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| News From the National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) — For more information about NSF and its programs, visit www.nsf.gov NSF Funded News
Key: Meeting
Showing releases 551-575 out of 706 releases.
Public Release: 8-Jul-2009
 Nature{DISSERTATION} Explosive growth of life on Earth fueled by early greening of planet Earth's 4.5-billion-year history is filled with several turning points but one of the biggest is the Cambrian explosion of life, roughly 540 million years ago, when complex, multicellular life burst out all over the planet. Now, researchers led by Arizona State University geologist L. Paul Knauth believe they have found the trigger for the Cambrian explosion. 
NASA, National Science Foundation
Contact: Skip Derra
Public Release: 8-Jul-2009
Ecological Applications{DISSERTATION} Forest fire prevention efforts will lessen carbon sequestration, add to greenhouse warming Widely sought efforts to reduce fuels that increase catastrophic fire in Pacific Northwest forests will be counterproductive to another important societal goal of sequestering carbon to help offset global warming, forestry researchers at Oregon State University conclude in a new report.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Mark Harmon
Public Release: 8-Jul-2009
Materials Chemistry and Physics{DISSERTATION} New way to make sensors that detect toxic chemicals Ohio State University researchers have developed a new method for making extremely pure, very small metal-oxide nanoparticles. They are using this simple, fast, and low-temperature process to make materials for gas sensors that detect toxic industrial chemicals and biological warfare agents.
National Science Foundation, Ohio State University
Contact: Patricia Morris
Public Release: 8-Jul-2009
Journal of Neuroscience{DISSERTATION} 1-finger exercise reveals unexpected limits to dexterity "Push your finger as hard as you can against the surface. Now as hard as you can but move it slowly -- follow the ticking clock. Now faster. Now faster." These were the commands for volunteers in a simple experiment that casts doubt on old ideas about mechanisms to control hand muscles. Complete understanding of the result may help explain why manual dexterity is so vulnerable to aging and disease, and even help design more versatile robotic graspers.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health
Contact: Eric Mankin
Public Release: 8-Jul-2009
Nature{DISSERTATION} Giant supernovae farthest ever detected UC Irvine cosmologists have found two supernovae farther away than any previously detected by using a new technique that could help find other dying stars at the edge of the universe.
National Science Foundation, Gary McCue
Contact: Jennifer Fitzenberger
Public Release: 7-Jul-2009
Cancer Research{DISSERTATION} 'Normal' cells far from cancer give nanosignals of trouble A new Northwestern University-led study of human colon, pancreatic and lung cells is the first to report that cancer cells and their noncancerous cell neighbors, although quite different under the microscope, share very similar structural abnormalities on the nanoscale level. The most striking findings were that these nanoscale alterations occurred at some distance from the tumor and, importantly, could be identified by assessing more easily accessible tissue, such as the cheek for lung cancer detection.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, V Foundation
Contact: Megan Fellman
Public Release: 6-Jul-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Nitrogen research shows how some plants invade, take over others University of Nebraska-Lincoln research shows how plants gain nitrogen and how this allows some species to invade and take over native plants.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Steve Smith
Public Release: 6-Jul-2009
Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering{DISSERTATION} Clinical trial shows quadriplegics can operate powered wheelchair with tongue drive system An assistive technology that enables individuals to maneuver a powered wheelchair or control a mouse cursor using simple tongue movements can be operated by individuals with high-level spinal cord injuries, according to the results of a recently completed clinical trial.
National Science Foundation, Christopher and Dana Reeve Foundation
Contact: Abby Vogel
Public Release: 6-Jul-2009
{DISSERTATION} Virginia Bioinformatics Institute to develop petascale computer modeling capabilities The goal of the proposal is to use new computer technology to study events like disease pandemics, financial crises, as well as the spread of opinions, attitudes or social beliefs, through populations on a global scale. Current agent-based computer models can simulate the spread of a disease like influenza through a population the size of the United States. Petascale modeling would make comparable agent-based studies of disease transmission possible for global populations.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Barry Whyte
Public Release: 6-Jul-2009
BlackHat 2009 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Carnegie Mellon researchers find social security numbers can be predicted with public information Carnegie Mellon University researchers have shown that public information readily gleaned from governmental sources, commercial data bases, or online social networks can be used to routinely predict most -- and sometimes all -- of an individual's nine-digit Social Security number.
National Science Foundation, US Army
Contact: Ken Walters
Public Release: 6-Jul-2009
Canadian Medical Association Journal{DISSERTATION} Muscle damage may be present in some patients taking statins Structural muscle damage may be present in patients who have statin-associated muscle complaints, found a new study in CMAJ.
Swiss National Science Foundation
Contact: Kim Barnhardt
Public Release: 2-Jul-2009
American Journal of Human Genetics{DISSERTATION} Perfect pitch study offers window into influences of nature and nurture Practice, practice, practice might get you to Carnegie Hall, but for aspiring musicians, there's new evidence that genes may influence one's ability to get there, as well.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Jennifer O'Brien
Public Release: 2-Jul-2009
{DISSERTATION} 'Genetic arms race' between bacteria, viruses subject of stimulus grant The oceans teem with microscopic bacteria that produce much of Earth's oxygen as they absorb carbon dioxide greenhouse gas. But fast-mutating viruses also populate the seas, attacking marine bacteria in an ages-old evolutionary arms race. A Michigan State University researcher will probe that ancient dynamic against the backdrop of environmental and climate change, and the pivotal role played by aquatic bacteria in maintaining the Earth's biological balance.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Mark Fellows
Public Release: 2-Jul-2009
Association for Computer Machinery's Conference on Electronic Conference{DISSERTATION} Second Life data offers window into how trends spread Do friends wear the same style of shoe or see the same movies because they have similar tastes, which is why they became friends in the first place? Or once a friendship is established, do individuals influence each other to adopt like behaviors?
National Science Foundation
Contact: Nicole Casal Moore
Public Release: 2-Jul-2009
Lab on a Chip{DISSERTATION} Integrated optical trap holds particles for on-chip analysis A new type of optical particle trap can be used to manipulate bacteria, viruses and other particles on a chip as part of an integrated optofluidic platform.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health
Contact: Tim Stephens
Public Release: 2-Jul-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Ferns took to the trees and thrived As flowering plants like giant trees quickly rose to dominate plant communities during the Cretaceous period, the ferns that had preceded them hardly saw it as a disappointment.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Karl Leif Bates
Public Release: 2-Jul-2009
Science{DISSERTATION} Pinpointing origin of gamma rays from a supermassive black hole An international collaboration of 390 scientists reports the discovery of an outburst of very-high-energy gamma radiation from the giant radio galaxy Messier 87, accompanied by a strong rise of the radio flux measured from the direct vicinity of its super-massive black hole. The combined results give first experimental evidence that particles are accelerated to extremely high energies of tera electron Volt in the immediate vicinity of a supermassive black hole and then emit the observed gamma rays.
US Department of Energy, National Science Foundation, Smithsonian Institution, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Enterprise Ireland, Science Foundation Ireland, STFC
Contact: Henric Krawczynski
Public Release: 2-Jul-2009
Science{DISSERTATION} VLBA locates superenergetic bursts near giant black hole Combining gamma-ray telescopes with the supersharp radio "vision" of the Very Long Baseline Array showed astronomers the location from which very-high-energy gamma rays are emerging from the core ot the giant galaxy M87.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Dave Finley
Public Release: 2-Jul-2009
Science{DISSERTATION} New type of El Nino could mean more hurricanes make landfall A new study, in the journal Science, suggests that the form of El Nino may be changing potentially causing not only a greater number of hurricanes than in average years, but also a greater chance of hurricanes making landfall.
National Science Foundation
Contact: David Terraso
Public Release: 1-Jul-2009
Nature Geoscience{DISSERTATION} Earth's most prominent rainfall feature creeping northward The rain band near the equator that determines the supply of freshwater to nearly a billion people throughout the tropics and subtropics has been creeping north for more than 300 years. If the band continues to migrate at just less than a mile a year, which is the average for all the years it has been moving north, then some Pacific islands near the equator may be starved of freshwater by midcentury or sooner.
National Science Foundation, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Gary Comer Science and Education Foundation
Contact: Sandra Hines
Public Release: 1-Jul-2009
{DISSERTATION} International team of students and scientists on month-long field course in Siberian Arctic Scientists and undergraduate students from across the United States and Russia are departing July 2 for a month-long field course in the Russian Arctic. The program, known as the Polaris Project, is training future leaders in arctic research and education, and informing the public about the impacts of climate change.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Elizabeth Braun
Public Release: 1-Jul-2009
Nature{DISSERTATION} Plants save the earth from an icy doom Fifty million years ago, the North and South poles were ice-free and crocodiles roamed the Arctic. Since then, a long-term decrease in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere has cooled the Earth. Researchers at Yale University, the Carnegie Institution of Washington and the University of Sheffield now show that land plants saved the Earth from a deep frozen fate by buffering the removal of atmospheric CO2 over the past 24 million years.
Yale Climate and Energy Institute, National Science Foundation, US Department of Energy, Leverhulme Trust, Royal Society-Wolfson Research Merit Award
Contact: Suzanne Taylor Muzzin
Public Release: 30-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} New statistical technique improves precision of nanotechnology data A new statistical analysis technique that identifies and removes systematic bias, noise and equipment-based artifacts from experimental data could lead to more precise and reliable measurement of nanomaterials and nanostructures likely to have future industrial applications.
National Science Foundation
Contact: John Toon
Public Release: 30-Jun-2009
Lab on a Chip{DISSERTATION} Stirred, not shaken: Bio-inspired cilia mix medical reagents at small scales Engineers used a novel underwater manufacturing technique to successfully build biomimetic cilia. The hairlike appendages mix tiny volumes of liquid to speed up biomedical reactions.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Hannah Hickey
Public Release: 30-Jun-2009
{DISSERTATION} UB geologists to help communicate the dangers of Colombian volcano During the past decade, residents of Pasto, Colombia, and neighboring villages near Galeras, Colombia's most dangerous volcano, have been threatened with evacuation, but compliance varies. With each new eruption Colombian officials become increasingly concerned about the safety of the residents who live within striking there. Now, geologists from the University at Buffalo and the Universidad de Nariņo have organized a special workshop in Colombia designed to tackle the communication issue.
National Science Foundation, Universidad de Nariņo
Contact: John DellaContrada
Showing releases 551-575 out of 706 releases.
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