EurekAlert! InContext Modules

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Journal of Infectious Diseases
Mayo Clinic: Rotavirus vaccine given to newborns in Africa is effective
Mayo Clinic and other researchers have shown that a vaccine given to newborns is at least 60 percent effective against rotavirus in Ghana. Rotavirus causes fever, vomiting and diarrhea, which in infants can cause severe dehydration. In developed nations, the condition often results in an emergency room visit or an occasional hospitalization, but is rarely fatal. In developing countries, however, rotavirus-related illness causes approximately 500,000 deaths per year. The findings appear this week in the Journal of Infectious Diseases.

International Medical Foundation

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Royal Society B
Treating infection may have sting in the tail, parasite study shows
Using drugs to treat an infection could allow other co-existing conditions to flourish, a study in wild animals has shown.

Natural Environment Research Council, Wellcome Trust

Public Release: 14-Jun-2013

23rd Scientific Meeting of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH)

European Heart Journal
2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension
Lifestyle factors, lack of awareness by both patients and physicians, hesitancy in initiating and intensifying drug treatment, and healthcare structural deficiencies are amongst the reasons for the increasing problem of high blood pressure in Europe, according to new joint Guidelines issued today by the European Society of Hypertension and the European Society of Cardiology.

Public Release: 13-Jun-2013

Social Science and Medicine
Literacy, not income, key to improving public health in India
New research suggests public health in developing countries may be better improved by reducing illiteracy rather than raising average income.

Public Release: 12-Jun-2013

Blood
New sickle cell anemia therapy advances to Phase II clinical trials
Seeking to improve the lives of sickle cell anemia sufferers around the world, researchers from the La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, the Dana-Farber/Children's Hospital Cancer Center in Boston and the BloodCenter of Wisconsin in Milwaukee and others are preparing to launch Phase II of a clinical trial to investigate a potential new therapy for reducing the disorder's severest symptoms. More than 100,000 Americans and several million people worldwide suffer from this genetic disorder.

NIH/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Public Release: 11-Jun-2013

Paediatrics and International Child Health Journal
Why is my baby hospitalized? Many moms in under-developed countries don't know the answer
The communication gap between moms and providers in low-income countries about why sick newborns are hospitalized puts babies at higher health risks.

University of Michigan GlobalREACH

Public Release: 11-Jun-2013

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Identification of animal disease-transmission agents based on social networks tools
Spanish and US scientists propose a new criterion to identify disease-transmission agents in an article published in the prestigious journal PNAS. Their study could make an important contribution to predicting the species most likely to cause future pandemics.

Public Release: 11-Jun-2013

Fifth International Conference on eHealth, Telemedicine, and Social Medicine
NTU designs social media and web system that can predict dengue hotspots
Researchers at Singapore's Nanyang Technological University have developed a social media-based system called Mo-Buzz that can predict where and when dengue might occur. It combines a web system that taps into historical data on weather and dengue incidents and swift reports by the public on mosquito bites and breeding sites via smart phones and tablets.

Media Development Authority of Singapore

Public Release: 11-Jun-2013

PLOS Medicine
Walking or cycling to work linked to health benefits in India
People in India who walk or cycle to work are less likely to be overweight or obese, have diabetes or high blood pressure, a study has found.

Public Release: 10-Jun-2013

PLOS ONE
Cost-effective: Universal HIV testing in India
A new study using a sophisticated statistical model, projects that providing universal HIV testing for India's billion-plus population every five years would prove to be a cost-effective approach to managing the epidemic, even with more intensive testing for high-risk groups. Results appear in the journal PLoS One.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease

Public Release: 6-Jun-2013
$18 million to study deadly secrets of flu, Ebola, West Nile viruses
In an effort to sort out why some viruses such as influenza, Ebola and West Nile are so lethal, a team of US researchers plans a comprehensive effort to model how humans respond to these viral pathogens.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 6-Jun-2013

American Economic Journal: Applied Economics
Access to health care among Thailand's poor reduces infant mortality
When health care reform in Thailand increased payments to public hospitals for indigent care, more poor people sought medical treatment and infant mortality was reduced, even though the cost of medical care remained free for the poor, a new study shows.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 6-Jun-2013

Lancet
Rapid change in China brings significant improvements in health
In China between 1990 and 2010, communicable disease and child mortality decreased while life expectancy increased. But China faces significant challenges. The top five causes of health loss are dietary risks, high blood pressure, tobacco use, ambient air pollution, and household air pollution. Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer increased in the past 20 years. China has five cancers in its top 15 causes of premature mortality, more than any G20 country.

Public Release: 6-Jun-2013

Cell
Spanish researchers writing in cell describe the 9 hallmarks of aging
The prestigious journal Cell is now publishing an exhaustive review of the subject that aims to set things straight and "serve as a framework for future studies." All the molecular indicators of aging in mammals -- the nine signatures that mark the advance of time -- are set out in its pages. And the authors also indicate which can be acted upon in order to prolong life, while debunking a few myths like the belief that antioxidants can delay aging.

Public Release: 5-Jun-2013
10 years of health innovation in Africa
Days after two landmark resolutions were adopted at the World Health Assembly -- on NTDs and on R&D, financing and coordination for the health needs of developing countries -- over 400 scientists, representatives and ministers of health, ambassadors, national control program representatives, African regulators, health workers, public health experts, and activists from 21 African countries and from around the world gather in Nairobi to take stock of health innovation for neglected diseases in Africa over the past decade.

Public Release: 5-Jun-2013

PLOS ONE
University of Maryland School of Medicine finds gut bacteria play key role in vaccination
The bacteria that live in the human gut may play an important role in immune response to vaccines and infection by wild-type enteric organisms, according to two recent studies resulting from a collaborative effort between the University of Maryland School of Medicine Institute for Genome Sciences and the Center for Vaccine Development.

National Institutes of Health, NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, US Department of Health and Human Services

Public Release: 5-Jun-2013

Nature
Researchers reveal malaria's deadly grip
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen, in collaboration with Seattle Biomedical Research Institute, the University of Oxford, NIMR Tanzania and Retrogenix Ltd., have identified how malaria parasites growing inside red blood cells stick to the sides of blood vessels in severe cases of malaria. The discovery may advance the development of vaccines or drugs to combat severe malaria by stopping the parasites attaching to blood vessels. The results are now published in the scientific journal Nature.

Public Release: 4-Jun-2013
Fund launched to support research for health in humanitarian crises
A program to support research that will save lives following a humanitarian crisis is being launched by Enhancing Learning and Research for Humanitarian Assistance, supported by the Wellcome Trust and the Department for International Development.

Wellcome Trust

Public Release: 4-Jun-2013

CLEO: 2013 - the Premier International Laser and Electro-Optics Event
Detecting disease with a smartphone accessory
Engineers from Cornell University have created a new optical sensor that plugs in to a smartphone and, using disposable microfluidic chips, allows for inexpensive in-the-field diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma, a cancer linked to AIDS.

Public Release: 3-Jun-2013

PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Mosquitoes reared in cooler temperatures more susceptible to viruses that can affect human health
Virginia Tech scientists have discovered mosquitoes reared in cooler temperatures have weaker immune systems, making them more susceptible to dangerous viruses and thus more likely to transmit diseases to people. The finding may have a bearing on urban epidemics resulting from viral diseases, such as West Nile fever and chikungunya fever, which are transmitted by infected mosquitoes.

Public Release: 3-Jun-2013
12 million mosquito nets and innovative thinking make Ghana malaria partnership a success
In a report to be released this month, the Promoting Malaria Prevention and Treatment Project will describe an innovative model for distributing over 12 million mosquito nets to prevent the transmission of malaria in Ghana.

US Agency for International Development

Public Release: 3-Jun-2013

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
New kind of antibiotic may be more effective at fighting tuberculosis, anthrax, and other diseases
Diseases such as tuberculosis, anthrax, and shigellosis -- a severe food-borne illness -- eventually could be treated with an entirely new and more-effective kind of antibiotic, say scientists who found 46 previously untested molecules that target and disrupt an important step in the process of protein synthesis in bacteria. These molecules render bacteria incapable of replicating.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 31-May-2013
Saint Louis University expands research to treat deadly childhood disease
Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death for young children around the world, killing more than 2,000 children under five each day. A grant from PATH's Drug Development program, established through an affiliation with OneWorld Health, is funding research at Saint Louis University's Center for World Health and Medicine for new medications to treat this global health problem.

PATH, OneWorld Health

Public Release: 30-May-2013
No need to battle with cattle
A new study by the Wildlife Conservation Society's Animal & Human Health for the Environment And Development Program, World Wildlife Fund, and regional partners finds that a new approach to beef production in southern Africa could positively transform livelihoods for farmers and pastoralists, while helping to secure a future for wildlife and wildlife-based tourism opportunities.

Public Release: 30-May-2013

CLEO: 2013 - the Premier International Laser and Electro-Optics Event
New single virus detection techniques for faster disease diagnosis
Two independent teams have developed new optics-based methods for determining the exact viral load of a sample by counting individual virus particles. These new methods are faster and cheaper than standard tests and they offer the potential to conduct the measurements in a medical office or hospital instead of a laboratory.


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