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  News From the National Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation (NSF) — For more information about NSF and its programs, visit www.nsf.gov

NSF Funded News

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Showing releases 326-350 out of 738.

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Public Release: 13-May-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Seabird bones reveal changes in open-ocean food chain
Remains of endangered Hawaiian petrels -- both ancient and modern -- show how drastically today's open seas fish menu has changed.
National Science Foundation, Smithsonian Institution

Contact: Layne Cameron
layne.cameron@cabs.msu.edu
517-353-8819
Michigan State University

Public Release: 13-May-2013
Physical Review Letters
Physicists light 'magnetic fire' to reveal energy's path
NYU physicists have uncovered how energy is released and dispersed in magnetic materials in a process akin to the spread of forest fires, a finding that has the potential to deepen our understanding of self-sustained chemical reactions.
National Science Foundation

Contact: James Devitt
james.devitt@nyu.edu
212-998-6808
New York University

Public Release: 13-May-2013
Scientists use crowd-sourcing to help map global CO2 emissions
Climate science researchers from Arizona State University are launching a first-of-its kind online "game" to better understand the sources of global warming gases. By engaging "citizen scientists," the researchers hope to locate all the power plants around the world and quantify their carbon dioxide emissions.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Sandra Leander
sandra.leander@asu.edu
480-965-9865
Arizona State University

Public Release: 12-May-2013
Nature
Carnivorous plant throws out 'junk' DNA
The newly sequenced genome of the carnivorous bladderwort plant provides surprising insight into noncoding 'junk' DNA, a mysterious genetic material that makes up about 98 percent of the human genome and much of the genomes of other species. The bladderwort genome has almost no junk: 97 percent consists of genes and small control regions, showing that vast quantities of noncoding 'junk' DNA are not needed for complex life to exist.
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Science Foundation

Contact: Charlotte Hsu
chsu22@buffalo.edu
716-645-4655
University at Buffalo

Public Release: 10-May-2013
Scientific Reports
Potential flu pandemic lurks
An MIT study identifies influenza viruses circulating in pigs and birds that could pose a risk to humans.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation

Contact: Sarah McDonnell
s_mcd@mit.edu
617-253-8923
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Public Release: 10-May-2013
UC Riverside entomologist receives $566,000 grant to study ant parasitoids
Entomologist John Heraty at the University of California, Riverside has received a three-year $566,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to study a group of wasps that specialize as parasitoids of ants. Ants' often large, complex societies are built around feeding and nurturing the egg-laying queen and protecting their brood from a tremendous array of natural enemies. Few insects have been able to broach these formidable defenses. Eucharitid wasps are an exception.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Iqbal Pittalwala
iqbal@ucr.edu
951-827-6050
University of California - Riverside

Public Release: 9-May-2013
Nature Communications
Flawed diamonds promise sensory perfection
By extending the coherence time of electron states to over half a second, a team of scientists from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the University of California at Berkeley, and Harvard University has improved the performance of one of the most potent sensors of magnetic fields on the nanoscale -- a diamond defect no bigger than a pair of atoms called a nitrogen vacancy center. The achievement is important news for nanoscale sensors and quantum computing.
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, National Science Foundation, Israeli Ministry of Defense, North Atlantic Treaty Organization Science for Peace

Contact: Paul Preuss
paul_preuss@lbl.gov
510-486-6249
DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Public Release: 9-May-2013
Ecology
Study highlights under-appreciated benefit of oyster restoration
A new study shows that healthy oyster reefs would help to buffer the increasing acidity of coastal waters.
National Science Foundation

Contact: David Malmquist
davem@vims.edu
804-684-7011
Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Public Release: 9-May-2013
Science
Dust in the clouds
An interdisciplinary team from MIT, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and elsewhere has identified the major seeds on which cirrus clouds form.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science Foundation

Contact: Sarah McDonnell
s_mcd@mit.edu
617-253-8923
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Public Release: 9-May-2013
Science
Heady mathematics
Two UC Berkeley applied mathematicians have found a way to mathematically describe the evolution and disappearance of a foam. Using these equations, they were able to generate a movie that shows the complex draining, popping and rearrangement of these bubbles as the foam vanishes.
US Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, NIH/National Cancer Institute

Contact: Robert Sanders
rlsanders@berkeley.edu
510-643-6998
University of California - Berkeley

Public Release: 9-May-2013
Science
Ice-free Arctic may be in our future, say UMass-Amherst, international researchers
"While existing geologic records from the Arctic contain important hints about this time period, we are presenting the most continuous archive of information about past climate change from the entire Arctic borderlands. As if reading a detective novel, we can go back in time and reconstruct how the Arctic evolved with only a few pages missing here and there," says lead author Julie Brigham-Grette of UMass Amherst.
National Science Foundation, Russian Academy of Sciences Far East Branch, German Federal Ministry for Education and Research

Contact: Janet Lathrop
jlathrop@admin.umass.edu
413-545-0444
University of Massachusetts at Amherst

Public Release: 8-May-2013
BMC Evolutionary Biology
George Washington University biologist maps the family tree of all known snake and lizard groups
A George Washington University biologist and a team of researchers have created the first large-scale evolutionary family tree for every snake and lizard around the globe.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Latarsha Gatlin
lgatlin@gwu.edu
202-994-5631
George Washington University

Public Release: 8-May-2013
Nature Communications
Spintronics discovery
In research that is helping to lay the groundwork for the electronics of the future, University of Delaware scientists have confirmed the presence of a magnetic field generated by electrons which scientists had theorized existed, but that had never been proven until now.
US Department of Energy, National Science Foundation

Contact: Andrea Boyle Tippett
aboyle@udel.edu
302-831-1440
University of Delaware

Public Release: 8-May-2013
Proceedings of the Royal Society B
Dietary flexibility may have helped some large predators survive after last ice age
During the late Pleistocene, a diverse assemblage of large-bodied mammals inhabited the "mammoth steppe" of northern Eurasia and Beringia. Of the large predators -- wolves, bears, and big cats -- only the wolves and bears were able to maintain their ranges well after the end of the last ice age. A new study suggests that dietary flexibility may have been an important factor giving wolves and bears an edge over saber-toothed cats and cave lions.
National Science Foundation, University of California - Santa Cruz, Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paolo

Contact: Tim Stephens
stephens@ucsc.edu
831-459-2495
University of California - Santa Cruz

Public Release: 8-May-2013
Nano Letters
Researchers use graphene quantum dots to detect humidity and pressure
The latest research from a Kansas State University chemical engineer may help improve humidity and pressure sensors, particularly those used in outer space.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Vikas Berry
vberry@k-state.edu
785-532-5519
Kansas State University

Public Release: 8-May-2013
Evolution and Development
Cannibal tadpoles key to understanding digestive evolution
A carnivorous, cannibalistic tadpole may play a role in understanding the evolution and development of digestive organs, according to research from North Carolina State University.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Tracey Peake
tracey_peake@ncsu.edu
919-515-6142
North Carolina State University

Public Release: 8-May-2013
Brain Structure and Function
Brain anatomy of dyslexia is not the same in men and women, boys and girls
Using MRI, neuroscientists have found significant differences in brain anatomy when comparing men and women with dyslexia to their non-dyslexic control groups. Their study is the first to directly compare brain anatomy of females with and without dyslexia. "Females have been overlooked…. Our research suggests that we need to tackle dyslexia in each sex separately to address questions about its origin and potentially, treatment," says Guinevere Eden, director, Center for the Study of Learning, Georgetown.
NIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH/National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Science Foundation

Contact: Karen Mallet
km463@georgetown.edu
Georgetown University Medical Center

Public Release: 8-May-2013
Journal of Educational Psychology
Look! Something shiny! How some textbook visuals can hurt learning
Adding captivating visuals to a textbook lesson to attract children's interest may sometimes make it harder for them to learn, a new study suggests.
Institute of Educational Sciences, National Science Foundation

Contact: Vladimir Sloutsky
Sloutsky.1@osu.edu
614-247-4449
Ohio State University

Public Release: 8-May-2013
Nature
Lucky bacteria strike it rich during formation of treatment-resistant colonies
Like pioneers in search of a better life, bacteria on a surface wander around and often organize into highly resilient communities, known as biofilms. It turns out that a lucky few bacteria become the elite cells that start the colonies, and they organize in a rich-get-richer pattern similar to the distribution of wealth in the US economy, according to a new study by researchers at UCLA, Northwestern University and the University of Washington.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation

Contact: Megan Fellman
fellman@northwestern.edu
847-491-3115
Northwestern University

Public Release: 7-May-2013
Journal of Neuroscience
Theta brainwaves reflect ability to beat built-in bias
Many animals, including humans, harbor ingrained biases to actively obtain rewards and to remain inactive to avoid punishment. Sometimes, however those biases can steer us wrong. A new study finds that theta brainwave activity in the prefrontal cortex predicts how well people can overcome these biases when they are unwanted.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: David Orenstein
david_orenstein@brown.edu
401-863-1862
Brown University

Public Release: 7-May-2013
Live and learn
More than one in every 10 members of Generation X are enrolled in classes to continue their formal educations, according to a new University of Michigan study released today. In addition, 48 percent of GenXers take continuing education courses, in-service training, and workshops required for professional licenses and certifications.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Diane Swanbrow
swanbrow@umich.edu
734-647-9069
University of Michigan

Public Release: 7-May-2013
PLOS Medicine
Older people in Africa have limited functional ability
The number of adults living into older age in sub-Saharan Africa is rapidly growing yet many older men and women will have an illness or disability that limits their ability to function, according to a study by researchers from the US and Malawi published in this week's PLOS Medicine.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Fiona Godwin
fgodwin@plos.org
01-223-442-834
Public Library of Science

Public Release: 6-May-2013
Nano Letters
Researchers develop unique method for creating uniform nanoparticles
University of Illinois researchers have developed unique approach for the synthesis of highly uniform icosahedral nanoparticles made of platinum. Results showed that the key factors for the shape control include fast nucleation, kinetically controlled growth, and protection from oxidation by air.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Hong Yang
hy66@illinois.edu
217-244-6730
University of Illinois College of Engineering

Public Release: 6-May-2013
IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation
More than a good eye: Carnegie Mellon robot uses arms, location and more to discover objects
A robot can struggle to discover objects in its surroundings when it relies on computer vision alone. But by taking advantage of all of the information available to it -- an object's location, size, shape and even whether it can be lifted -- a robot can continually discover and refine its understanding of objects, say researchers at Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Byron Spice
bspice@cs.cmu.edu
412-268-9068
Carnegie Mellon University

Public Release: 6-May-2013
Physical Review Letters
Columbia engineers manipulate a buckyball by inserting a single water molecule
Columbia Engineering researchers have developed a technique to isolate a single water molecule inside a buckyball and drive motion of the "big" nonpolar ball through the encapsulated "small" polar H2O molecule, a controlling transport mechanism in a nanochannel under an external electric field. This method could lead to new applications including effective ways to control drug delivery and to assemble C60-based functional 3D structures at the nanoscale level.
National Science Foundationl, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

Contact: Holly Evarts
347-453-7408
Columbia University

Showing releases 326-350 out of 738.

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