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  News From the National Science Foundation
The National Science Foundation (NSF) — For more information about NSF and its programs, visit www.nsf.gov

NSF Funded News

Key: Meeting M      Journal J      Funder F

Showing releases 526-550 out of 720.

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Public Release: 17-Jan-2013
Environmental Research Letters
{DISSERTATION} Dietary shifts driving up phosphorus use
Dietary changes since the early 1960s have fueled a sharp increase in the amount of mined phosphorus used to produce the food consumed by the average person over the course of a year, according to a new study led by researchers at McGill University. Between 1961 and 2007, rising meat consumption and total calorie intake underpinned a 38 percent increase in the world's per capita "phosphorus footprint."
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, National Science Foundation

Contact: Chris Chipello
christopher.chipello@mcgill.ca
514-398-4201
McGill University

Public Release: 17-Jan-2013
Psychological Science
{DISSERTATION} Implicit race bias increases the differences in the neural representations of black and white faces
Racial stereotypes have been shown to have subtle and unintended consequences on how we treat members of different race groups. According to new research published in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, race bias also increases differences in the brain's representations of faces.
National Institutes of Health, Seaver Foundation, Swiss National Science Foundation

Contact: Anna Mikulak
amikulak@psychologicalscience.org
202-293-9300
Association for Psychological Science

Public Release: 17-Jan-2013
Nature Scientific Reports
{DISSERTATION} Researchers create method for more sensitive electrochemical sensors
A Northwestern University research team and partners in India have recently developed a new method for amplifying signals in graphene-based electrochemical sensors, a step that could make the sensors more sensitive at lower detection ranges.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Megan Fellman
fellman@northwestern.edu
847-491-3115
Northwestern University

Public Release: 17-Jan-2013
{DISSERTATION} Global plant diversity still hinges on local battles against invasives, study suggests
Scientists at Washington University in St. Louis have long suspected that studies of the impact of invasive species on biodiversity sometimes come to different conclusions because the impact depends on the size of the study site. Their field work confirms that the impact of invasive species is different at small scales than at large ones.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Diana Lutz
dlutz@wustl.edu
314-935-5272
Washington University in St. Louis

Public Release: 16-Jan-2013
{DISSERTATION} New robotic fish glides indefinitely
A high-tech robotic fish hatched at Michigan State University has a new look. A new skill. And a new name. MSU scientists have made a number of improvements on the fish, including the ability to glide long distances, which is the most important change to date.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Tom Oswald
tom.oswald@cabs.msu.edu
517-432-0920
Michigan State University

Public Release: 16-Jan-2013
Nature
{DISSERTATION} Marginal lands are prime fuel source for alternative energy
Marginal lands ­-- those unsuited for food crops -- can serve as prime real estate for meeting the nation's alternative energy production goals. In Nature, a team of researchers led by MSU shows that marginal lands represent a huge untapped resource to grow mixed species cellulosic biomass, plants grown specifically for fuel production, which could annually produce up to 5.5 billion gallons of ethanol in the Midwest alone.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Layne Cameron
Layne.cameron@cabs.msu.edu
517-353-8819
Michigan State University

Public Release: 15-Jan-2013
{DISSERTATION} Virginia Tech engineers awarded $800,000 to improve radio spectrum usage
Both the National Science Foundation and the Office of Naval Research are funding the work of Virginia Tech engineering faculty on efficient spectrum sharing on an already crowded wireless array of networks, although each grant addresses different types of problems and different application domains.
National Science Foundation, US Office of Naval Research

Contact: Lynn Nystrom
tansy@vt.edu
540-231-4371
Virginia Tech

Public Release: 15-Jan-2013
Science
{DISSERTATION} Don't read my lips! Body language trumps the face for conveying intense emotions
Be it triumph or crushing defeat, exhilaration or agony, body language more accurately conveys intense emotions, according to Princeton University research that challenges the predominance of facial expressions as an indicator of how a person feels.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Morgan Kelly
mgnkelly@princeton.edu
609-258-5729
Princeton University

Public Release: 15-Jan-2013
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
{DISSERTATION} Researchers create flexible, nanoscale 'bed of nails' for possible drug delivery
Researchers at North Carolina State University have come up with a technique to embed needle-like carbon nanofibers in an elastic membrane, creating a flexible "bed of nails" on the nanoscale that opens the door to development of new drug-delivery systems.
National Science Foundation, US Department of Defense, Defense Threat Reduction Agency

Contact: Matt Shipman
matt_shipman@ncsu.edu
919-515-6386
North Carolina State University

Public Release: 14-Jan-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
{DISSERTATION} CU-led study shows pine beetle outbreak buffers watersheds from nitrate pollution
A research team involving several scientists from the University of Colorado Boulder has found an unexpected silver lining in the devastating pine beetle outbreaks ravaging the West: Such events do not harm water quality in adjacent streams as scientists had previously believed.
US Forest Service, US Geological Survey, National Science Foundation, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Park Service

Contact: William Lewis
lewis@spot.colorado.edu
303-492-6378
University of Colorado at Boulder

Public Release: 14-Jan-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
{DISSERTATION} Salmon runs boom, go bust over centuries
Salmon runs are notoriously variable: strong one year, and weak the next. New research shows that the same may be true from one century to the next.
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, National Science Foundation, US Fish and Wildlife Service

Contact: Sandra Hines
shines@uw.edu
206-543-2580
University of Washington

Public Release: 14-Jan-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
{DISSERTATION} MBL scientists find 'bipolar' marine bacteria, refuting 'everything is everywhere' idea
In another blow to the "Everything is Everywhere" tenet of bacterial distribution in the ocean, scientists at the Marine Biological Laboratory have found "bipolar" species of bacteria that occur in the Arctic and Antarctic, but nowhere else.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Diana Kenney
dkenney@mbl.edu
508-289-7139
Marine Biological Laboratory

Public Release: 14-Jan-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
{DISSERTATION} Impaired coordination of brain activity in autism involves local, as well as long-range, signaling
A study from the Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging at Massachusetts General Hospital finds that local functional connectivity of the brain -- the extent to which activity within a small region is coordinated -- is reduced in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Although it has been recognized functional connectivity between separate areas of the brain was reduced in autistic individuals, it was assumed that local functional connectivity was actually increased.
NIH/National Center for Ressearch Resources, NIH/National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Science Foundation

Contact: Sue McGreevey
smcgreevey@partners.org
617-724-2764
Massachusetts General Hospital

Public Release: 14-Jan-2013
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
{DISSERTATION} Potential harvest of most fish stocks largely unrelated to abundance
Environmental mood swings determine the sustainable yield of most fish populations.
National Science Foundation, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Contact: Sandra Hines
shines@uw.edu
206-543-2580
University of Washington

Public Release: 13-Jan-2013
Nature Cell Biology
{DISSERTATION} The secrets of a tadpole's tail and the implications for human healing
Scientists at The University of Manchester have made a surprising finding after studying how tadpoles re-grow their tails which could have big implications for research into human healing and regeneration.
Wellcome Trust, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, The Healing Foundation, National Science Foundation

Contact: Morwenna Grills
Morwenna.Grills@manchester.ac.uk
44-161-275-2111
University of Manchester

Public Release: 11-Jan-2013
Astrophysical Journal
{DISSERTATION} Nearby dwarf galaxy and possible protogalaxy discovered
Peering deep into the dim edges of a distorted pinwheel galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major (the Great Bear), astronomers at Case Western Reserve University and their colleagues have discovered a faint dwarf galaxy and another possible young dwarf caught before it had a chance to form any stars.
National Science Foundation, NRC Research Associateship Programs

Contact: Susan Griffith
susan.griffith@case.edu
216-368-1004
Case Western Reserve University

Public Release: 10-Jan-2013
221st Meeting of the American Astronomical Society
Astrophysical Journal Letters
{DISSERTATION} A cloudy mystery
It's the mystery of the curiously dense cloud. And astronomers at Caltech are on the case. Despite being very dense, the cloud -- situated near the crowded galactic center -- does not form many stars. But now the Caltech astronomers have discovered why.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Brian Bell
bpbell@caltech.edu
626-395-5832
California Institute of Technology

Public Release: 10-Jan-2013
Science
{DISSERTATION} Lack of guidelines create ethical dilemmas in social network-based research
The growing trend towards conducting research on youths as they use social networking sites like Facebook raises ethical questions in academia. Guidelines and best practices are lacking.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Alex Reid
alexander.reid@tufts.edu
617-627-4173
Tufts University

Public Release: 10-Jan-2013
Science
{DISSERTATION} A rock is a clock: Physicist uses matter to tell time
What is the simplest, most fundamental clock? Physicist Holger Müller and his UC Berkeley colleagues have shown that a single atom is sufficient to measure time using its high-frequency matter wave. Conversely, the frequency of matter can be used to define its mass. The feat is a fundamental demonstration of wave-particle duality central to quantum mechanics.
National Institute of Standards and Technology, National Science Foundation, NASA, Sloan Foundation, Packard Foundation

Contact: Robert Sanders
rsanders@berkeley.edu
510-643-6998
University of California - Berkeley

Public Release: 10-Jan-2013
Science
{DISSERTATION} A snapshot of pupfish evolution in action
Chris Martin has bred more than 3,000 hybrid fish in his time as a graduate student in evolution and ecology at UC Davis, a pursuit that has helped him create one of the most comprehensive snapshots of natural selection in the wild and demonstrated a key prediction in evolutionary biology.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Andy Fell
ahfell@ucdavis.edu
530-752-4533
University of California - Davis

Public Release: 9-Jan-2013
Nature
{DISSERTATION} Faulty behavior
In an earthquake, ground motion is the result of waves emitted when the two sides of a fault move rapidly past each other. Not all fault segments move so quickly, however -- some slip slowly and are considered to be "stable." One hypothesis suggests that creeping fault behavior is persistent over time, with stable segments acting as barriers to fast-slipping earthquakes. But a new study by researchers at Caltech shows that this might not be true.
National Science Foundation, Southern California Earthquake Center, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

Contact: Brian Bell
bpbell@caltech.edu
626-395-5832
California Institute of Technology

Public Release: 9-Jan-2013
Nature
{DISSERTATION} Magma in mantle has deep impact
Magma forms far deeper in the Earth's interior than previously thought, and may solve several puzzles for geologists.
National Science Foundation, Packard Fellowship

Contact: David Ruth
david@rice.edu
713-348-6327
Rice University

Public Release: 9-Jan-2013
Evolution
{DISSERTATION} Low extinction rates made California a refuge for diverse plant species
The remarkable diversity of California's plant life is largely the result of low extinction rates over the past 45 million years, according to a new study. Although many new species have evolved in California, the rate at which plant lineages gave rise to new species has not been notably higher in California than elsewhere, researchers found.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Tim Stephens
stephens@ucsc.edu
831-459-2495
University of California - Santa Cruz

Public Release: 9-Jan-2013
BioScience
{DISSERTATION} Whales' foraging strategies revealed by new technology
Despite the many logistical difficulties of studying large whales, multisensor tags attached to the animals with suction cups are revealing their varied foraging techniques in unprecedented detail. These can be related to the animals' anatomy and to the distribution and behavior of their prey.
US Navy, Oticon Foundation, Carlsberg Foundation, National Science Foundation

Contact: Tim Beardsley
tbeardsley@aibs.org
703-674-2500 x326
American Institute of Biological Sciences

Public Release: 9-Jan-2013
221st Meeting of the American Astronomical Society
{DISSERTATION} Mapping the Milky Way: Radio telescopes give clues to structure, history
Surveys of the Milky Way are vastly increasing the number of known sites of massive star formation, tracing the structure of the Galaxy and giving clues to its history, including evidence of possible past mergers with other galaxies.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Dave Finley
dfinley@nrao.edu
575-835-7302
National Radio Astronomy Observatory

Showing releases 526-550 out of 720.

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