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Public Release: 20-May-2013
 Arthritis Care & ResearchBlame your parents for bunion woes A novel study reports that white men and women of European descent inherit common foot disorders, such as bunions (hallux valgus) and lesser toe deformities, including hammer or claw toe. Findings from the Framingham Foot Study -- the first to estimate the heritability of foot disorders in humans -- appear in Arthritis Care & Research, a journal published by Wiley on behalf of the American College of Rheumatology. 
NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
Contact: Dawn Peters
Public Release: 19-May-2013
Nature Climate ChangeHeat-related deaths in Manhattan projected to rise Researchers say deaths in Manhattan linked to warming climate may rise some 20 percent by the 2020s, and, in some worst-case scenarios, 90 percent or more by the 2080s. Higher winter temperatures may partially offset heat-related deaths by cutting cold-related mortality -- but even so, annual net temperature-related deaths might go up a third. Contact: Kevin Krajick
Public Release: 19-May-2013
Shifts in global water systems -- markers of a new geological epoch: The Anthropocene A suite of disquieting global phenomena have given rise to the "Anthropocene," a term coined for a new geologic epoch characterized by humanity's growing dominance of the Earth's environment and a planetary transformation as profound as the last epoch-defining event -- the retreat of the glaciers 11,500 years ago. In Germany May 21-24, experts will focus on how to mitigate key factors contributing to extreme damage to the global water system being caused while adapting to the new reality. Contact: Terry Collins
Public Release: 18-May-2013
2013 APA Annual Meeting Neuroscience LettersFor combat veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder, 'fear circuitry' in the brain never rests Chronic trauma can inflict lasting damage to brain regions associated with fear and anxiety.
US Department of Defense
Contact: Lorinda Klein
Public Release: 18-May-2013
2013 APA Annual MeetingKetamine shows significant therapeutic benefit in people with treatment-resistant depression Patients with treatment-resistant major depression saw dramatic improvement in their illness after treatment with ketamine, an anesthetic, according to the largest ketamine clinical trial to date led by researchers from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. The antidepressant benefits of ketamine were seen within 24 hours, whereas traditional antidepressants can take days or weeks to demonstrate a reduction in depression. Contact: Press Office
Public Release: 18-May-2013
Digestive Disease WeekCoffee consumption associated with reduced risk of autoimmune liver disease Research presented today at Digestive Disease WeekŪ explores new discoveries in liver disease research, with findings about the impact of coffee on autoimmune disease and palliative care for cirrhotic patients. Contact: Aimee Frank
Public Release: 18-May-2013
Digestive Disease WeekNew research identifies risks, interventions for children's GI health An increasing number of US children are experiencing gastrointestinal issues that require interventions to resolve, according to research presented at Digestive Disease WeekŪ. Contact: Aimee Frank
Public Release: 17-May-2013
Journal of the American College of SurgeonsMore than one-third of Texas women still receive unnecessary breast biopsy surgery Many women in Texas who are found to have an abnormality on routine mammogram or discover a lump in one of their breasts end up having an old-fashioned surgical biopsy to find out whether the breast abnormality is malignant. Since 2001, national expert panels have recommended that the first course of action for women with breast lumps or masses should be minimally invasive biopsy.
National Institutes of Health, Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas
Contact: Molly J. Dannenmaier
Public Release: 17-May-2013
American Journal of Human BiologyWomen's reproductive ability may be related to immune system status Illinois anthropology professor Kathryn Clancy and her research team at the Laboratory for Evolutionary Endocrinology showed that a woman's reproductive function may be tied to her immune system's status. Contact: Chelsey B. Coombs
Public Release: 17-May-2013
Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual MeetingStudy: Peer-referral programs can increase HIV-testing in emergency departments Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have found that incorporating a peer-referral program for HIV testing into emergency departments can reach new groups of high-risk patients and brings more patients into the health care system for testing.
NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Contact: Katy Cosse
Public Release: 17-May-2013
Journal of PediatricsNew study recommends using active videogaming ('exergaming') to improve children's health Levels of physical inactivity and obesity are very high in children, with fewer than 50 percent of primary school-aged boys and fewer than 28 percent of girls meeting the minimum levels of physical activity required to maintain health. Exergaming, using active console video games that track player movement to control the game, has become popular, and may provide an alternative form of exercise to counteract sedentary behaviors. In a study scheduled for publication in The Journal of Pediatrics, researchers studied the effects of exergaming on children. Contact: Becky Lindeman
Public Release: 17-May-2013
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental ResearchBeer-industry advertising guidelines: Rating panels may help industry assess itself The alcohol industry has developed and regulates its own guidelines regarding advertising. A new study has investigated the ability of panels to find consensus around code violations. Results indicate that a modified Delphi Technique may enhance the ability of regulatory agencies to monitor the content of alcohol-beverage advertising.
NIH/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse
Contact: Thomas F. Babor, Ph.D.
Public Release: 17-May-2013
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental ResearchYouth who have their first drink during puberty have higher levels of later drinking The earlier the age at which youth take their first alcoholic drink, the greater the risk of later alcohol problems. New research examines the influence of puberty on initiation of drinking. Findings indicate that individuals who have their first drink during puberty have higher levels of subsequent drinking than individuals with a post-pubertal drinking onset.
German Research Foundation
Contact: Miriam Schneider, Ph.D.
Public Release: 17-May-2013
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental ResearchCollege women exceed NIAAA drinking guidelines more frequently than college men In 1990, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism issued guidelines that define low-risk drinking, which differ for men and women. New research shows that female college student drinkers exceed NIAAA guidelines for weekly drinking more frequently than their male counterparts.
NIH/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse
Contact: Bettina B. Hoeppner, Ph.D.
Public Release: 17-May-2013
Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental ResearchIndividuals who drink heavily and smoke may show 'early aging' of the brain Alcohol treatment interventions work best when patients understand and are actively involved in the process. A first-of-its-kind study looks at the interactive effects of smoking status and age on neurocognition in one-month-abstinent alcohol dependent (AD) individuals in treatment. Results show that AD individuals who currently smoke have more problems with memory, ability to think quickly and efficiently, and problem-solving skills than those who do not smoke, effects which seem to become greater with increasing age.
National Institutes of Health
Contact: Timothy C. Durazzo, Ph.D.
Public Release: 17-May-2013
EMBO ReportsCorruption influences migration of skilled workers Countries that have higher levels of corruption struggle to attract and retain skilled workers report the authors of a new study published in EMBO reports. Contact: Barry Whyte
Public Release: 16-May-2013
2013 Meeting of the AmericasHow should geophysics contribute to disaster planning? Earthquakes, tsunamis, and other natural disasters often showcase the worst in human suffering -- especially when those disasters strike populations who live in rapidly growing communities in the developing world with poorly enforced or non-existent building codes. This week in Cancun, researchers present a comparison between large-scale earthquakes and tsunamis in different parts of the world, illustrating how nearly identical natural disasters can play out very differently depending on where they strike. Contact: Jason Socrates Bardi
Public Release: 16-May-2013
LancetGlobal health policy fails to address burden of disease on men Men experience a higher burden of disease and lower life expectancy than women, but policies focusing on the health needs of men are notably absent from the strategies of global health organizations, according to a Viewpoint article in this week's Lancet. Contact: David Weston
Public Release: 16-May-2013
Reading the unreadable 'Unopenable' scrolls will yield their secrets to new X-ray system Pioneering X-ray technology is making it possible to read fragile rolled-up historical documents for the first time in centuries. Old parchment is often extremely dry and liable to crack and crumble if any attempt is made to physically unroll or unfold it. The new technology, however, eliminates the need to do so by enabling parchment to be unrolled or unfolded 'virtually' and the contents displayed on a computer screen. Contact: EPSRC Press Release
Public Release: 16-May-2013
Reproductive Biomedicine OnlineBreakthrough for IVF? Elsevier, a world-leading provider of scientific, technical and medical information products and services, today announced the publication of a recent study in Reproductive BioMedicine Online on 5-day old human blastocysts showing that those with an abnormal chromosomal composition can be identified by the rate at which they have developed to blastocysts, thereby classifying the risk of genetic abnormality without a biopsy. Contact: Greyling Peoples
Public Release: 16-May-2013
PLOS ONEWho's your daddy? Many species pair for life, or so the story goes. In reality, there is quite a bit of cheating going on. Both male and female partners may have "affairs" outside the pair bond. In such cases, how is a male to know if the chicks he's feeding are really his? Contact: Dr. Herbert Hoi
Public Release: 16-May-2013
American Journal of Public HealthChange in cycle track policy needed to boost ridership, public health Bicycle engineering guidelines often used by state regulators to design bicycle facilities need to be overhauled to reflect current cyclists' preferences and safety data, according to a new study from Harvard School of Public Health researchers. They say that US guidelines should be expanded to offer cyclists more riding options and call for endorsing cycle tracks -- physically separated, bicycle-exclusive paths adjacent to sidewalks -- to encourage more people of all ages to ride bicycles.
NIH/Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award, Helen and William Mazer Foundation
Contact: Marge Dwyer
Public Release: 16-May-2013
International Communication Association 63rd Annual ConferencePredicting risky sexual behavior A recent study by a team of researchers at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas found that risky sexual behavior can be predicted by cultural, socioeconomic and individual mores in conjunction with how one views themselves. Contact: John Paul Gutierrez
Public Release: 16-May-2013
Scientific insurgents say 'Journal Impact Factors' distort science An ad hoc coalition of unlikely insurgents -- scientists, journal editors and publishers, scholarly societies, and research funders across many scientific disciplines -- today posted an international declaration calling on the world scientific community to eliminate the role of the journal impact factor in evaluating research for funding, hiring, promotion, or institutional effectiveness. Contact: Mark Leader
Public Release: 16-May-2013
Current BiologyFast and painless way to better mental arithmetic? Yes, there might actually be a way In the future, if you want to improve your ability to manipulate numbers in your head, you might just plug yourself in. So say researchers who report in the Cell Press journal Current Biology on May 16 on studies of a harmless form of brain stimulation applied to an area known to be important for math ability. Contact: Mary Beth O'Leary
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