EurekAlert! - National Institutes of Health

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Public Release: 1-Jul-2009

New England Journal of Medicine
U of Minnesota finds treatment that significantly slows progression of eye damage in persons with type 1 diabetes
University of Minnesota Medical School researcher Michael Mauer, M.D., has found a treatment that significantly slows the progression of eye injury in people with type 1 diabetes, a common complication caused by this disease. By administering an antihypertensive, medication commonly prescribed to treat high blood pressure, Mauer and colleagues were able to slow progression of diabetic eye damage in more than 65 percent of participants involved in the study.

NIH/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Merck, Merck Frosst, Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Public Release: 1-Jul-2009
Siblings target of intervention program
"Siblings are Special," a pilot prevention program targeting fifth graders and their younger siblings, recently received $1.45 million from the National Institute on Drug Abuse as part of the National Institutes of Health's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act funding. The award is for two years.

NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act

Public Release: 1-Jul-2009

Nature
Study shows that a combination of common genetic variations can lead to schizophrenia
The finding suggests that schizophrenia is much more complex than previously thought, and can arise not only from both rare genetic variants but also from a significant number of common ones.

NIH/National Institutes of Mental Health, Sylvan C. Herman Foundation, Stanley Medical Research Institute

Public Release: 1-Jul-2009

Clinical Cancer Research
Study identifies biomarker that safely monitors tumor response to new brain cancer treatment
A specific biomarker, a protein released by dying tumor cells, has been identified as an effective tool in an animal model to gauge the response to a novel gene therapy treatment for glioblastoma mulitforme.

NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bram and Elaine Goldsmith and the Medallions Group Endowed Chairs in Gene Therapeutics, Linda Tallen and David Paul Kane Foundation, Board of Governors at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

Public Release: 30-Jun-2009
Using the Internet to help young smokers quit
The University of Illinois at Chicago is leading a $2.9 million National Cancer Institute project to increase demand for evidence-based, Internet-based smoking cessation treatment among young adults.

NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 30-Jun-2009

Langmuir
New lab-on-a-chip measures mechanics of bacteria colonies
Researchers at the University of Michigan have devised a microscale tool to help them understand the mechanical behavior of biofilms, slimy colonies of bacteria involved in most human infectious diseases.

National Institutes of Health, NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences

Public Release: 30-Jun-2009
Caregivers may benefit from adult day care
Caring for an elderly family member can be stressful and can pose health threats to caregiver givers. Steven Zarit, professor and head, department of human development and family studies, Penn State, received a $3 million grant from the National Institute on Aging to study the effects of caregiving on familial caregivers.

NIH/National Insitute on Aging

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009

Genome Research
Novel epigenetic markers of melanoma may herald new treatments for patients
Melanoma is the most serious form of skin cancer, diagnosed in more than 50,000 new patients in the United States annually. As incidences continue to rise, the race is on to find the genetic and cellular changes driving melanoma, and to devise new means of detection and treatment. In a study published online in Genome Research, scientists have found new epigenetic markers that will help develop more effective treatment strategies to fight this disease.

NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment
Brain functions that can prevent relapse improve after a year of methamphetamine abstinence
In a study published online by the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, UC Davis researchers report that it takes at least a year for former methamphetamine users to regain impulse control. The results tell recovering substance abusers, their families and drug-treatment specialists that it can take an extended period of time for the brain functions critical to recovery to improve.

NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009

American Journal of Neuroradiology
UNC study: Aerobic activity may keep the brain young
In a UNC study, to be published July 9 in the American Journal of Neuroradiology, physically active elderly people showed healthier cerebral blood vessels than those who are not active.

NIH/National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009

Nature Biotechnology
New biomarker method could increase the number of diagnostic tests for cancer
A team of researchers, including several from UCSF, has demonstrated that a new method for detecting and quantifying protein biomarkers in body fluids may ultimately make it possible to screen multiple biomarkers in hundreds of patient samples, thus ensuring that only the strongest biomarker candidates will advance down the development pipeline.

NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009
IU School of Optometry named national vision research center
A group of scientists working in Indiana University's school of optometry and the department of biology will share more than $2.2 million from the National Institutes of Health to support their ongoing vision research.

NIH/National Eye Institute

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009

Pediatrics
Teens who believe they'll die young are more likely to engage in risky behavior, University of Minnesota research finds
University of Minnesota Medical School researcher Iris Borowsky, M.D., Ph.D., and colleagues found that one in seven adolescents believe that it is highly likely that they will die before age 35, and this belief predicted that the adolescents' would engage in risky behaviors.

NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development

Public Release: 26-Jun-2009
$2.25 million grant to help unravel the effects of early child abuse
This summer, the University of Rochester's Mt. Hope Family Center will begin a large-scale, comprehensive study of the effects of child abuse. Funded by the National Institute of Mental Health, the five-year, $2.25 million research project aims to understand how a complex host of factors -- from genetics and family environment to hormonal regulation, personality traits, and brain activity -- influence the well-being and mental health of children who have experienced child maltreatment.

NIH/National Institute of Mental Health

Public Release: 26-Jun-2009

Science
Trio of signals converge to induce liver and pancreas cell development in the embryo
Understanding the molecular signals that guide early cells in the embryo to develop into different organs provides insight into ways that tissues regenerate and how stem cells can be used for new therapies. In a new study, published this week in Science, researchers investigated a trio of cell-signaling pathways that work simultaneously, converging to direct pancreas and liver progenitor cells to mature into their final state.

NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH/National Institute for Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Disorders