EurekAlert! - National Institutes of Health

Showing releases 76-100 out of 116 releases.
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Public Release: 10-Aug-2009

Nature Immunology
Found: A gene that may play a role in type 1 diabetes
Scientists at Stanford University have identified a gene that may play a role in the development of type 1 diabetes, an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the body's insulin-producing cells. Insulin, a hormone produced by cells of the pancreas, helps the body to absorb sugars found in food and to maintain blood sugar at appropriate levels.

NIH/National Insitute of Allergy and Infection Diseases

Public Release: 6-Aug-2009

Cell
From nerve roots to plant roots -- research on hereditary spastic paraplegia yields surprises
Sprouting. Branching. Pruning. Neuroscientists have borrowed heavily from botanists to describe the way that neurons grow, but analogies between the growth of neurons and plants may be more than superficial. A new study from the National Institutes of Health and Harvard Medical School suggests that neurons and plant root cells may grow using a similar mechanism.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 2-Aug-2009

Nature Medicine
Scientists learn why even treated genital herpes sores boost the risk of HIV infection
New research helps explain why infection with herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), which causes genital herpes, increases the risk for HIV infection even after successful treatment heals the genital skin sores and breaks that often result from HSV-2.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Public Release: 31-Jul-2009

PLoS Pathogens
Genes key to staph disease severity, drug resistance found hitchhiking together
Scientists studying Staphylococcus bacteria, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus, have discovered a potent staph toxin responsible for disease severity. They also found the gene for the toxin traveling with a genetic component of Staphylococcus that controls resistance to antibiotics.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Public Release: 30-Jul-2009

New England Journal of Medicine
NIH study finds low short-term risks after bariatric surgery for extreme obesity
Short-term complications and death rates were low following bariatric surgery to limit the amount of food that can enter the stomach, decrease absorption of food or both, according to the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS-1). The study was funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health.

NIH/National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases

Public Release: 30-Jul-2009

Arthritis & Rheumatism
Sun exposure may trigger certain autoimmune diseases in women
Ultraviolet radiation from sunlight may be associated with the development of certain autoimmune diseases, particularly in women, according to a study by researchers at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, part of the National Institutes of Health.

NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

Public Release: 30-Jul-2009

Emerging Infectious Diseases
Species barrier may protect macaques from chronic wasting disease
Data from an ongoing study suggest that people who consume deer and elk with chronic wasting disease (CWD) may be protected from infection by an inability of the CWD infectious agent to spread to people. The study appears online in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Public Release: 30-Jul-2009
Americans spent $33.9 billion out-of-pocket on complementary and alternative medicine
Americans spent $33.9 billion out-of-pocket on complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) over the previous 12 months, according to a 2007 government survey. CAM is a group of diverse medical and health-care systems, practices, and products such as herbal supplements, meditation, chiropractic and acupuncture that are not generally considered to be part of conventional medicine.

National Center for Health Statistics, NIH/National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Public Release: 28-Jul-2009
NHLBI stops study of pulmonary hypertension treatment in sickle cell patients
NHLBI has stopped a clinical trial testing a drug treatment for pulmonary hypertension in adults with sickle cell disease nearly one year early due to safety concerns. In an interim review of safety data, researchers found that participants taking sildenafil (Revatio) were significantly more likely to have serious medical problems. The most common problem was episodes of severe pain called sickle cell crises. No deaths have been associated with the drug in the clinical trial.

NIH/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Public Release: 27-Jul-2009

Archives of Internal Medicine
Intensive glucose control halves complications of longstanding type 1 diabetes
Near-normal control of glucose beginning as soon as possible after diagnosis would greatly improve the long-term prognosis of type 1 diabetes, concludes a study published in the July 27, 2009, issue of the Archives of Internal Medicine, which updates information about the clinical course of type 1 diabetes.

Public Release: 22-Jul-2009
NIAID set to launch clinical trials to test 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine candidates
Scientists in a network of medical research institutions across the United States are set to begin a series of clinical trials to gather critical data about influenza vaccines, including two candidate H1N1 flu vaccines. The research will be under the direction of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Public Release: 21-Jul-2009

Pediatrics
A child's IQ can be affected by mother's exposure to urban air pollutants
A mother's exposure to urban air pollutants known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can adversely affect a child's intelligence quotient or IQ, a study reports. PAHs are chemicals released into the air from the burning of coal, diesel, oil and gas, or other organic substances such as tobacco. In urban areas motor vehicles are a major source of PAHs.

NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences

Public Release: 21-Jul-2009
Major NIMH research project to test approaches to altering the course of schizophrenia
The National Institute of Mental Health is launching a large-scale research project to explore whether using early and aggressive treatment, individually targeted and integrating a variety of different therapeutic approaches, will reduce the symptoms and prevent the gradual deterioration of functioning that is characteristic of chronic schizophrenia.

NIH/National Institute of Mental Health

Public Release: 16-Jul-2009

Science
Discovery of new transmission patterns may help prevent rotavirus epidemics
New vaccines have the potential to prevent or temper epidemics of the childhood diarrhea-causing disease rotavirus, protect the unvaccinated and raise the age at which the infection first appears in children, federal researchers reported in a study today.

Public Release: 16-Jul-2009

Science
Researchers discover evolutionary event underlying the origin of dachshunds, dogs with short legs
A single evolutionary event appears to explain the short, curved legs that characterize all of today's dachshunds, corgis, basset hounds and at least 16 other breeds of dogs, a team led by the National Human Genome Research Institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, reported today. In addition to what it reveals about short-legged dogs, the unexpected discovery provides new clues about how physical differences may arise within species and suggests new approaches to understanding a form of human dwarfism.

NIH/National Human Genome Research Institute, National Science Foundation

Public Release: 16-Jul-2009

PLoS Genetics
Researchers uncover genetic variants linked to blood pressure in African-Americans
A team led by researchers from the National Institutes of Health today reported the discovery of five genetic variants related to blood pressure in African-Americans, findings that may provide new clues to treating and preventing hypertension. The effort marks the first time that a relatively new research approach, called a genome-wide association study, has focused on blood pressure and hypertension in an African-American population.

National Institutes of Health, Coriell Institute

Public Release: 15-Jul-2009

Nature
Genomes of parasitic flatworms decoded
Two international research teams have determined the complete genetic sequences of two species of parasitic flatworms that cause schistosomiasis, a debilitating condition also known as snail fever. Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum are the first sequenced genomes of any organism in the large group called Lophotrochozoa, which includes other free-living and parasitic flatworms as well as segmented roundworms, such as the earthworm.

NIH/National Insitute of Allergy and Infection Diseases

Public Release: 15-Jul-2009

Child Development
Brain emotion circuit sparks as teen girls size up peers
What is going on in teenagers' brains as their drive for peer approval begins to eclipse their family affiliations? Brain scans of teens sizing each other up reveal an emotion circuit activating more in girls as they grow older, but not in boys. The study shows how emotion circuitry diverges in the male and female brain during a developmental stage in which girls are at increased risk for developing mood and anxiety disorders.

NIH/National Institute of Mental Health

Public Release: 14-Jul-2009
NIH expands national consortium for transforming clinical and translational research
Clinical and Translational Science Awards will be made to seven more academic health centers, bringing the consortium to 46 member institutions, the National Center for Research Resources, part of the National Institutes of Health, announced today.

NIH/National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 14-Jul-2009

Human Reproduction
New technique could sustain cancer patients' fertility
Researchers funded by the National Institutes of Health have completed a critical first step in the eventual development of a technique to retain fertility in women with cancer who require treatments that might otherwise make them unable to have children.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 13-Jul-2009

Nature Chemical Biology
Novel drug discovery tool could identify promising new therapies for Parkinson's disease
Researchers funded by the National Institutes of Health have turned simple baker's yeast into a virtual army of medicinal chemists capable of rapidly searching for drugs to treat Parkinson's disease.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 1-Jul-2009

Nature
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share genetic roots
A trio of genome-wide studies -- collectively the largest to date -- has pinpointed an array of genetic variation that cumulatively may account for at least one-third of the genetic risk for schizophrenia. One of the studies traced schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, in part, to the same chromosomal neighborhoods. All three studies implicate an area of Chromosome 6 known to harbor genes involved in immunity and controlling how and when genes turn on and off.

NIH/National Institute of Mental Health

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009

Arthritis & Rheumatism
Gene expression findings a step toward better classification and treatment of juvenile arthritis
Scientists have discovered gene expression differences that could lead to better ways to classify, predict outcome, and treat juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Eventually such findings could enable doctors to target more aggressive treatment to children at risk of more severe arthritis, while those likely to have milder disease could be spared the stronger treatments that carry a greater risk of side effects.

NIH/National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009

Cancer Research
Second gene linked to familial testicular cancer
Specific variations or mutations in a particular can gene raise a man's risk of familial, or inherited, testicular germ-cell cancer, the most common form of this disease, according to new research by scientists at the National Institutes of Health. This is only the second gene to be identified that affects the risk of familial testicular cancer, and the first gene in a key biochemical pathway. The study appears in the July 2009 Cancer Research.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 29-Jun-2009

New England Journal of Medicine
Dynasty: Influenza virus in 1918 and today
The influenza virus that wreaked havoc in 1918-1919 founded a viral dynasty that persists to this day, according to scientists from NIAID. In an article published by the New England Journal of Medicine, authors Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., Jeffery K. Taubenberger, M.D., Ph.D., and David M. Morens, M.D., argue that we have lived in an influenza pandemic era since 1918, and describe how the 2009 H1N1 virus yet another manifestation of this enduring viral family.

NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Showing releases 76-100 out of 116 releases.
Click to go to page: [ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 ]