EurekAlert! - National Institutes of Health

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Public Release: 3-Sep-2009

Obesity
That late-night snack: Worse than you think
Eat less, exercise more. Now there is new evidence to support adding another "must" to the weight-loss mantra: eat at the right time of day. A Northwestern University study has found that eating at irregular times -- the equivalent of the middle of the night for humans, when the body wants to sleep -- influences weight gain. This is the first causal evidence linking meal timing and increased weight gain.

NIH/National Institute on Aging, NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute

Public Release: 3-Sep-2009

PLoS Pathogens
How to improve vaccines to trigger T cell as well as antibody response
Most successful vaccines stimulate antibodies that attack and kill viruses as they scoot from one cell to another. But what about viruses and other pathogens that never leave the cell? A new theory of how the immune system recognizes pathogens suggests ways to make vaccines that trigger both antibodies and a T cell response, targeting extracellular as well as intracellular pathogens. UC Berkeley and Aduro BioTech scientists report results supporting new hypothesis.

NIH/ National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Public Release: 3-Sep-2009

Cell
Gene called flower missing link in vesicle uptake in neurons
As part of synaptic transmission from one neuron to the next, bubbles containing neurotransmitters that make information exchange possible, travel to the tip of neurons, where they fuse with the cell's membrane. The extra membrane is captured in a process called endocytosis and recycled to enable the next cycle. Exocytosis must be tightly coupled with endocytosis to sustain rapid neurotransmission, said researchers from Baylor College of Medicine in a report in the journal Cell.

NIH/National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, BCM Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Howard Hughes Medical Institute

Public Release: 2-Sep-2009
Fox Chase Cancer Center receives $8 million NIH grant to expand laboratory animal research facility
The Fox Chase Cancer Center has received an $8 million grant from the National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health to expand their laboratory animal research facility. The new facility will support advanced research into the fundamental biological processes underlying cancer, opening the way for the development of new treatments. The funds for the grant were made available through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.

NIH/National Center for Research Resources

Public Release: 2-Sep-2009

Blood
Study results promise faster recovery from life-threatening blood cell shortages
A key compound resupplies bone marrow with fast-acting stem cells that can more quickly rekindle blood cell production, according to a study published online today in the journal Blood. While the study was in mice, in the study authors say it has the potential to increase survival among patients with life-threatening blood cell shortages.

NIH/National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009
UIC researcher heads $10M grant to tackle Alzheimer's disease mystery
A researcher at the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine has been awarded more than $9.8 million to head a five-year National Institute on Aging Program Project Grant.

NIH/National Institute on Aging

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
Mayo researchers find gene that contributes to 2 different, common neurological movement disorders
Researchers at the Mayo Clinic campus in Florida and their collaborators worldwide have discovered that a single gene promotes development of essential tremor in some patients and Parkinson's disease in others. These are two common but distinct neurological disorders. Notably, patients with essential tremor shake when they move, and Parkinson's disease patients shake when they are at rest.

NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Mayo Foundation Research Committee

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009
MSU researchers use newborn blood data to study cerebral palsy
A statewide team of researchers led by a Michigan State University epidemiologist are hoping Michigan's archive of newborn blood spots will help them uncover the causes of cerebral palsy, the most common disabling motor disorder in children with annual health costs of $12 billion.

NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009

Annals of Epidemiology
Waist-hip ratio better than BMI for gauging obesity in elderly
Body mass index readings may not be the best gauge of obesity in older adults, according to new research from UCLA endocrinologists and geriatricians. Instead, they say, the ratio of waist size to hip size may be a better indicator when it comes to those over 70. Obesity is often associated with premature mortality because it leads to an increased risk of diabetes, heart attack, stroke and other major health problems.

NIH/National Institute on Aging

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009

PLoS Currents
H1N1 pandemic virus does not mutate into 'superbug' in UMd lab study
In the first study to examine how the H1N1 pandemic virus interacts with other flu strains, laboratory research by the University of Maryland found no evidence of "reassortment" to form a more virulent "superbug," but did demonstrate the heightened communicability of the pandemic form responsible for the so-called swine flu. The pandemic virus prevailed over and out-competed the other strains in ferrets, reproducing, on average, twice as much.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009

American Journal of Physiology: Reg, Integrative & Comp Physiology
How alcohol blunts the ability of hamsters to 'rise and shine'
Chronic alcohol consumption blunts the biological clock's ability to synchronize daily activities to light, disrupts natural activity patterns and continues to affect the body's clock (circadian rhythm), even days after the drinking ends, according to a new study with hamsters. The research provides a way to study human alcoholism using an animal model.

NIH/National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009

Journal of General Internal Medicine
Patient-doctor communication is worse for blacks than for whites, study finds
Black patients with high blood pressure experience poorer communication with their doctors than white patients do, a study led by a University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill researcher has found.

NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009

Developmental Psychology
Impact of positive parenting can last for generations
A new study that looks at data on three generations of Oregon families shows that "positive parenting" -- including factors such as warmth, monitoring children's activities, involvement and consistency of discipline -- not only has positive impacts on adolescents, but on the way they parent their own children.

NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse

Public Release: 1-Sep-2009

JAMA
New report describes types of research conducted at academic medical centers
A study from the Massachusetts General Hospital Institute for Health Policy gives the first detailed look at the types of research currently being conducted within US academic medical centers -- medical schools and their affiliated hospitals.

NIH/National Human Genome Research Institute

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009

Pediatrics
Parents play key role in whether teen tobacco use becomes a daily habit
Researchers have found new evidence showing that parents play a key role in whether or not their adolescent children who experiment with tobacco progress to become daily smokers before they graduate from high school.

NIH/National Insitute on Drug Abuse

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009

Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association
Carbon monoxide linked to heart problems in elderly
Exposure to carbon monoxide, even at levels well below national limits, is associated with an increased risk of hospitalization for the elderly with heart problems, according to a study published today in Circulation: Journal of the American Heart Association.

US Environmental Protection Agency, NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009

Psychosomatic Medicine
Breast cancer intervention reduces depression, inflammation
A psychological intervention for newly diagnosed breast cancer patients with symptoms of depression both relieves patients' depression and lowers indicators of inflammation in the blood. The new study by Ohio State University cancer researchers involves patients with stage II or III breast cancer. Patients who received a psychological therapy that reduced stress and enhanced their ability to cope experienced significant relief of depressive symptoms, followed by a reduction in markers of inflammation.

American Cancer Society, Longaberger Company-American Cancer Society Grant, US Army, NIH/National Institute for Mental Health, NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
New asthma predictors needed to determine future risk in certain patients
Screening tests used to predict asthma activity in patients may have little tracking success when applied to people with persistent disease who are adhering to their health care regimens, UT Southwestern Medical Center physician report.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009
VBI researcher receives NIH Recovery Act funding for infectious disease modeling
A researcher from the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute at Virginia Tech has received a grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences to support ongoing work to develop high-performance computer models for the study of very large networks. Simulations of large networks on high-performance computers can be used to study the emergence and spread of infectious diseases, such as H1N1 influenza

NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009

International Journal of Cancer
Natural compounds, chemotherapeutic drugs may become partners in cancer therapy
Research in the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University suggests that some natural food compounds, which previously have been studied for their ability to prevent cancer, may be able to play a more significant role in treating it -- working side-by-side with the conventional drugs that are now used in chemotherapy.

NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009
Family stability may be more crucial than 2 parents for child success
The advantage that children get from living in two-parent families may actually be due to family stability more than the fact that their parents are married. A new study finds that children who who are born and grow up in stable single-parent homes generally do as well as those in married households in terms of academic abilities and behavior problems.

NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009
Rhode Island Hospital awarded $11 million, 5-year renewal
Rhode Island Hospital has received an $11 million renewal of a National Institutes of Health grant to fund its Center of Biomedical Research Excellence Center for Cancer Research Development. Rhode Island Hospital's COBRE CCRD offers cancer researchers access to the latest technologies in molecular pathology and the emerging field of proteomics. The 5-year grant from the NIH's National Center for Research Resources guarantees that the laboratory-based cancer research program will continue through the year 2013.

NIH/National Center for Research Resources

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009

Journal of National Cancer Institute
Family, friends may impact breast cancer surgery decision, U-M study finds
About three-quarters of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer have a friend or family member with them at their first visit with a surgeon. And that person plays a significant role in the patient's decision of what type of surgery to have, according to a new study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center.

NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009

Annals of Internal Medicine
New assessment quantifies risks and benefits of warfarin treatment for atrial fibrillation
Warfarin therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation -- the most common type of significant heart rhythm disorder -- appears to be most beneficial for the oldest patients, those who have had a prior stroke and for patients with multiple risk factors for stroke.

NIH/National Institute on Aging, NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Eliot B. and Edith C. Shoolman Fund

Public Release: 31-Aug-2009

AIDS and Behavior
High HIV infection rate among Soweto Township gays
The study's authors were the first to examine HIV and the community of men who have sex with men in the Soweto Township, an area on the periphery of Johannesburg reserved for black South Africans during apartheid. The researchers found that Soweto MSM identified themselves as straight, bisexual or gay, with the highest HIV rate among gay identified men, at 33.9 percent.

NIH/National Institute of Mental Health, Peninsula Community Foundation's Hurlbut-Johnson Fund

Showing releases 301-325 out of 615 releases.
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