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  News From the National Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation (NSF) — For more information about NSF and its programs, visit www.nsf.gov

NSF Funded News

Key: Meeting M      Journal J      Funder F

Showing releases 276-300 out of 709.

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Public Release: 11-Mar-2013
Developmental Cell
{DISSERTATION} Tiny piece of RNA keeps 'clock' running in earliest stages of life
New research shows that a tiny piece of RNA has an essential role in ensuring that embryonic tissue segments form properly.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: Susan Cole
Cole.354@osu.edu
614-292-3276
Ohio State University

Public Release: 11-Mar-2013
Nature Geoscience
{DISSERTATION} Glaciers contribute significant iron to North Atlantic Ocean
A new study by biogeochemists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution identifies a large, unexpected source of iron to the North Atlantic – meltwater from glaciers and ice sheets, which may stimulate plankton growth during spring and summer. This source is likely to increase as melting of the Greenland ice sheet escalates under a warming climate.
WHOI Clark Arctic Research Initiative, National Science Foundation, WHOI Ocean and Climate Change Institute

Contact: WHOI Media Relations
media@whoi.edu
508-289-3340
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Public Release: 11-Mar-2013
Atmospheric Environment
{DISSERTATION} Ground-level ozone falling faster than model predicted
While dangerous ozone levels have fallen with reductions in emissions from vehicles and industry, a new study suggests a model widely used to predict the impact of remediation efforts has been too conservative.
National Science Foundation

Contact: David Ruth
david@rice.edu
713-348-6327
Rice University

Public Release: 11-Mar-2013
PLOS Computational Biology
{DISSERTATION} Untangling life's origins
Researchers in the Evolutionary Bioinformatics Laboratory at the University of Illinois in collaboration with German scientists have been using bioinformatics techniques to probe the world of proteins for answers to questions about the origins of life.
National Science Foundation, Klaus Tschira Foundation

Contact: Susan Jongeneel
sjongene@illinois.edu
217-333-3291
University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences

Public Release: 11-Mar-2013
{DISSERTATION} University of Miami geologists to address the mystery of an evolution gap in reef corals
National Science Foundation funds UM project to study the evolution of corals along the southern coast of the Dominican Republic. It is one of the few areas that contain a record of coral reefs from a period of climatic change that occurred between one and two million years ago.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Annette Gallagher
a.gallagher1@umiami.edu
305-284-1121
University of Miami

Public Release: 11-Mar-2013
Geophysical Research Letters
{DISSERTATION} Monsoon failure key to long droughts in Southwest
Long-term droughts in the Southwestern North America often mean failure of both summer and winter rains, according to new tree-ring research from a University of Arizona-led team. For the severe, multi-decadal droughts that occurred from 1539 to 2008, both winter and summer rains were sparse year after year. The finding contradicts the commonly held belief that a dry winter rainy season is generally followed by a wet monsoon season, and vice versa.
National Science Foundation, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, US EPA

Contact: Mari N. Jensen
mnjensen@email.arizona.edu
520-626-9635
University of Arizona

Public Release: 11-Mar-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
{DISSERTATION} Protected areas successfully prevent deforestation in Amazon rainforest
Strictly protected areas such as national parks and biological reserves have been more effective at reducing deforestation in the Amazon rainforest than so-called sustainable-use areas that allow for controlled resource extraction, two University of Michigan researchers and their colleagues have found.
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Rights and Resources Initiative, U-M Graham Sustainability Institute, National Science Foundation, Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development

Contact: Jim Erickson
ericksn@umich.edu
734-647-1842
University of Michigan

Public Release: 8-Mar-2013
Science
{DISSERTATION} Home toxic home
Most organisms would die in the volcanic sulfur pools of Yellowstone and Mount Etna. Robust simple algae call it home, and their secrets to survival could advance human medicine and bioremediation.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Layne Cameron
layne.cameron@cabs.msu.edu
517-353-8819
Michigan State University

Public Release: 8-Mar-2013
Systematic Biology
{DISSERTATION} Genetic study of house dust mites demonstrates reversible evolution
In evolutionary biology, there is a deeply rooted supposition that you can't go home again: Once an organism has evolved specialized traits, it can't return to the lifestyle of its ancestors.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Jim Erickson
ericksn@umich.edu
734-647-1842
University of Michigan

Public Release: 8-Mar-2013
Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education conference
{DISSERTATION} Sing a new song: Computer scientists use music to lure students to STEM majors
To students in Jennifer Burg's computer science classes, making music is the main objective. But her goal is to get them to understand how the underlying technology works -- and to love it so much they decide on a science-based career path. And that, Burg's study has shown, has helped Wake Forest University fulfill the national imperative to increase the number of majors in the STEM disciplines of science, technology, engineering and math.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Stephanie Skordas
skordas@wfu.edu
336-758-3826
Wake Forest University

Public Release: 7-Mar-2013
Cell
{DISSERTATION} Disease knowledge may advance faster with CRISPR gene probing tool
Scientists at UC San Francisco have found a more precise way to turn off genes, a finding that will speed research discoveries and biotech advances and may eventually prove useful in reprogramming cells to regenerate organs and tissues.
National Institutes of Health, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Science Foundation

Contact: Jeffrey Norris
jeff.norris@ucsf.edu
415-502-6397
University of California - San Francisco

Public Release: 7-Mar-2013
Science
{DISSERTATION} The future of ion traps
Recently Science magazine invited JQI fellow Chris Monroe and Duke professor Jungsang Kim to speculate on ion trap technology as a scalable option for quantum information processing. The article is highlighted on the cover of this week's issue, which is dedicated to quantum information. The cover portrays a photograph of a surface trap that was fabricated by Sandia National Labs and used to trap ions at JQI and Duke, among other laboratories.
Intelligence Advance Research Projects Activity, US Army Research Office, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, National Science Foundation

Contact: Emily Edwards
eedwards@umd.edu
Joint Quantum Institute

Public Release: 7-Mar-2013
Current Biology
{DISSERTATION} New form of animal communication discovered
Sniffing, a common behavior in dogs, cats and other animals, has been observed to also serve as a method for rats to communicate -- a fundamental discovery that may help scientists identify brain regions critical for interpreting communications cues and what brain malfunctions may cause some complex social disorders.
National Science Foundation, Mount Sinai Health Care Foundation, University Hospitals Case Medical Center Spitz Brain Health Fund

Contact: Jessica Studeny
jessica.studeny@case.edu
216-368-4692
Case Western Reserve University

Public Release: 7-Mar-2013
{DISSERTATION} Tracking sediments' fate in largest-ever dam removal
Any day now, the world's largest dam-removal project will release a century's worth of sediment. For marine geologists, it's a unique opportunity to study natural and engineered river systems.
National Science Foundation, Washington Sea Grant

Contact: Hannah Hickey
hickeyh@uw.edu
206-543-2580
University of Washington

Public Release: 7-Mar-2013
Cell Reports
{DISSERTATION} Dual systems key to keeping chromosomes intact
USC scientists have discovered how two different structural apparatuses collaborate to protect repetitive DNA when it is at its most vulnerable -- while it is being unzipped for replication.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: Robert Perkins
perkinsr@usc.edu
213-740-9226
University of Southern California

Public Release: 7-Mar-2013
Science
{DISSERTATION} Reconstruction of Earth climate history shows significance of recent temperature rise
Using data from 73 sites around the world, scientists have been able to reconstruct Earth's temperature history back to the end of the last Ice Age, revealing that the planet today is warmer than it has been during 70 to 80 percent of the time over the last 11,300 years.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Shaun Marcott
marcotts@geo.oregonstate.edu
541-737-1209
Oregon State University

Public Release: 7-Mar-2013
Science
{DISSERTATION} Long predicted atomic collapse state observed in graphene
Seventy years ago theorists predicted superlarge nuclei would exhibit a quantum-mechanical phenomenon known as "atomic collapse." Recently materials scientists calculated that highly-charged impurities in graphene should exhibit a corresponding buildup of electrons partially localized in space and energy -- a unique electronic resonance. By constructing artificial superlarge nuclei on graphene, researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have achieved the first experimental observation of long-sought atomic collapse, with important implications for the future of graphene-based electronic devices.
Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Naval Research, National Science Foundation

Contact: Paul Preuss
paul_preuss@lbl.gov
510-486-6249
DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Public Release: 6-Mar-2013
Nature
{DISSERTATION} Researchers discover workings of brain's 'GPS system'
A new study from researchers at Prince­ton Uni­ver­sity pro­vides evi­dence for how the brain determines the body's location as it moves through its surroundings.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Brain Research Foundation

Contact: Catherine Zandonella
czandone@princeton.edu
Princeton University

Public Release: 6-Mar-2013
Genes & Development
{DISSERTATION} Researchers explain a key developmental mechanism for the first time in plants
In simple animals like the fruit fly and more recently in plants and mammals, scientists have been able to identify some of the principal players in the developmental symphony. Today, a team of researchers from Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory explains for the first time the operation of a mechanism in plants that controls a class of key developmental regulatory genes, called homeobox genes.
New York State Department of Health, National Science Foundation

Contact: Peter Tarr
tarr@cshl.edu
516-367-8455
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

Public Release: 6-Mar-2013
Journal of the American Chemical Society
{DISSERTATION} Killing cancer cells with acid reflux
A University of Central Florida chemist has come up with a unique way to kill certain cancer cells -- give them acid reflux.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: Zenaida Gonzalez Kotala
zenaida.kotala@ucf.edu
407-823-6120
University of Central Florida

Public Release: 6-Mar-2013
Neuron
{DISSERTATION} 1 region, 2 functions: Brain cells' multitasking key to understanding overall brain function
A region of the brain known to play a key role in visual and spatial processing has a parallel function: sorting visual information into categories. A new study shows that very different types of information can be simultaneously encoded within the posterior parietal cortex, bringing scientists a step closer to understanding how the brain interprets visual stimuli and solves complex tasks.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, McKnight Endowment Fund for Neuroscience, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Brain Research Foundation

Contact: John Easton
John.Easton@uchospitals.edu
773-795-5225
University of Chicago Medical Center

Public Release: 6-Mar-2013
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
{DISSERTATION} CSI: Milky Way
There is growing evidence that several million years ago the center of the Milky Way galaxy was site of all manner of celestial fireworks and a pair of astronomers from Vanderbilt and Georgia Institute of Technology propose that a single event -- a black hole collision -- can explain all the "forensic" clues.
National Science Foundation, NASA

Contact: David Salisbury
david.salisbury@vanderbilt.edu
615-343-6803
Vanderbilt University

Public Release: 5-Mar-2013
Nature Geoscience
{DISSERTATION} The making of Antarctica's hidden fjords
Antarctica's topography began changing from flat to fjord-filled starting about 34 million years ago, according to a new report from a University of Arizona-led team of geoscientists. Knowing when Antarctica's topography started shifting from a flat landscape to one with glaciers, fjords and mountains is important for modeling how the Antarctic ice sheet affects global climate and sea-level rise.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Mari N. Jensen
mnjensen@email.arizona.edu
520-626-9635
University of Arizona

Public Release: 5-Mar-2013
Physical Review Letters
{DISSERTATION} Stressed proteins can cause blood clots for hours
New research from Rice University, Baylor College of Medicine and the Puget Sound Blood Center has revealed how stresses of flow in the small blood vessels of the heart and brain could cause a common protein to change shape and form dangerous blood clots. The scientists report this week in Physical Review Letters that the proteins can remain in the clot-initiating shape for up to five hours before settling back into their normal, healthy shape.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Alliance for NanoHealth, Welch Foundation, Mary R. Gibson Foundation

Contact: David Ruth
david@rice.edu
713-348-6327
Rice University

Public Release: 5-Mar-2013
Astrophysical Journal
{DISSERTATION} New evidence that comets could have seeded life on Earth
UC Berkeley and Univ. of Hawaii scientists have shown that complex molecules can form on icy dust in space, suggesting that comets may have brought these molecules to Earth and seeded the growth of more complex building blocks of life. The team zapped icy snowballs of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, producing complex molecules, such as dipeptides, that are capable of catalyzing the formation of more complex structures.
National Science Foundation, University of California Berkeley

Contact: Robert Sanders
rsanders@berkeley.edu
510-643-6998
University of California - Berkeley

Showing releases 276-300 out of 709.

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