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Showing releases 1-25 out of 3164.

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Public Release: 4-Dec-2012
IEEE Workshop on Spoken Language Technology
Smartphones might soon develop emotional intelligence
If you think having your phone identify the nearest bus stop is cool, wait until it identifies your mood. New research by a team of engineers at the University of Rochester may soon make that possible. At the IEEE Workshop on Spoken Language Technology on Dec. 5, the researchers will describe a new computer program that gauges human feelings through speech, with substantially greater accuracy than existing approaches.
National Institutes of Health

Contact: Leonor Sierra
lsierra@ur.rochester.edu
585-276-6264
University of Rochester

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Kessler Foundation marks 20th Anniversary of International Day of Persons with Disabilities
Through rehabilitation research and training, Kessler Foundation collaborates with partners here and abroad to further this year's focus of the UN's International Day of Persons with Disabilities -- to remove barriers to create an inclusive and accessible society for all. Collaborative rehabilitation research with partners in Europe and Asia and postgraduate training for scientists from around the world, extends its rehabilitation research in cognition and mobility.
NIH/National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research, National MS Society

Contact: Carolann Murphy
CMurphy@kesslerfoundation.org
973-324-8382
Kessler Foundation

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Epidemiology
Declining air pollution levels continue to improve life expectancy in US
A new study led by researchers at Harvard School of Public Health has found an association between reductions in fine particulate matter and improved life expectancy in 545 counties in the US from 2000 to 2007.
US Environmental Protection Agency, National Institutes of Health

Contact: Todd Datz
tdatz@hsph.harvard.edu
617-432-8413
Harvard School of Public Health

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Social Science and Medicine
Baby's health is tied to mother's value for family
The value that an expectant mother places on family--regardless of the reality of her own family situation--predicts the birthweight of her baby and whether the child will develop asthma symptoms three years later, according to new research from USC.
National Science Foundation, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: Robert Perkins
perkinsr@usc.edu
213-740-9226
University of Southern California

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
ACS Nano
Multitasking plasmonic nanobubbles kill some cells, modify others
Researchers at Rice University have found a way to kill some diseased cells and treat others in the same sample at the same time. The process activated by a pulse of laser light leaves neighboring healthy cells untouched.
National Institutes of Health

Contact: David Ruth
david@rice.edu
713-348-6327
Rice University

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Proceedings of the National Acadamy of Sciences
Plant organ development breakthrough
Plants grow upward from a tip of undifferentiated tissue called the shoot apical meristem -- some cells eventually differentiating into leaves and flowers. Because each plant's form and shape is determined by organ formation and organ boundary creation, elucidating the underlying mechanisms that govern these functions could help scientists design the architecture of crop plants to better capture light and ultimately produce more crop yield with less input.
National Institutes of Health

Contact: Zhiyong Wang
zywang24@stanford.edu
650-739-4205
Carnegie Institution

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
PLOS ONE
Kansas State University research shows iron's importance in infection, suggests new therapies
A Kansas State University research team has resolved a 40-year-old debate on the role of iron acquisition in bacterial invasion of animal tissues. The findings suggest new approaches against bacterial disease and new strategies for antibiotic development.
National Institutes of Health

Contact: Phillip Klebba
peklebba@k-state.edu
785-532-6121
Kansas State University

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Journal of American College Health
College students report low flu vaccine rate
College football and basketball games may provide more than a way for students to show school spirit -- they could help prevent the flu. According to a new study by researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, colleges and universities should implement new or improved influenza vaccine strategies, such as giving flu shots at sporting events or during campus-wide, day-long campaigns, to increase the number of their students who get the annual flu vaccine.
NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

Contact: Marguerite Beck
marbeck@wakehealth.edu
336-716-2415
Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Novel antibodies for combating Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease
Antibodies developed by researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute are unusually effective at preventing the formation of toxic protein particles linked to Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as Type 2 diabetes, according to a new study.
National Science Foundation, American Health Assistance Foundation, Pew Charitable Trust, National Institutes of Health

Contact: Michael Mullaney
mullam@rpi.edu
518-276-6161
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Clinical Psychological Science
Research explores markers of depression from childhood to adulthood
Although several studies have followed the course of depression throughout the lifespan, the characteristics of depression at different developmental stages haven't been clearly identified. New research published in Clinical Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, presents a unique longitudinal investigation of depression across four critical developmental periods from childhood to adulthood.
NIH/National Institute of Mental Health, NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse

Contact: Anna Mikulak
amikulak@psychologicalscience.org
202-293-9300
Association for Psychological Science

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Genes & Development
'Junk DNA' drives embryonic development
Researchers at Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute discovered that microRNAs play an important role in embryonic development. The study, published in the journal Genes & Development, pinpoints two microRNA families that direct the allocation of cells into the three germ layers -- ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm -- that give rise to all tissues and organs in the body.
California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, National Institutes of Health, American Heart Association

Contact: Heather Buschman, Ph.D.
hbuschman@sanfordburnham.org
858-795-5343
Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute

Public Release: 3-Dec-2012
Health Affairs
Mexican immigrants to the US not as healthy as believed, study finds
Immigrants who come to the United States from Mexico arrive with a significant amount of undiagnosed disease, particularly diabetes, tempering previous findings that immigrants are generally healthier than native-born residents, according to a new study. But even after undiagnosed disease is taken into account, recent immigrants are still healthier than native-born residents.
National Institutes of Health

Contact: Warren Robak
robak@rand.org
310-451-6913
RAND Corporation

Public Release: 2-Dec-2012
Nature Chemical Biology
Glowing fish shed light on metabolism
A tiny, translucent zebrafish that glows green when its liver makes glucose has helped an international team of researchers identify a compound that regulates whole-body metabolism and appears to protect obese mice from signs of metabolic disorders.
National Institutes of Health and by a grant from the American Heart Association

Contact: Jason Socrates Bardi
jason.bardi@ucsf.edu
415-502-4608
University of California - San Francisco

Public Release: 2-Dec-2012
Nature Genetics
Cell surface transporters exploited for cancer drug delivery
According to Whitehead Institute researchers, a protein known as monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), which is highly expressed in a subset of metabolically altered cancer cells, is needed for the entry of the investigational cancer drug 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) into malignant cells. This work may open a new avenue for cancer therapeutic research, as other transport molecules have already been identified on the surface of certain cancer cells.
National Institutes of Health, David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Jane Coffin Childs Fund, National Science Foundation

Contact: Nicole Rura
rura@wi.mit.edu
617-258-6851
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research

Public Release: 2-Dec-2012
Nature Genetics
Scientists find 'bully' genes in common childhood tumor
In a genome sequencing study of 74 neuroblastoma tumors in children, scientists at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia found that patients with changes in two genes, ARID1A and ARID1B, survive only a quarter as long as patients without the changes. The discovery could eventually lead to early identification of patients with aggressive neuroblastomas who may need additional treatments.
St. Baldrick's Foundation, NIH/National Cancer Institute

Contact: Vanessa Wasta
wasta@jhmi.edu
410-614-2916
Johns Hopkins Medicine

Public Release: 2-Dec-2012
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology
Scientists at Scripps Research Institute discover how 2 proteins help keep cells healthy
Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute have determined how two proteins help create organelles, or specialized subunits within a cell, that play a vital role in maintaining cell health. This discovery opens the door for research on substances that could interfere with the formation of these organelles and lead to new therapies for cancer.
National Institutes of Health, Japan Science and Technology Agency

Contact: Mika Ono
mikaono@scripps.edu
858-784-2052
Scripps Research Institute

Public Release: 2-Dec-2012
Nature Genetics
Genes linked to low birth weight, adult shortness and later diabetes risk
An international team of genetics researchers has discovered four new gene regions that contribute to low birth weight. Three of those regions influence adult metabolism, and appear to affect longer-term outcomes such as adult height, risk of type 2 diabetes and adult blood pressure. The cumulative effect of the genes is equivalent to the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy.
National Institutes of Health, Wellcome Trust, Medical Research Council, and others

Contact: John Ascenzi
Ascenzi@email.chop.edu
267-426-6055
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Public Release: 2-Dec-2012
Nature Genetics
New gene-sequencing tools offer clues to highest-risk form of a childhood cancer
Using powerful gene-analysis tools, researchers have discovered mutations in two related genes, ARID1A and ARID1B, that are involved in the most aggressive form of the childhood cancer neuroblastoma. While these findings do not immediately improve clinical treatments, they identify a novel pathway that is defective in these cancers, a pathway that scientists can now study to develop potential new therapies.
St. Baldrick's Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Children's Oncology Group, and others

Contact: Rachel Salis-Silverman
Salis@email.chop.edu
267-426-6063
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Public Release: 1-Dec-2012
Journal of Thoracic Oncology
Lung cancer patients with pockets of resistance prolong disease control by 'weeding the garden'
This study of 65 patients showed that continuing either crizotinib or erlotinib after the treatment of resistant pockets with focused radiation ("weeding the garden") was associated with more than half a year of additional cancer control.
NIH/National Cancer Institute

Contact: Garth Sundem
garth.sundem@ucdenver.edu
University of Colorado Denver

Public Release: 30-Nov-2012
NeuroImage
In schizophrenia patients, auditory cues sound bigger problems
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and the VA San Diego Healthcare System have found that deficiencies in the neural processing of simple auditory tones can evolve into a cascade of dysfunctional information processing across wide swaths of the brain in patients with schizophrenia.
NIH/National Institute of Mental Health, US Department of Veteran Affairs, Mitsubishi Pharma Research

Contact: Scott LaFee
slafee@ucsd.edu
619-543-6163
University of California - San Diego

Public Release: 30-Nov-2012
Lancet
Emerging vector-borne diseases create new public health challenges
West Nile virus, Lyme disease, dengue fever, and plague are examples of "vector-borne zoonotic diseases," caused by pathogens that naturally infect wildlife and are transmitted to humans by vectors such as mosquitoes or ticks. Land-use change, globalization of trade and travel, and social upheaval are driving the emergence of such diseases in many regions.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: Tim Stephens
stephens@ucsc.edu
831-459-2495
University of California - Santa Cruz

Public Release: 30-Nov-2012
Genetics
Native Americans and Northern Europeans more closely related than previously thought
Using genetic analysis, scientists have discovered that Northern European populations descend from a mixture of two very different ancestral populations, and one of these populations is related to Native Americans. This discovery helps fill gaps in scientific understanding of both Native American and Northern European ancestry, while providing an explanation for some genetic similarities among what would otherwise seem to be very divergent groups.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: Phyllis Edelman
pedelman@genetics-gsa.org
301-634-7302
Genetics Society of America

Public Release: 30-Nov-2012
PLOS One
Researchers discover how C. diff red lines immune response
Virginia Tech researchers have discovered how a common diarrhea-causing bacterium sends the body's natural defenses into overdrive, actually intensifying illness while fighting infection. Using computational and mathematical modeling in combination with RNA-sequencing and mouse studies, scientists examined an important regulatory pathway during Clostridium difficile infection. They found the severity of the C. difficile infection can be reduced by using an existing diabetes drug. More studies are needed before the drug can be tested in patients.
NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Contact: Tiffany Trent
ttrent@vt.edu
540-231-6822
Virginia Tech

Public Release: 30-Nov-2012
PLOS ONE
Electrically spun fabric offers dual defense against pregnancy, HIV
Electrically spun cloth with nanometer-sized fibers show promise as a cheap, versatile platform to simultaneously offer contraception and prevent HIV. New funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation will further test the system's versatility and feasibility.
National Institutes of Health, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

Contact: Hannah Hickey
hickeyh@uw.edu
206-543-2580
University of Washington

Public Release: 29-Nov-2012
Tobacco Control
As cigarette taxes go up, heavy smoking goes down
When cigarette taxes rise, hard-core smokers are more likely than lighter smokers to cut back, according to new research from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.
National Center for Research Resources, National Institute on Drug Abuse, NIH/Roadmap for Medical Research

Contact: Judy Martin
martinju@wustl.edu
314-286-0105
Washington University School of Medicine

Showing releases 1-25 out of 3164.

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