child Obesity Chart: Prevalence of Overweight Among US Children and Adolescents. Courtesy of James O. Hill

Obesity Map: Prevalence of Obesity Among US Adults, BRFSS, 2001. Courtsey of James O. Hill

Science and Technology of Life

Biotechnology Beyond Medicine*

Lipids for Electronic Composites

Joel M. Schnur*

Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering

PPT Presentation Lipid Tubules: Courtesy of Joel Schnur (PowerPoint, 5 MB)

Nulka D TIIIB Fly Around Video: Courtesy of US Government (AVI, 26 MB)

Texas Captive Carry Takeoff Video: Courtesy of US Government (AVI, 73 MB)

Science Innovation: Physical Science Frontiers

The Next Generation of Atomic Clocks†

Optical--The Atomic Clocks of the Furture, an Overcome

Leo Hollberg

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Woman With Equipment: Courtesy of Leo Hollberg; NIST

4:30 p.m. - 6:00 p.m.

Beyond the Human Genome

Challenges in the Statistical Analysis of Genomic Data

The Integration of DNA and Microarray Sequence Analyses

Jun S. Liu

Harvard University

Cell Cluster Cycle: The 273 significant motifs reported by Motif Regressor over two cell cycles are clustered by motif coefficients over 18 time points. Courtesy of Jun Liu.

6:30 p.m. - 7:30 p.m.

Plenary Lecture

Plenary Lecture: Raymond L. Orbach

Speaker

Genesis: Science and the Beginning of Time

Raymond Orbach*

U.S. Department of Energy

PPT Genesis: Deep Connections: Quarks & the Cosmos (courtesy of Michael S. Turner). The time scale of Fig. 1 is used. The epochs, characterized by their physical characteristics (above the time line) have consequences for us in our epoch. Those consequences are being measured by experiments (below the time line) currently underway or planned. SNAP stands for SuperNova/Acceleration Probe, an orbiting space telescope with a two meter mirror, and with a wide-field camera of a billion pixels (a conventional electronic camera might have four million pixels). SLAC B-factory stands for the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Stanford Linear Accelerator producing large numbers of B mesons. Tevatron stands for the proton/anti-proton collider located at the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), located in Weston, Illinois, outside of Chicago. Currently, this machine is the world's highest-energy physics user facility. LHC stands for the Large Hadron Collider, currently under construction at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research, located near Geneva, Switzerland. CDMSII stands for Cryogenic Dark Matter Search. It is a search for the nature of dark matter, looking for the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP), and is located in the Soudan mine, near Ely, Minnesota. RHIC stands for Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Brookhaven National Laboratory. SDSS stands for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the most ambitious astronomical survey project ever undertaken, located at Apache Point Observatory, in New Mexico. RIA stands for the Rare Isotope Accelerator, a proposed project to probe unstable isotopes with an overabundance of protons or neutrons, and which tend to decay quickly. It will serve as a roadmap for the creation of the heavy elements through the furnaces of supernovae. With permission from Dr. Raymond Orbach.

PPT Big Questions: The BIG Questions (courtesy of Jonathan M. Dorfan). The epochs (Eras) are ordered by their time after the instant of the "Big Bang." Scientific units are used for the time of the beginning of each epoch. To translate to decimals, 10-10 s would equal 0.0000000001 sec, while 3 x 105 yr would equal 300,000 years (or 9.5 x 1012 s, equal to 9,500,000,000,000 sec, or 9.5 trillion seconds). GUT stands for Grand Unified Theory. The Strong force (red "S") and the unified Electroweak force (orange "E" joined with the blue "W") are manifest in the GUT Era. The Electroweak symmetry is broken in the Electro-weak Era, hence the separation of the joined orange "E" and blue "W" into separate orange "E" and blue "W". The big questions are associated with their respective epoch. With permission from Dr. Raymond Orbach.

Saturday, February 15, 2003

8:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.

Challenging and Changing Nature

Nonpoint Source Water Pollution: Science and Public Policy

Speaker

The Role of Partnerships in the Control of Nonpoint Source Pollution

Lauren Wenzel

Maryland Department of Natural Resources

PPT Presentation Nitrogen: Courtesy of Maryland Department of Natural Resources

Environmental and Biological Diversity

Impacts of Biotechnology on Biodiversity and Environment

Speaker

Certainties, Myths and Uncertainties in risk assessment of transgenic crops

Klaus Ammann

University of Bern, Switzerland

Web Site Impact of Biotechnology on Biodiversity and Environment: From Myths to Facts: Courtesy of Niklaus Ammann

Transgenic Fish and Aquatic Biodiversity: Modeling Risks

William Muir

Purdue University

PPT Presentation Biodiversity: Courtesy of William Muir

Gene Chart: Courtesy of William Muir

Impacts of Agricultural Systems, Including Biotechnology, on Soil Microflora

R. James Cook

Washington State University

PPT Wheat Roots: Wheat roots kept healthy-white by naturally-occurring antibiotic-producing bacteria enriched by wheat monoculture Courtesy of USDA.

Public Health-Public Risk

Developmental Effects of Deprived Caregiving*

Biological Mechanisms of Emotion Regulation in Post-institutionalized Children

Seth Pollak*

University of Wisconsin-Madison

Head Shot: Seth Pollak, Psychology and Psychiatry, in his child emotion research lab.
© UW-Madison News & Public Affairs 608 262-0067. Photo by: Jeff Miller

Science Innovation: Physical Science Frontiers

The Physics of Extra Dimensions

Extra Dimensions, Dark Energy, and the Big Bang

Sean Carroll

University of Chicago

Cosmological Constant: Courtesy of Sean Carroll.

The Physics of Extra Dimensions

Joseph Lykken

Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory

2D Cross Section: Courtesy of Joe Lykken

Laboratory Tests of Gravity

Eric Adelberger

University of Washington

Gold Cylinder: Courtesy of Eric Adelberger and Blayne Heckel

Head Shot: Courtesy of Eric Adelberger

Extra Dimensions: Collider Signals and Discriminants

Maria Spiropulu

The Enrico Fermi Institute

Gravity: Courtesy of Maria Spiropulu

Microarrays and Functional Genomics Seminar: The Future of Functional Genomics†

The Proteomics World

E.M. Marcotte

University of Texas

Protein Synthesis: A network of 2,906 predicted protein interactions (lines) between 2,438 proteins (red balls) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, reconstructed from a variety of comparative genomics analyses. Picture and caption courtesy of Alex Adai, Shailesh Date, and Edward Marcotte, University of Texas at Austin.

10:30 a.m. - 12:00 noon

Challenging and Changing Nature

Environmental Effects of Outdoor Lighting*

The Environmental Impacts of Light Pollution on the Nighttime Environment on Astronomy and

the Night Sky

David Crawford*

International Dark-Sky Association

Gas Station: Courtesy of International Dark Sky Association

Gas Station 2: Courtesy of International Dark Sky Association

North America: Courtesy of International Dark Sky Association

Walkway: Courtesy of International Dark Sky Association

Walkway 2: Courtesy of International Dark Sky Association

Evolution and Evolutionary Ideas

New Light on the Scopes Trial

Religious Pamphlets by Leading Scientists in the Scopes Era

Edward B. Davis

Messiah College

Pamphlets: Religious Pamphlets by Leading American Scientists, published by the American Institute of Sacred Literature (Chicago). Courtesy of Edward B. Davis

Topical Lecture: Margaret Livingstone†

Vision and Art

Margaret S. Livingstone†

Harvard Medical School

Mona Lisa: This image shows how Mona Lisa's smile would look at different eccentricities. Courtesy of Margaret Stratford Livingstone.

2:30 p.m. - 5:30 p.m.

Brain and Behavior

How the Nose Knows: Neural Circuits for Chemical Detection*†

Odor Maps in the Brain

Lawrence C. Katz

Duke University

Blood Vessels: Intrinsic signal imaging of the mouse olfactory bulb. Courtesy of L.C. Katz and L. Belluscio, Duke University Medical Center

Molecules: Individual glomeruli in the olfactory bulb code differences in molecular shape. Courtesy of L.C. Katz and B. D. Rubin, Duke University Medical Center

Beyond the Human Genome

Foods for Health: Integrating Agriculture and Medicine*

Reconstructing the Medicine Cabinet: Edible Vaccines and Plant-Based Therapeutics

John Howard*

Independent Consultant

PPT 2 Sl. Corn Transformation: Courtesy of John Howard (PowerPoint, 6 MB)

Food and the New -omics: Synthesizing a Food/Health Strategy

Charles C. Muscoplat

University of Minnesota

FOOD Collage: Courtesy of University of Minnesota.

Scientific UM Logo: Courtesy of University of Minnesota.

Head Shot: Courtesy of Charles Muscoplat. Photo by Steve Woit Photography.

When Agriculture and Medicine Merge: The Hope, the Hurdles

Charles J. Arntzen*

Arizona State University

Head Shot: Courtesy of Charles Arntzen

How the World Works

Meeting the Nitrogen Management Challenge: Arresting the Nitrogen Cascade†

Opportunities for Managing Fertilizer Use

Paul Fixen

Potash and Phosphate Institute

Tools Graph: Tools for Site-Specific Nutrient Management. Courtesy of Paul E. Fixen for Potash and Phosphate Institute.

Livestock and Reactive Nitrogen

Richard A. Kohn

University of Maryland

Arrow Figure: A diagram of a process-based model of nitrogen flows related to production of animal products. Reprinted with permission from The Scientific Basis for Estimating Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Interim Report, Copyright 2002 by the National Academy of Sciences. Courtesy of the National Academies Press, Washington, D.C. [This credit may be edited per publisher's house style and format.]

Courtesy of Richard A. Kohn

The Economics of the Nitrogen Cycle

William R. Moomaw

Tufts University

Nitrogen Chart: Nitrogen form human activities cascades through the nitrogen cycle and dramatically alters the biogeochemical environment. Courtesy of William R. Moomaw

Looking Beyond Earth

Frontiers of Mars Exploration: Geology, Climate, and Life†

The Future of the Mars Exploration Program

Ray Arvidson

Washington University-St. Louis

Mars Rover: Simulated view of the NASA 2003 Mars Exploration Rover in the process of deploying the Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT) onto a rock target. Use of the MER design has been provided to Cornell courtesy of NASA, JPL, and Caltech.

Public Health-Public Risk

Child Neglect and Abuse: Preventing Costs to Society

The Relationship of Adverse Childhood Experiences to Adult Health Status

Vincent J. Felitti

Kaiser Permanente

MA3-28 Video: Courtesy of Vincent Felitti and Robert Anda (AVI, 43 MB)

Molest3 Video: Courtesy of Vincent Felitti and Robert Anda (AVI, 15 MB)

PPT Adult Health: Courtesy of Vincent Felitti and Robert Anda (PowerPoint, 85 MB)

PPT Preventative Medicine: Courtesy of Vincent Felitti and Robert Anda

Smoke 3 Video: Courtesy of Vincent Felitti and Robert Anda (AVI, 15 MB)

Science and Security

Biosecurity--Science in the Balance*

Speaker

John Steinbruner*

University of Maryland

PPT Presentation Pathogens: Courtesy of John Steinbruner

Science, Engineering, and Public Policy

Global Inc.: Geography, History, Impacts, and Governance of Multinational Corporations

Speaker

Global Inc. Mapping the Global Corporation

Medard Gabel

Global Links Consulting

PPT Chart Countries and Corporations: Courtesy of Medard Gabel, Global Links Consulting.

6:30 p.m. - 7:30 p.m.

Plenary Lecture

Plenary Lecture: Anna C. Roosevelt

Peopling of the Americas

Anna C. Roosevelt

University of Illinois-Chicago

Clovis, NM: View of the Clovis Site area, New Mexico. Courtesy of Anna Roosevelt

Jaguay Coast: View of South Peruvian Coast near Quebrada Jaguay. Courtesy of David Sandweiss

Head Shot: Courtesy of Anna Roosevelt.

Tierra: View of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina. Courtesy of Anna Roosevelt

Monte Alegre Hills: View of Monte Alegre Hills, near Caverna da Pedra Pinatada. Courtesy of Nigel Smith.

Sunday, February 16, 2003

8:30 a.m. - 10:00 a.m.

Science and Technology of Life

Shining Light on Signal Transmission between Cells of the Nervous System*

Development of Photoremoveable Protecting Groups for Investigations of Biological Reactions

Richard S. Givens*

University of Kansas

Image: Microfluidic Cell

8:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.

Challenging and Changing Nature

Removing Dams, Restoring Rivers

Perspectives on Science and Policy Issues Underlying Dam Removal: How Much Do We Really Know?

Gordon E. Grant

USDA Forest Service

Dam Removal 1: Post-dam removal changes are dependent on flow sequence and dam removal options. Courtesy of Gordon E. Grant.

Dam Removal 2: Downstream sediment storage elements. Courtesy of Gordon E. Grant.

Dam Removal 3: Courtesy of Gordon E. Grant.

Evolution and Evolutionary Ideas

Disruptions in Ancient Land Ecosystems: Lessons from the Fossil Record

Insect Response to Extraterrestrial Impact, Global Warming, and Vegetation Change (65 and 55 m.y.a.)

Conrad Labandeira

National Museum of Natural History

Damage Types Graph: Stratigraphic and sampling data for the 51 insect-mediated damage types from a 183-m composite section straddling the K/T boundary (orange bar), from the Williston Basin of southwestern North Dakota . Copyright Conrad Labandeira

Personal Photo: Courtesy of Conrad Labandeira

Group Photo: Courtesy of Conrad Labandeira

Graph Leaf Damage: Courtesy of Conrad Labandeira.

Plant Collage: A spectrum of plant-insect associations from the Williston Basin of southwestern North Dakota. Courtesy of Conrad Labandeira.

Ecological Consequences of Mass Extinction: Plant Recovery after the End-Permian Crisis

Cindy Looy

Laboratory of Palaeorotany & Palynology

Greenland: Overview of the Oksedal section, Jameson Land, East Greenland. Photograph by Richard Twitchett. Courtesy of Cindy Looy

Release Pollen: Conifer producing large amounts of pollen grains. LPP archives. Courtesy of Cindy Looy

Recent Quillwort: Example of a recent quilwort: Isoetes echinospora, found in north-west European lakes. Photograph by Mario Maessen. Courtesy of Cindy Looy.

Pleuromeia: Reconstruction of adult Pleuromeia sternbergii by Ivo Duijnstee. Height is approximately 120 cm. Courtesy of Cindy Looy.

Permian Pollen Grain: Lueckisporites virkkiae, pollen grain associated with the Late Permian conifer family Majonicaceae. This family went extinct during the end-Permian biotic crisis. LPP archives. Courtesy of Cindy Looy.

Permian Map: Late Permian paleogeography (255 million years ago) after Scotese's Paleomap Project Courtesy of Cindy Looy

Palynomorphs: An example of the diversity of Permian and Triassic pollen and spores. LPP archives. Courtesy of Cindy Looy.

Overview Europe Chart: Generalized stratigraphic distribution of selected latest Permian and Early/Middle Triassic spore and pollen types in Europe. The ecologic crisis and associated conifer extinction is marked by a proliferation of fungal remains. Preceding the successional recovery of conifer-dominated vegetation, the post-crisis survival phase is characterized by a prolonged quillwort dominance. Courtesy of Cindy Looy.

Italy: One of the most scenic Permian-Triassic boundary sections in the world: the Butterloch Canyon in Italy. Courtesy of Cindy Looy.

Survival Chart: Quantatitive distribution patterns of spore and pollen types from the Permian-Triassic transition sequence in Jameson Land, East Greenland. Small horizontal lines represent the position of the pollen and spore samples. Plus signs indicate rare, isolated occurrences. One meter of sediment represents approximately 17,000 years (+/- 15ky). The recognised genera and other categories reflect taxonomic diversity at generic and suprageneric levels. The diagram shows the stages of the regional vegetation change during the collapse and initial recovery: a, decline of cordaites-seedfern woodland; b, proliferation of herbaceous quillworts and clubmosses; c, establishment of diverse shrubland communities; d, renewed quillworts and clubmosses proliferation; e) extinction of typical Late-Permian Subangaran gymnosperms; f, establishment of the typical early Triassic open shrubland with seedferns and quillworts. Courtesy of Cindy Looy.

Educating the Next Generation

Environmental Science Education in a Tribal College*

The Circle of Life & the Indian Operator: Bringing Back the Future

Phillip H. Duran*

Northwest Indian College

PPT Circle of Life: Courtesy of Phillip Duran

Looking Beyond Earth

A Sharper Image: Adaptive Optics and Its Applications†

Asteroids and Their Satellites

Christophe Dumas

Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Hermione Asteroide: Image of the asteroid Hermione and its satellite obtained on Sep. 28, 2002 at the Keck Observatory in Hawaii. The projected separation of the satellite is 0.43 arcsecond. Its estimated size is ~ 13km. Credit: Christophe Dumas (NASA-JPL), William Merline (SwRI).

The Black Hole at the Center of the Milky Way Galaxy

Andrea M. Ghez

University of California-Los Angeles

Image: Courtesy of Andrea Ghez (from Sharper Image session)

Image: Benifits of AO to study of the Center of our Galaxy. Left inset adaptive optics off, Right inset adaptive optics on. Courtesy of Andrea Ghez.

Video: Center of our Galaxy without Adaptive Optics to with Adaptive Optics. Motions of these stars have demonstrated definitively the existence of a supermassive black hole at the center of our Galaxy. Courtesy of Andrea Ghez.

Three Dimensional Structure of the Retina and Its Blood Supply

Austin Roorda

University of Houston

Adaptive Optics 1: Courtesy of Austin Roorda and David Williams

Adaptive Optics 4: Courtesy of Austin Roorda

Adaptive Optics 3: Courtesy of Austin Roorda

Adaptive Optics 2: Courtesy of Heidi Hofer and David Williams

Adaptive Optics 5: Courtesy of Austin Roorda and David Williams

12:30 p.m. - 1:15 p.m.

Topical Lecture

Topical Lecture: Achileas Mitsos*

Towards a Coherent European S&T Enterprise

Achilleas Mitsos*

European Commission

Community Brochure: Courtesy of EU

EU Brochure: Courtesy of EU

RTD Brochure: Courtesy of EU

RTD Magazine: Courtesy of EU

1:30 p.m. - 2:15 p.m.

Topical Lecture: Kirk Johnson*†

Tropical Rainforests, Dinosaurs, and Drinking Water: The Odd Urban Geology of the Denver

Basin

Kirk Johnson*

Denver Museum of Nature and Science

Denver Airport: The site of Denver International Airport as it looked 65.5 million years ago, just after the extinction of the dinosaurs. Painting by Donna Braginetz. Courtesy of Kirk Johnson for the Denver Museum of Nature and Science.

Colorado Front Range: The Colorado Front Range as viewed across Highlands Ranch a community of nearly 80,000 people that is dependant on groundwater from the bedrock aquifers of the Denver Basin. Courtesy of Kirk Johnson for Denver Museum of Nature and Science.

Leaf Fossil: A 64.1 million year old, six-inch long leaf from a fossil rainforest located just south of Denver Colorado. Courtesy of Kirk Johnson for Denver Museum of Nature and Science.

T-Rex Teeth: A pair of 9 inch long Tyrannosaurus rex teeth from suburban Denver. Courtesy of Kirk Johnson for Denver Museum of Nature and Science.

Topical Lecture: Lawrence Krauss*

Scientific Ignorance as a Way of Life: From Science Fiction in Washington to Intelligent Design

in the Classroom

Lawrence Krauss*†

Case Western University

Head Shot: Lawrence M. Krauss, Ambrose Swasey Professor of Physics, Professor of Astronomy, and Chair Physics Dept. Author: Physics of Star Trek, and Atom: A Single Oxygen Atom's Odyssey from the Big Bang to Life on Earth...and Beyond

2:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m.

Science and Technology of Life

Biologically Inspired Intelligent Robotics*

Engineering Robotic Life

Yoseph Bar-Cohen*

Jet Propulsion Lab

Head-Hand: An android head and a robotic hand that are serving as biomimetic platforms for the development of artificial muscles ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: The photo was made at JPL where the head was sculptured and instrumented by D. Hanson, University of Texas, Dallas, jointly with G. Pioggia, University of Pisa, Italy. The hand was made by G. Whiteley, Sheffield Hallam U., UK, and installed with actuators by G. Pioggia, University of Pisa, Italy, at JPL, Pasadena, CA Courtesy of Yoseph Bar-Cohen

Psychology and Intelligence of Biomimetic Robots

Cynthia Breazeal*

MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

Boy and Dog: Two sociable robots developed at MIT. To the left is Kismet, an expressive face robot developed by Breazeal and her colleagues at the MIT Artificial Intelligence lab. To the right is Leonardo, an ongoing joint collaboration between the MIT Media lab and Stan Winston Studios. Images copyright MIT with permission of Cynthia Breazea

Humanoid Machinery

David Hanson*

University of Texas-Dallas

Arms: Electroactive Polymer Artificial Muscles

Because of their ability to act in the manner of biological muscles, electroactive polymers (EAPs) have earned the nickname "artificial muscles." JPL, in collaboration with research institutions throughout the world, is working to improve the understanding of the mechanisms that are responsible for the electroactive effect. We are also searching for ways to improve the performance of EAPs and find applications where their unique capabilities can be used. Demonstration material was provided by EAP research partner Osaka National Research Institute. Courtesy of David Hanson

2:30 p.m. - 5:30 p.m.

Remembering Traumatic Experiences in Childhood: Reliability and Limitations of Memory*

Putting Memory Meat on the Bones of Belief

Elizabeth F. Loftus*

University of Washington

PPT Bugs Bunny Ad: Fake ad of Bugs Bunny at Disneyland-used in research of Elizabeth Loftus and her collaborators Kathy Braun, Rhiannon Ellis, Melissa Grinley, and Jacqueline Pickrell. Courtesy of Elizabeth Loftus

Dealing with Global Change

Implications of Climate Change for Soil and Water Conservation

Effects of Precipitation Intensity and Duration on Runoff and Erosion

Mark Nearing

USDA, National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory

Erosivity Chart: Predicted changes in the power of rainfall to cause soil erosion in the United States during the 21st century. Courtesy of Mark Nearing

Environmental and Biological Diversity

Lines on the Water: A Conceptual Framework for Ocean Use Planning

John C. Ogden

Florida Institute of Oceanography

Globe Graphic: The Real United States: The Exclusive Economic Zone and Contiguous Land Area. Courtesy of John C. Ogden

Elliott Norse

Marine Conservation Biology Institute

Shark and Trawl Trash: Courtesy of Elliott A. Norse, Marine Conservation Biology Institute

Trawl and Trash Off: Courtesy Elliott A. Norse, Marine Conservation Biology Institute

Trawl and Trash Skate-Off: Courtesy Elliott A. Norse, Marine Conservation Biology Institute

Looking Beyond Earth

Cosmic Ray Astrophysics

Cosmic Origins: Ultra High Energy

Angela Olinto

Air Shower & Picture Graph: AGASA. Courtesy of Angela Olinto

Observatory Array: Pierre Auger Project-Surface Array. Courtesy of Angela Olinto

Observatory Flourescence: Pierre Auger Project-Fluorescence Detector. Courtesy of Angela Olinto.

Observatory: Pierre Auger Project-Fluorescence Detector. Courtesy of Angela Olinto.

Science and Human Culture

Heroes and Heroism in Engineering

C/O with Schwartz

Ed Turner

Turner Engineering Consulting

PPT Videos: Idaho Falls

PPT Video #1: Introduction of history and general information about Idaho Falls Public Work Division and Engineering Department. Courtesy of Edwin Turner.

PPT Video #2: First and Cascade. Courtesy of Edwin Turner.

PPT Video #3: 8th and Holmes. Courtesy of Edwin Turner.

PPT Video #4: 19th Rollandet Street Project. Courtesy of Edwin Turner.

PPT Video #5: Debra Turner. Courtesy of Edwin Turner.

Science and Security

Security for Life: The Science Behind Security Technologies

The Science of Biodefense

Carole Heilman

National Institutes of Health

PPT Presentation Bio Defense: Courtesy of NIH (PowerPoint, 7 MB)

Technologies for Assessing and Addressing the Terrorist Threat to Infrastructure

David McCallen

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Bridge Picture & Sketch: Large Scale Computer Simulation of Structures:

Bridge System. Courtesy of Lawrence Livermore National Library

Building Picture and Sketch: Large Scale Computer Simulations of Structures:

Building System Courtesy of Lawrence Livermore National Library

Dam Systems Sketch: Large Scale Computer Simulations of Structures:

Dam System. Courtesy of Lawrence Livermore National Library

Protection of Buildings Against Terrorist Attacks and Lessons Learned from the Collapse of

World Trade Center Towers

Abolhassan Astaneh-Asl

University of California-Berkeley

Shear Wall Drawing: Photo by Abolhassan Astaneh-Asi/NSF-UC Berkeley Project. Courtesy of Abolhassan Astaneh-Asi

WTC Columns: Photo by Abolhassan Astaneh-Asi/NSF-UC Berkely Project Courtesy of Abolhassan Astaneh-Asi

Science Innovation: Physical Science Frontiers

High Intensity Laser Science

Attosecond Science Comes of Age

Ferenc Krausz

Vienna University of Technology

Attosecond Pulse Source: Attosecond x-ray source. The characteristic fluorescence emission originates from neon atoms ionized by a few-cycle laser pulse as they stream out of the volume inside a thin metal tube with a couple of holes in its walls to transmit the pump laser and the energizing x-ray beam. Courtesy of Photonics Institute, Vienna Univ. Techn.

Seminar

Neuroinformatics: Genes to Behavior

Cortical Cartography: Mapping Cortical Structure and Function in Human, Monkey, and Mouse

David C. Van Essen

Washington University

Man Monkey Mouse 3D : Three dimensional surface reconstructions and flat images of human, Macaque monkey and mouse cerbral and cerebellar cortex. Unpublished data and illustration generated by David C. Van Essen.

Man Monkey Mouse: Surface and reconstruction of cerbral and cerebellar cortex in human, Macaque monkey and mouse. Unpublished data and illustration by David C. Van Essen

Monday, February 17, 2003

8:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.

Brain and Behavior

The Eyes Have It: Eye Movements and Spoken Language

John C. Trueswell

University of Pennsylvania

Objects in Box Experiment: Courtesy of John C. Trueswell.

Environmental and Biological Diversity

Conserving Migratory Marine Organisms: Protecting Animals with Ocean-Sized Habitats

Seabird Conservation and Management in the Southern Ocean Marine System

John Croxall

British Antarctic Survey

Image:Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) showing its distinctive chin strap marking - It is easy to see where this species gets its name. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Chris Gilbert

Image:Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) with chick. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Chris Gilbert

Image:A subadult Antarctic fur seal displaying threatening behaviour in tussock grass on Bird Island South Georgia. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Chris Gilbert

Image:Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) walk in line across a steep ice cliff between the breeding colony and the sea on Bellingshausen Island, South Sandwich Islands. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Pete Bucktrout

Image:Wandering Albatross caught on a longline. Copyright G. Robertson (Australian Antarctic Division). Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/G. Robertson

Image:Adelie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) at Rothera Point, Adelaide Island, Antarctica. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Pete Bucktrout

Image:Antarctic Fur seal and pup on Bird Island, South Georgia. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Chris Gilbert

Image:A pair of Wandering albatrosses displaying during a courtship ritual at a study site on Bird Island, South Georgia. British Antarctic Survey scientists have confirmed a steady decline in the albatross population on Bird Island, probably as a result of drowning when their beaks catch on baited fish hooks. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Chris Gilbert

Image: Black-browed Albatross (Thalassarche melanophrys) feeding its chick. Black-browed Albatrosses feed on Krill, fish and squid and tend to forage around the edge of the continental shelf of South Georgia. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Chris Gilbert

Image:Pair of Grey-headed Albatrosses (Thalassarche chrysostoma) in colony A, Bird Island. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Chris Gilbert

Image: Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) at Goldcrest point, Bird Island. The yellow head plumes meet over the beak, unlike the similar Rockhopper penguin. Courtesy British Antarctic Survey/Chris Gilbert

Fisheries and Bycatch of Pelagic Megafauna

Martin Hall

Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission

PPT Dolphins Tuna Chart: Dolphin Mortality. Courtesy of Martin Hall

Tools for Studying Marine Mammals: Electronic Tags Meet Remote Sensing

Daniel P. Costa

University of California-Santa Cruz

APBT Tracks: E Seal APBT Tracks Copyright AAAS

Female Seal: Female Seal Copyright AAAS

Female Ele Seal: Female Ele Seal Female Seal Copyright AAAS

Equipment: Copyright AAAS

Earth Graphic: Copyright AAAS

Globe Tracks: E-seal Tracks of Globe. Copyright AAAS

Male Seal: Copyright AAAS

Seal on Boat: Seal on DJ Copyright AAAS

Ocean Graphic: Ocean Thermal Profile. Copyright AAAS

MF APBT Graph: Male and Female APBT Tracks. Copyright AAAS

Map Graphic: Crabeater Tracks. Copyright AAAS

Seal Sand: Copyright AAAS

Seal: Copyright AAAS

Tracks Pic and Graph: Ele Female with APBT Tracks. Copyright AAAS

Tracks and Temp Chart: E-Seal Tracks and Temp Gradient. Copyright AAAS

Transition Graph: E-Seal Dive Patterns. Copyright AAAS

Evolution and Evolutionary Ideas

Evolutionary Aspects of Gender and Sexuality*

Same-Sex Sexuality, Sexual Selection and Evolutionary History

Paul L. Vasey*

University of Lethbridge

Macaque Monkey: Courtesy of Paul Vasey.

Public Health-Public Risk

Malaria, Mosquitoes, and Insect-Borne Disease*†

New Anti-Malarial Drugs Through Public- Private Partnership

Robert Ridley*

International Center Cointrin

Video - Vaccination of a Child: Courtesy of the World Health Organization. (WHO).

Video - Whole Vaccination Procedure in the Field: Courtesy of WHO.

Video - Dissection of Mosquitos: Courtesy of WHO.

Video - Distribution of Quinine Tablets: Courtesy of WHO.

Video - Mother, Child Both Have Malaria: Courtesy of WHO.

Science and Security

After the 9/11 Terror--The Impact on New York

The Impact of 9/11 on the Children of New York

Gerry Fairbrother

The New York Academy of Medicine

PPT WTC Children Pie Chart: Courtesy of Gerry Fairbrother, Ph. D., The New York Academy of Medicine

Science and Technology of Life

The 'New' Nucleus: Mothership of the Human Genome

Chromatin Structure

Andrew Belmont

University of Illinois

Chromosome Nucleus: New imaging methods allow visualization of specific chromosome regions and genes in green within the cell nucleus in blue. Courtesy of Andrew Belmont

10:30 a.m. - 12:00 noon

Dealing with Global Change

Understanding and Managing the Global Carbon Cycle

Carbon as Viewed by Developing Countries

Patricia Romero Lankao

Metropolitan Autonomous University of Mexico

PPT 2 Sl Fossil Fuel: Courtesy of Patricia Lankao and the Energy Information Administration

1:30 p.m. - 2:15 p.m.

Topical Lecture

Topical Lecture: Barry Barish

Gravity--Studying the Fabric of the Universe

Barry C. Barish*

California Institute of Technology

Hanford Aerial View: Hanford aerial view -- a photo of the large LIGO interferometer installation at Hanford, WA. Courtesy of LIGO

LIGO Mirror 2: LIGO Mirror -- A photo of a LIGO Optic, which is made of fused silica, polished to high optical quality and with a special multi-layer dielectric coating to reflect the laser light. Courtesy of LIGO

LIGO Corner Station: LIGO Corner Station -- A photo showing the large vacuum tanks that house the LIGO Optics Courtesy of LIGO

Interferometer Layout: Interferometer Layout -- A layout showing the optical configuration used for the LIGO interferometers Courtesy of LIGO

Livingston Aerial View: Livingston aerial view -- a photo of the large LIGO interferometer installation at Livingston, LA. Courtesy of LIGO

2:30 p.m. - 4:00 p.m.

Dealing with Global Change

Climate Change Mitigation Strategy: Technical Challenges for Geologic Carbon Sequestration*

CO₂ Sequestration in Deep Saline Reservoirs--Challenges and Opportunities

Neeraj Gupta

Battele Columbus Laboratories

PPT Saline: This slide shows the general concept of injection of fluids in deep reservoirs for the purpose of long-term storage. There is a large separation between the injection zones and any fresh water zones. Courtesy of Neeraj Gupta.

PPT 3D Block Diagram: This is a 3-D diagram of a typical formation in the midwestern area that could be a candidate for CO2 storage. The regional-scale estimates show that there is large potential for storage in the region. However, site-specific tests are required to determine that a given location has sufficient thickness and permeability to accept the injected CO2 and has good containment. Courtesy of Neeraj Gupta.

PPT Well Design: This figure shows the conceptual diagram for a typical injection well for CO2

sequestration or other fluid injections. There is a large separation between the injection zone and fresh water zones. The well is designed with multiple layers of casing to prevent any leakage from the injection wells into the shallow zones. The cement and innermost casings are acid resistant. The annulus around the injection string is monitored continuously for any pressure changes to prevent any leakage. The regulations for deep well injection require this monitoring and periodic well testing to ensure well integrity. Courtesy of Neeraj Gupta.

PPT System Components: This figure shows the conceptual diagram for a typical injection well for CO2 sequestration or other fluid injections. There is a large separation between the injection zone and fresh water zones. The well is designed with multiple layers of casing to prevent any leakage from the injection wells into the shallow zones. The cement and innermost casings are acid resistant. The annulus around the injection string is monitored continuously for any pressure changes to prevent any leakage. The regulations for deep well injection require this monitoring and periodic well testing to ensure well integrity. Courtesy of Neeraj Gupta.

2:30 p.m. - 5:30 p.m.

By the Numbers

Mathematical Models for Traffic Flow (Phantom Jams and Real Data)

Kinetic Models of Vehicular Traffic Flow

Paul Nelson

Texas A&M University

3 Bowls: Painted pottery from the Mimbres region of southwestern New Mexico, 12th century. Courtesy of Margaret C. Nelson and Dulce M. Aldama. (JPEG, 10 MB)

Fish Bowl: A painted bowl from the 12th century Mimbres region of southwestern New Mexico. Courtesy of Margaret C. Nelson and Dulce M. Aldama.

Crew Working: Arizona State University field school excavation at a 12th century Mimbres village. Courtesy of Margaret C. Nelson and Dulce M. Aldama.

Antelope Bowl: Drawing of the image painted on a Mimbres bowl from the 12th century.

Courtesy of Margaret C. Nelson and Dulce M. Aldama.

3 People: Excavations in a 12th century hamlet in the Mimbres region of southwestern New Mexico. Margaret Nelson (right). Courtesy of Margaret C. Nelson and Dulce M. Aldama.

Quailhunter: Drawing of the image painted on a Mimbres bowl from the 12th century. Courtesy of Margaret C. Nelson and Dulce M. Aldama.

Traffic Jams: Pedestrian Flow and Evacuation in Reality and Simulation

Dirk Helbing

Dresden University of Technology

Alternative Routes: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Entities Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Entities Bar Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Elements Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Crowded Street: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Crowded Stadium: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Crowded Door: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Column: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Colorful Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Going Through a Door: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Intersection with Arrows Graphic: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Optimized Parameters Chart: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Number of Players Chart: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

More Traffic: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Lanes of Arrows: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Pedestrians 1 : Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Pedestrians 2: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

People Running Through Door: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Pedestrians on Brick Road 1: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Pedestrians on Brick Road 2: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Pedestrians on Brick Road 3: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Process Modules Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Red and Yellow: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Stock Levels Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Sitting in a Stadium: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Running in a Room: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Red Dots: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Subpopulations Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Traffic 3: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Velocity 3D Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Travel Times Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Traffic: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Velocity Graph: Courtesy of Dick Helbing, et al.

Cultural and Social Diversity

[Mis]understanding Village Abandonments in the Prehistoric North American Southwest

C/O with Cameron

Stephen Lekson

University of Colorado

Canyon Reproduction 1: Virtual Reality Construction (of Chaco Canyon) Courtesy of Steve Lekson; Data by Dennis R. Holloway, Architect

Hole: Midden, Pinnacle Ruin, Canada Alamosa, New Mexico. Courtesy of Stephen H. Lekson.

Checkered Arrow: Kiva Wall, Bluff Great House, Bluff Utah. Courtesy of Stephen H. Lekson.

Canyon: Chetro Ketl Great House, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico.Courtesy of Stephen H. Lekson.

Canyon Reproduction 2: Virtual Reality Reconstruction(Of Chaco Canyon) Courtesy of Steve Lekson, Data by Dennis R. Holloway.

Map: Ancient Southwest. Courtesy of Stephen Lekson.

Ecology of Infectious Diseases

The Role of Biodiversity in Buffering Disease Outbreaks

Richard Ostfeld

Institute of Ecosystem Studies

Host Species Graph: Changes in Lyme disease risk under different scenarios of species loss in fragmented landscapes. Courtesy of Richard Simon Ostfeld.

Tick Graph: Ability of different host species to infect ticks. Courtesy of Richard Simon Ostfeld.

Mouse: White-footed mouse being examined for tick burden. Courtesy of Richard Simon Ostfeld.

Tick Nymph: Micrograph of a blacklegged ticknymph. Courtesy of Richard Simon Ostfeld.

How the World Works

If the World Is Awash in Food, Why Are Millions Starving?

What Can Science Do to Help?

Gary Toenniessen

Rockerfeller Foundation

Enhanced Soil Chart: Restored Soil Fertility. More resilient crops and integrated pest management are synergistic. They reinforce each other and together can increase the productivitiy of African farms. Courtesy of Gary Toenniessen.

Resilient Crops Chart: Courtesy of Gary Toeniessen

Low Farm Productivity Chart: Courtesy of Gary Toenniessen

Restored Soil Chart: Courtesy of Gary Toenniessen

Science and Society

The Science of Snow and Skiing

The Nucleation of Supercooled Water and the Formation of Atmoshperic and Artificial Snow

Charles Knight*

National Center for Atmospheric Research

Frozen Drops: Frozen drizzle drops that rimed before falling to the

ground. The scale bars are mostly 0.2 mm, in one case 0.5 mm Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR.

Snow Particle: Snow particles may have a variety of complicated histories. This “spatial dendrite” formed from a small, rimed aggregate of some kind. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR

Snow Crystal: The central drop of this tiny snow crystal is clearly visible, and several others collided with it and froze as it grew. The drop is about 20 microns in diameter (roughly 1/1000 inch), and the crystal itself is very roughly 2/100 inch. The initial drop nucleated, froze into a single crystal, and then growth from the vapor formed two parallel plates starting at opposite ends of the drop. Here they overlap, and three of the six exterior points belong to each plate. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR

Snow Crystal View 2: In the other main form of snow crystal, the growth is fastest along the six-fold axis rather than perpendicular to it. Viewed from the end it would appear as a hexagon. This crystal is viewed perpendicular to that axis, and the 8 faces are all hollow a “hopper”, or skeletal structure. About ½ mm long. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR.

Rime Finger Crystal: A crystal like that in Fig. 5, resting on its unrimed side,

photographed with the ends of the rime fingers in focus. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR

Rime Crystal: Very heavily rimed crystals like this one are called graupel, and form in stronger updrafts. Viewed from the side, the original plate is visible. The riming was mostly on the bottom. Most summer rainfall in Colorado is melted graupel. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR.

Plate Crystals: Small, hexagonal plate crystals usually fall flat and rime on only the bottom side, where the supercooled drops collide. These form fingers projecting downward, into the air stream. Diameter is about 1.5 mm Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR.

Graupel Crystal: This graupel probably formed by riming on an aggregate of dendritic crystals. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR

Frozen Snow Crystal: The central, frozen drop is visible in this two-plate

crystal. One plate is an elongated hexagon, and the other has six arms. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR.

Frozen Snow Crystal: The central frozen drop is also visible in this dendritic crystal, again consisting of two plates. Note the several “rime” drops attached. Long dimension about 3 mm. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR.

Test Tube Sketch: A simple apparatus to demonstrate supercooling consists of a test tube containing some water, a cork and a thermometer, cooled below the freezing point in a bath of ice, salt and water. Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCAR

PPT Temp Chart: Courtesy of Charles Knight, NCARs

Tuesday, February 18, 2003:

8:30 a.m. - 11:30 a.m.

By the Numbers

Supercomputing and the New Biology

Bringing the Genome to Life: the Role of Computing

Aristides Patrinos

U.S. Department of Energy

PPT Computer Speeds Graph: Courtesy of Aristades Patrinos and Michael Colvin.

PPT Molecules: Courtesy of Aristades Patrinos and Michael Colvin.

Science and Technology of Life

Bigger, Faster, Stronger: Genetic Enhancement and Athletics