EurekAlert! - National Institutes of Health

Showing releases 576-600 out of 611 releases.
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Public Release: 8-Jun-2009
Researchers work to boost effectiveness of the flu vaccine
Vaccines intended to help the body to fight off the flu bug may actually give the bug an edge, researchers say.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Public Release: 8-Jun-2009

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Researchers identify structure of bacteria responsible for traveler's diarrhea
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine, the Naval Medical Research Center and the National Institutes of Health, have solved the structure of thin hair-like fibers called "pili" or "fimbriae" on the surface of bacteria that cause traveler's diarrhea. The findings, appear in the June issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, and have important implications for creating better therapeutics against diarrheal diseases.

NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIH/National Cancer Institute, US Army, Henry M. Jackson Foundation

Public Release: 8-Jun-2009

Cancer
Many breast cancer patients take high doses of antioxidants despite possible consequences
A new study finds that many women with breast cancer take antioxidant supplements while undergoing cancer treatment, even though the consequences of doing so are unknown.

Lance Armstrong Foundation, NIH/National Cancer Institute, NIH/National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences

Public Release: 7-Jun-2009

Nature
Recruitment of reproductive features into other cell types may underlie extended lifespan in animals
Massachusetts General Hospital researchers have found that certain genetic mutations known to extend the lifespan of the C. elegans roundworm induce "mortal" somatic cells to express some of the genes that allow the "immortality" of reproductive germline cells.

National Institutes of Health, NIH/National Institute on Aging, European Molecular Biology Organization, Human Frontier Science Program

Public Release: 5-Jun-2009

Nature Medicine
Fatty foods -- not empty stomach -- fire up hunger hormone
New research led by the University of Cincinnati suggests that the hunger hormone ghrelin is activated by fats from the foods we eat -- not those made in the body -- in order to optimize nutrient metabolism and promote the storage of body fat.

Leibniz Graduate College, NIH/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Public Release: 4-Jun-2009
Jefferson receives $1.7 million grant to study stem cells in intervertebral discs of the spine
Scientists at Jefferson Medical College have received a five-year, $1.7 million National Institutes of Health grant funded by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases to study mechanisms regulating stem cell self-renewal and differentiation with the aim of regenerating diseased and painful intervertebral discs.

NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases

Public Release: 4-Jun-2009

Nature
Penn study demonstrates new way to boost immune memory
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine researchers have found that a common anti-diabetic drug might enhance the effectiveness of preventive cancer vaccines.

NIH/National Cancer Institute, Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Public Release: 4-Jun-2009

Journal of Animal Ecology
Midge keeps invasive mosquito in check, aiding native mosquitoes
The larvae of a tiny fly can influence the fate of native and invasive mosquitoes, with implications for human health.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Science Foundation

Public Release: 4-Jun-2009

Cell Immunity
Autoinflammatory disease model reveals role for innate, not adaptive, immunity
Researchers at the University of California -- San Diego School of Medicine have developed the first mouse model for autoinflammatory diseases, disorders that involve the over-activation of the body's innate, primitive immune system. Their study, published early online in Cell Immunity on June 4, suggests that the innate -- not adaptive -- immune system drives autoinflammatory diseases. The findings could open new therapeutic directions for research into disorders such as gout or inflammatory bowel disease.

National Institutes of Health, NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Regeneron, Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Public Release: 3-Jun-2009

American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting
Brain irradiation in lung cancer
A national Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study led by a Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center physician at Froedtert Hospital in Milwaukee has found that a course of radiation therapy to the brain after treatment for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer reduced the risk of metastases to the brain within the first year after treatment. The study was presented at the American Society of Clinical Oncology annual meeting in Orlando, June 1.

NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 3-Jun-2009

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Oxygen + MRI might help determine cancer therapy success, researchers find
A simple magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test involving breathing oxygen might help oncologists determine the best treatment for some cancer patients, report researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center.

US Department of Defense, NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 3-Jun-2009

Nature
Common diabetes drug may 'revolutionize' cancer therapies
Researchers at McGill University and the University of Pennsylvania have discovered that a widely used anti-diabetic drug can boost the immune system and increase the potency of vaccines and cancer treatments. Their findings will be published June 3 in the journal Nature.

Canadian Institutes for Health Research, National Institutes of Health, NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 2-Jun-2009
Natura Therapeutics and USF receive NIH grant to study green tea compound for Alzheimer's
A Small Business Innovation Research Grant from the National Institutes of Health has been awarded to scientists affiliated with Natura Therapeutics Inc., and the University of South Florida to study TeaMem, a compound derived from green tea. This is the third NIH-funded grant received by the researchers for exploration of therapeutic uses of TeaMem, investigating both the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's using a mouse model.

NIH/National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Public Release: 2-Jun-2009

Journal of Medical Entomology
Scientists use bed bugs' own chemistry against them
Scientists here have determined that combining bed bugs' own chemical signals with a common insect control agent makes that treatment more effective at killing the bugs. The researchers found that stirring up the bed bugs by spraying their environment with synthetic versions of their alarm pheromones makes them more likely to walk through agents called desiccant dusts, which kill the bugs by making them highly susceptible to dehydration.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center

Public Release: 1-Jun-2009
Group Health awarded $1 million in stimulus funds
The National Institute of Mental Health has awarded Group Health a $1 million stimulus grant to research more effective depression treatment. The award is in federal stimulus funds from ARRA, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Group Health psychiatrist Greg Simon, M.D., M.P.H., leads the project. It will use electronic medical records to track how individuals respond to different treatments. The goal: to match patients with the treatments that suit them best.

NIH/National Institute of Mental Health

Public Release: 1-Jun-2009

Journal of Clinical Interventions in Aging
Commonly used medications may produce cognitive impairment in older adults
Malaz Boustani, M.D., of Indiana University School of Medicine and the Regenstrief Institute, and colleagues conducted a systematic evidence-based analysis of 27 peer reviewed studies of the relationship of anticholinergic effect and brain function as well as investigating anecdotal information. They found a strong link between anticholinergic effect and cognitive impairment in older adults.

John A. Hartford Foundation, Atlantic Philanthropies, Starr Foundation, NIH/National Institute on Aging

Public Release: 1-Jun-2009

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Hopkins study: When adult patients have anxiety disorder, their children need help too
In what is believed to be the first US study designed to prevent anxiety disorders in the children of anxious parents, researchers at the Johns Hopkins Children's Center have found that a family-based program reduced symptoms and the risk of developing an anxiety disorder among these children.

NIH/National Institute of Mental Health

Public Release: 1-Jun-2009

Cancer Research
UCLA cancer researchers first to link intestinal inflammation with systemic chromosome damage
UCLA scientists have linked for the first time intestinal inflammation with systemic chromosome damage in mice, a finding that may lead to the early identification and treatment of human inflammatory disorders, some of which increase risk for several types of cancer.

NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America

Public Release: 1-Jun-2009

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Intervention reduces delinquent teenage pregancy rates
A program aimed at reducing criminal behavior in juvenile justice teens has yielded a surprising side benefit. The program is also reducing the teens' rate of pregnancy, according to a new study.

NIH/National Institute of Drug Abuse

Public Release: 29-May-2009

Social Science and Medicine
New study indicates that parents' influence on children's eating habits is small
The popular belief that healthy eating starts at home and that parents' dietary choices help children establish their nutritional beliefs and behaviors may need rethinking, according to a study by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. An examination of dietary intakes and patterns among US families found that the resemblance between children and their parents' eating habits is weak. The results are published in the May 25, 2009, issue of Social Science and Medicine.

NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, US Department of Agriculture, Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future

Public Release: 29-May-2009

Chronobiology International
Researchers develop light-treatment device to improve sleep quality in the elderly
Sleep disturbances increase as we age. Some studies report more than half of seniors 65 years of age or older suffer from chronic sleep disturbances. Researchers have long believed that the sleep disturbances common among the elderly often result from a disruption of the body's circadian rhythms -- biological cycles that repeat approximately every 24 hours.

NIH/National Institute on Aging

Public Release: 28-May-2009

PLoS Genetics
How oxidative stress may help prolong life
Oxidative stress has been linked to aging, cancer and other diseases in humans. Paradoxically, researchers have suggested that small exposure to oxidative conditions may actually offer protection from acute doses. Now, scientists at the University of California, San Diego, have discovered the gene responsible for this effect. Their study, published in PLoS Genetics on May 29, explains the underlying mechanism of the process that prevents cellular damage by reactive oxygen species.

NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

Public Release: 27-May-2009

Neuron
Brain activation can predict the strategies people use to make risky decisions
Watching people's brains in real time as they handle a set of decision-making problems can reveal how different each person's strategy can be, according to neuroscientists at the Duke University Medical Center.

NIH/National Institute of Mental Health, NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke

Public Release: 26-May-2009

Neural Development
Capturing the birth of a synapse
Researchers have identified the locking mechanism that allows some neurons to form synapses to pass along essential information. Mutations of genes that produce a critical cell-adhesion molecule involved in the work were previously linked to autism.

NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Whitehall Foundation, Autism Speaks, Pew Charitable Trusts, NIH/National Eye Institute

Public Release: 26-May-2009

Structure
'Disordered' amino acids may really be there to provide wiggle room for signaling protein
Sections of proteins previously considered "disorganized" could actually give proteins more room to flex, at least in the example of NHERF1, a scaffolding protein whose structure is published for the first time by Fox Chase researchers. A third of the amino acids in NHERF1 were thought to be intrinsically disorganized, forming no known structures and matching no known evolutionarily-conserved pattern. Instead, the disorganized structure gives the protein the flexibility it needs to function.

NIH/National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, American Cancer Society

Showing releases 576-600 out of 611 releases.
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