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Public Release: 14-May-2008
American Journal of Nursing
Research examines factors in delaying or declining total knee replacement surgery
A study led by Dr. Ann F. Jacobson, associate professor in Kent State's College of Nursing, unveils the reasons why people may initially choose to postpone but ultimately undergo total knee replacement surgery and emphasizes the need for better patient education before and after the procedure. Study results identified four overarching themes in patients' experiences of total knee replacement, which the researchers named "putting up and putting off," "waiting and worrying," "letting go and letting in," and "hurting and hoping."
Contact: Rachel Wenger-Pelosi
rwenger@kent.edu
330-672-8046
Kent State University
Public Release: 13-May-2008
HortScience
Establishing faster-growing, durable football fields
A recent study offers new information that can help schools and contractors get outdoor athletic fields ready for fall sports more quickly.
Contact: Michael W. Neff
mwneff@ashs.org
703-836-4606
American Society for Horticultural Science
Public Release: 13-May-2008
HortTechnology
DNA fingerprinting simplified
Agarose gel electrophoresis? Most teenagers wouldn't have a clue what this scientific term means, but middle school student Andrew Trigiano knows the protocol inside and out. Setting out to compare differences in popular brands of Easter egg dyes, Trigiano's project grew into a full-blown scientific study and set of replicable classroom experiments.
Contact: Michael W. Neff
mwneff@ashs.org
703-836-4606
American Society for Horticultural Science
Public Release: 13-May-2008
Journal of Marriage and Family
Depression and anger can plague recent university graduates: Study
The post-university years can start out tough. The good news: it gets better.
A new University of Alberta study of almost 600 of its graduates (ages 20-29 years old) tracked mental health symptoms in participants for seven years post-graduation and looked at how key events like leaving home and becoming a parent were related to depression and anger. Graduates showed a significant decrease in depressive symptoms over the seven years. Expressed anger also declined over time after graduation, suggesting improved mental health.
Contact: Kris Connor
kris.connor@ualberta.ca
780-492-9214
University of Alberta
Public Release: 13-May-2008
Astronaut health on moon may depend on good dusting
To prepare for a return to the moon, researchers with the National Space Biomedical Research Institute are evaluating how dust deposits in the lungs in reduced gravity in order to assess the health risk of long-term exposure to lunar particles. The findings will influence the design of lunar bases and could also provide benefits for health care on Earth, such as improved delivery of aerosol medications to the lungs.
National Space Biomedical Research Institute
Contact: Brad Thomas
rbthomas@bcm.edu
713-798-7595
National Space Biomedical Research Institute
Public Release: 12-May-2008
Journal of Aging and Health
Memory lane: Older persons with more schooling spend fewer years with cognitive loss
Those with at least a high school education spend more of their older years without cognitive loss -- including the effects of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and dementia -- but die sooner after the loss becomes apparent, reveals a new study appearing in the June 2008 issue of the Journal of Aging and Health.
NIH/National Institute of Aging, Institute for Longevity and Aging, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Contact: Suzanne Wu
suzanne.wu@usc.edu
213-740-0252
University of Southern California
Public Release: 12-May-2008
Journal of Policy Analysis and Management
Borrowers who complete homeownership education programs make better refinancing decisions
In light of the subprime mortgage crisis that has resulted in extraordinarily high default rates on home mortgages, one might wonder what the government can do to better educate new potential homeowners.
Contact: Amy Molnar
amolnar@wiley.com
201-748-8844
Wiley-Blackwell
Public Release: 12-May-2008
Study finds economics helping to change early childhood policy debate
A new RAND Corporation study finds that a growing body of economic research suggests that public investment in early childhood programs may be able to lower public costs for social services by improving children's long-term welfare. Such work is helping to promote a reorientation of child and human services toward investment and prevention, moving away from the current system that seeks to "treat" problems.
Casey Family Programs
Contact: Warren Robak
robak@rand.org
310-451-6913
RAND Corporation
Public Release: 12-May-2008
Face-to-face or Facebook?
Can online networking sites help new students settle into university?
Contact: Dr. Jane Wellens
jw27@le.ac.uk
University of Leicester
Public Release: 12-May-2008
Maths plus 'geeky' images equals deterred students
Images of maths 'geeks' stop people from studying mathematics or using it in later life, shows research funded by the Economic and Social Research Council.
Many students and undergraduates seem to think of mathematicians as old, white, middle-class men who are obsessed with their subject, lack social skills and have no personal life outside maths. The student's views of maths itself included narrow and inaccurate images that are often limited to numbers and basic arithmetic.
Economic and Social Research Council
Contact: Danielle Moore
pressoffice@esrc.ac.uk
01-793-413-122
Economic & Social Research Council
Public Release: 12-May-2008
Neurology
MS can affect children's IQ, thinking skills
Multiple sclerosis typically starts in young adulthood, but about 5 percent of cases start in childhood or the teen years. Children with MS are at risk to exhibit low IQ scores and problems with memory, attention and other thinking skills, according to a study published in the May 13, 2008, issue of Neurology, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology.
Contact: Rachel Seroka
rseroka@aan.com
651-695-2738
American Academy of Neurology
Public Release: 11-May-2008
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research
Binge drinkers have a disconnect between assessing their driving abilities and reality
While many people believe that alcohol-impaired drivers are usually alcoholics, in fact, 80 percent of AI incidents are caused by binge drinkers. A recent study conducted among college students has found that binge drinkers, even when legally intoxicated, nonetheless believe they having adequate driving abilities.
Alcoholic Beverage Medical Research Foundation
Contact: Cecile A. Marczinski, Ph.D.
marczinskc1@nku.edu
859-468-9235
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research
Public Release: 8-May-2008
Games for Health
Computer game's high score could earn the Nobel Prize in medicine
Gamers have devoted countless years of collective brainpower to idle pursuits. This week researchers at the University of Washington will try to harness those finely honed skills to make medical discoveries through a competitive protein-folding computer game.
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Microsoft Corp., Adobe Systems Inc., Nvidia Corp., Intel Corp.
Contact: Hannah Hickey
hickeyh@u.washington.edu
206-543-2580
University of Washington
Public Release: 7-May-2008
University research contributes to global warming
Add university research to the long list of human activities contributing to global warming. Hervé Philippe, a Université de Montréal professor of biochemistry, is a committed environmentalist who found that his own research produces 44 tons of CO2 per year. The average American citizen produces 20 tons.
Contact: Hervé Philippe
herve.philippe@umontreal.ca
514-343-6720
University of Montreal
Public Release: 7-May-2008
Tel Aviv University finds connection between mental fitness and multi-lingualism
Can speaking another language slow the aging process in the mind?
Contact: George Hunka
ghunka@aftau.org
212-742-9070
American Friends of Tel Aviv University
Public Release: 7-May-2008
HortScience
Alternatives to ozone-depleting pesticide studied
In 2000, the widely used pesticide methy bromide was classified as an ozone-depleting substance, and in 2005 MB was banned in the United States and all European Union countries. In response to the need for safe and effective alternatives to methyl bromide, researchers at the Instituto Tecnologico Agrario de Castilla y Leon in Valladolid, Spain, undertook a 3-year project to study new methods of weed control in strawberry nurseries.
Contact: Michael W. Neff
mwneff@ashs.org
703-836-4606
American Society for Horticultural Science
Public Release: 7-May-2008
HortScience
Silicon's effect on sunflowers studied
As the popularity of sunflowers grows among commercial growers and everyday gardeners, scientists are looking for new supplements and growing methods to enhance production and quality of this celebrated annual.
Contact: Michael W. Neff
mwneff@ashs.org
703-836-4606
American Society for Horticultural Science
Public Release: 7-May-2008
HortTechnology
Over the back fence: gardeners get advice from neighbors, friends
Staff at University of Minnesota Extension have published results of a survey that concludes that the majority of backyard gardeners get their planting and plant information informally -- most often from friends, neighbors and local garden centers.
Contact: Michael W. Neff
mwneff@ashs.org
703-836-4606
American Society for Horticultural Science
Public Release: 7-May-2008
Socrates in the classroom develops students' thinking and changes the distribution of power
When students have the opportunity to participate in "Socratic seminars" on a regular basis, a different classroom culture evolves. The students collaborate more and more voices are heard. The students develop their thinking skills in a cooperative and investigative atmosphere. This is shown in a new dissertation in Pedagogy by Ann S. Pihlgren at the Stockholm University in Sweden.
Contact: Jonas Åblad
jonas.ablad@kommunikation.su.se
Swedish Research Council
Public Release: 5-May-2008
New Clorox disinfectant is EPA registered to kill both known types of MRSA
While MRSA has been an issue in health-care settings for years, CA-MRSA outbreaks in the community have been on the rise, with the greatest risk in community settings such as fitness clubs, in sports teams, at schools and daycare centers. In May, the Clorox Co. will launch Clorox Pro Quaternary All-Purpose Disinfectant Cleaner, a disinfectant that is EPA registered to kill germs, including Healthcare-associated and Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA and CA-MRSA).
Contact: Carlisle Campbell
carlisle.campbell@ketchum.com
202-835-9431
Ketchum DC
Public Release: 5-May-2008
Sign Language Studies
'Deaf by God' tried in Old Bailey records
Deaf people on trial were granted the right to an interpreter as early as 1725, according to Old Bailey records examined by UCL (University College London) scientists. The use of family and friends to interpret court proceedings later switched to deaf teachers and eventually written testimony, which may have disadvantaged the less educated "deaf and dumb" at the very time that British Sign Language was emerging.
ESRC
Contact: Jenny Gimpel
44-077-475-65056
University College London
Public Release: 5-May-2008
Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine
Moms have few interactions with their infants during TV time
Infants who are exposed to television and video in low socio-economic households tend to have limited verbal interactions with their mothers, according to a new study led by Alan L. Mendelsohn, M.D., assistant professor of pediatrics and director of clinical research for the divisions of general and developmental-behavioral pediatrics in the department of pediatrics at NYU School of Medicine.
Contact: Pamela McDonnell
pamela.mcdonnell@nyumc.org
NYU Langone Medical Center / New York University School of Medicine
Public Release: 2-May-2008
Closing the achievement gap in math and science
The latest results from the National Science Foundation's Math and Science Partnership program show not only improved proficiency among all elementary and middle school students, but also a closing of the achievement gaps between both African-American and Hispanic students and white students in elementary school math, and between African-American and white students in elementary and middle-school science.
Contact: Maria C. Zacharias
mzachari@nsf.gov
703-292-8070
National Science Foundation
Public Release: 1-May-2008
Journal of Natural Resources & Life Science Education
The sweet world of soil microbiology
Hands-on activities can help instructors to communicate difficult scientific concepts and stimulate student thinking. In the 2008 Journal of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Education, instructors describe a candy exercise used to explain the complexity and importance of the soil microbial world to undergraduates at Oregon State University.
Contact: Sara Uttech
suttech@soils.org
608-268-4948
Soil Science Society of America
Public Release: 1-May-2008
Sleep
A consistent, worldwide association between short sleep duration and obesity
A study published in the May 1 issue of the journal Sleep is the first attempt to quantify the strength of the cross-sectional relationships between duration of sleep and obesity in both children and adults. Cross-sectional studies from around the world show a consistent increased risk of obesity among short sleepers in children and adults, the study found.
Contact: Jim Arcuri
jarcuri@aasmnet.org
708-492-0930
American Academy of Sleep Medicine
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