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Archaeology
Key: Meeting Journal Funder Dissertation
Public Release: 5-Nov-2009
Southeastern Archaeological Conference
Atlanta's Fernbank Museum tracks infamous conquistador through Southeast
Atlanta's Fernbank Museum of Natural History has discovered evidence of Hernando de Soto's 1540 journey through the Southeast. No evidence of De Soto's path from Tallahassee to North Carolina has been found until now, and few sites have been located anywhere. Fernbank archaeologist Dennis Blanton has amassed an impressive collection of objects revealing a probable stop in today's Telfair County, Ga. He'll present his findings at the Southeastern Archaeological Conference on Nov. 5 in Mobile.
Fernbank Museum of Natural History, Georgia Department of Natural Resources

Contact: Brandi Berry
brandi.berry@fernbankmuseum.org
404-929-6339
Fernbank Museum of Natural History

Public Release: 4-Nov-2009
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
The humble beginnings of a king
A long forgotten fossil skull in the collections of the Natural History Museum in London has now provided crucial clues to the early stages of the lengthy evolutionary history of Tyrannosaurus rex and related large carnivorous dinosaurs.
European Union

Contact: Dr. Oliver Rauhut
o.rauhut@lrz.uni-muenchen.de
49-892-180-6645
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München

Public Release: 2-Nov-2009
Nature Genetics
The entwined destinies of mankind and leprosy bacteria
Leprosy still affects hundreds of thousands of people today throughout the entire world. An international team headed by EPFL professor Stewart Cole has traced the history of the disease from ancient Egypt to today and in doing so has made a public health study essential for combating the disease.

Contact: Stewart Cole
stewart.cole@epfl.ch
41-216-931-851
Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Public Release: 2-Nov-2009
Current Biology
New clues to the Falklands wolf mystery
Ever since the Falklands wolf was described by Darwin himself, the origin of this now-extinct canid found only on the Falkland Islands far off the east coast of Argentina has remained a mystery. Now, researchers reporting in the Nov. 3 issue of Current Biology who have compared DNA from four of the world's dozen or so known Falklands wolf museum specimens to that of living canids offer new insight into the evolutionary ancestry of these enigmatic carnivores.

Contact: Cathleen Genova
cgenova@cell.com
617-397-2802
Cell Press

Public Release: 27-Oct-2009
Angewandte Chemie International
New look for antiques
Italian researchers working with Piero Baglioni at the University of Florence have developed a technique to effectively remove old polymer layers from sensitive historic artworks. As the researchers report in the journal Angewandte Chemie, the new cleaning system involves only a tiny proportion of volatile organic compounds.

Contact: Piero Baglioni
baglioni@csgi.unifi.it
39-055-457-3033
Wiley-Blackwell

Public Release: 26-Oct-2009
Cretaceous Research
Ancient 'monster' insect offers Halloween inspiration
Just in time for Halloween, researchers have announced the discovery of a new, real-world "monster" -- what they are calling a "unicorn" fly that lived about 100 million years ago and is being described as a new family, genus and species of fly never before observed.

Contact: George Poinar
poinarg@science.oregonstate.edu
541-737-5366
Oregon State University

Public Release: 25-Oct-2009
Geological Society of America Bulletin
Tsunami waves reasonably likely to strike Israel
"There is a likely chance of tsunami waves reaching the shores of Israel," says Dr. Beverly Goodman of the Leon H. Charney School of Marine Studies at the University of Haifa, following encompassing geoarchaeological research at the port of Caesarea. "Tsunami events in the Mediterranean do occur less frequently than in the Pacific Ocean, but our findings reveal a moderate rate of recurrence," she says.

Contact: Rachel Feldman
rfeldman@univ.haifa.ac.il
972-482-88722
University of Haifa

Public Release: 21-Oct-2009
Pavlopetri -- the world's oldest known submerged town
The world's oldest known submerged town has been revealed through the discovery of late Neolithic pottery. The finds were made during an archaeological survey of Pavlopetri, off the southern Laconia coast of Greece.

Contact: Dr. Rory Howlett
r.howlett@noc.soton.ac.uk
44-238-059-8490
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton (UK)

Public Release: 18-Oct-2009
Geological Society of America's 2009 Annual Meeting & Exposition
Fracture zones endanger tombs in Valley of Kings
Ancient choices made by Egyptians digging burial tombs may have led to today's problems with damage and curation of these precious archaeological treasures, but photography and detailed geological mapping should help curators protect the sites, according to a Penn State researcher.

Contact: A'ndrea Elyse Messer
aem1@psu.edu
814-865-9481
Penn State

Public Release: 16-Oct-2009
World's oldest submerged town dates back 5,000 years
Archaeologists surveying the world's oldest submerged town have found ceramics dating back to the Final Neolithic. Their discovery suggests that Pavlopetri, off the southern Laconia coast of Greece, was occupied some 5,000 years ago -- at least 1,200 years earlier than originally thought.

Contact: Lindsay Brooke
lindsay.brooke@nottingham.ac.uk
01-159-515-751
University of Nottingham

Public Release: 15-Oct-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Plant fossils give first real picture of earliest Neotropical rainforests
A team of researchers including a University of Florida paleontologist has used a rich cache of plant fossils discovered in Colombia to provide the first reliable evidence of how Neotropical rainforests looked 58 million years ago.

Contact: Fabiany Herrera
fherrera@flmnh.ufl.edu
352-222-3897
University of Florida

Public Release: 15-Oct-2009
Technology brings new insights to one of the oldest Middle Eastern languages still spoken
New technologies and academic collaborations are helping scholars at the University of Chicago analyze hundreds of ancient documents in Aramaic, one of the Middle East's oldest continuously spoken and written languages. Members of the West Semitic Research Project at the University of Southern California are helping the University's Oriental Institute make high-quality electronic images of Aramaic administrative documents. The texts were incised on clay tablets with styluses or inked on with brushes or pens.
Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

Contact: William Harms
w-harms@uchicago.edu
773-702-8356
University of Chicago

Public Release: 14-Oct-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
A 200,000-year-old cut of meat
New findings from the Qesem Cave archaeological dig in Israel indicate that during the Lower Paleolithic Period people prepared and shared meat differently than in earlier times, providing new clues into our evolutionary development, economics and social behaviors.

Contact: George Hunka
ghunka@aftau.org
212-742-9070
American Friends of Tel Aviv University

Public Release: 13-Oct-2009
Proceedings of the Royal Society B
New type of flying reptile discovered
Discovered by scientists at the University of Leicester and the Geological Institute, Beijing, Darwin's pterodactyl preyed on flying dinosaurs and shows how a controversial type of evolution may have powered the origin of major new groups.

Contact: Dave Unwin
dmu1@le.ac.uk
44-116-252-3947
University of Leicester

Public Release: 8-Oct-2009
Science
Early hominid first walked on 2 legs in the woods
Among the many surprises associated with the discovery of the oldest known, nearly complete skeleton of a hominid is the finding that this species took its first steps toward bipedalism not on the open, grassy savanna, as generations of scientists -- going back to Charles Darwin -- hypothesized, but in a wooded landscape.

Contact: Diana Yates
diya@illinois.edu
217-333-5802
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Public Release: 7-Oct-2009
Molecular Ecology
Loyal alligators display the mating habits of birds
Research published in Molecular Ecology reveals that alligators display the same loyalty to their mates as birds, a discovery which may give a better understanding of dinosaur mating.

Contact: Ben Norman
Benorman@wiley.com
44-124-377-0375
Wiley-Blackwell

Public Release: 1-Oct-2009
Powerful lasers, futuristic digital cameras, 3-D television and more
The latest technology in optics and lasers will be on display at the Optical Society's Annual Meeting, Frontiers in Optics, which takes place Oct. 11-15 at the Fairmont San Jose Hotel and the Sainte Claire Hotel in San Jose, Calif.

Contact: Angela Stark
astark@osa.org
202-416-1443
Optical Society of America

Public Release: 1-Oct-2009
Science
Oldest hominid skeleton provides new evidence for human evolution
A Los Alamos National Laboratory geologist is part of an international research team responsible for discovering the oldest nearly intact skeleton of Ardipithecus ramidus, who lived 4.4 million years ago. The discovery reveals the biology of the first stage of human evolution better than anything seen to date.

Contact: James Rickman
jamesr@lanl.gov
505-665-9203
DOE/Los Alamos National Laboratory

Public Release: 29-Sep-2009
PLoS ONE
Rediscovering the dragon's paradise lost
The world's largest living lizard species, the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis), is vulnerable to extinction and yet little is known about its natural history. New research by a team of palaeontologists and archaeologists from Australia, Malaysia and Indonesia, who studied fossil evidence from Australia, Timor, Flores, Java and India, shows that Komodo Dragons most likely evolved in Australia and dispersed westward to Indonesia.
Australian Research Council

Contact: Jen Laloup
jlaloup@plos.org
415-624-1220
Public Library of Science

Public Release: 24-Sep-2009
Current Biology
Scandinavians are descended from Stone Age immigrants
Today's Scandinavians are not descended from the people who came to Scandinavia at the conclusion of the last ice age but, apparently, from a population that arrived later, concurrently with the introduction of agriculture. This is one conclusion of a new study straddling the borderline between genetics and archaeology, which involved Swedish researchers and which has now been published in the journal Current Biology.

Contact: Anders Götherström
anders.gotherstrom@ebc.uu.se
46-739-927-864
Uppsala University

Public Release: 22-Sep-2009
Journal of Quaternary Science
End of an era: New ruling decides the boundaries of Earth's history
After decades of debate an international body of earth scientists has formally agreed to move the boundary dates for the prehistoric Quaternary age by 800,000 years.

Contact: Ben Norman
Benorman@wiley.com
44-124-377-0375
Wiley-Blackwell

Public Release: 17-Sep-2009
Science Express
A tiny tyrannosaur
When you think of Tyrannosaurus rex, a small set of striking physical traits comes to mind: an oversized skull with powerful jaws, tiny forearms and the muscular hind legs of a runner. But, researchers have just unearthed a much smaller tyrannosauroid in China, no more than three meters long, that displays all the same features -- and it predates the T. rex by tens of millions of years.
David and Lucile Packard Foundation, National Geographic Society

Contact: Kathleen Wren
kwren@aaas.org
781-646-1971
American Association for the Advancement of Science

Public Release: 15-Sep-2009
Caistor skeleton mystifies archaeologists
A skeleton, found at one of the most important, but least understood, Roman sites in Britain is puzzling experts from the University of Nottingham.

Contact: Lindsay Brooke
lindsay.brooke@nottingham.ac.uk
44-011-595-15751
University of Nottingham

Public Release: 15-Sep-2009
A rare discovery: An engraved gemstone carrying a portrait of Alexander the Great
A rare and surprising archaeological discovery at Tel Dor: A gemstone engraved with the portrait of Alexander the Great was uncovered during excavations by an archaeological team directed by Dr. Ayelet Gilboa of the University of Haifa and Dr. Ilan Sharon of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. "Despite its miniature dimensions the engraver was able to depict the bust of Alexander on the gem without omitting any of the ruler's characteristics."

Contact: Rachel Feldman
rfeldman@univ.haifa.ac.il
972-482-88722
University of Haifa

Public Release: 13-Sep-2009
Nature
New CO2 data helps unlock the secrets of Antarctic formation
The link between declining CO2 levels in the Earth's atmosphere and the formation of the Antarctic ice caps some 34 million years ago has been confirmed for the first time in a major research study.

Contact: Professor Paul Pearson
PearsonP@cardiff.ac.uk
Cardiff University