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| News From the National Science Foundation The National Science Foundation (NSF) — For more information about NSF and its programs, visit www.nsf.gov NSF Funded News
Key: Meeting
Showing releases 601-625 out of 704 releases.
Public Release: 23-Jun-2009
 Proceedings of the Royal Society B{DISSERTATION} Changes in brain architecture may be driven by different cognitive challenges Scientists trying to understand how the brains of animals evolve have found that evolutionary changes in brain structure reflect the types of social interactions and environmental stimuli different species face. The study is the first to compare multiple species of related animals, in this case social wasps. 
Society for Comparative and Integrative Biology, National Science Foundation
Contact: Joel Schwarz
Public Release: 22-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Bioengineers develop a microfabricated device to measure cellular forces during tissue development A Penn-led collaboration studying the physical forces generated by cells has created a tiny micron-sized device that measures and manipulates cellular forces as assemblies of living cells reorganize themselves into tissues.
National Institutes of Health, ARO Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative, University of Pennsylvania, US Department of Energy, National Science Foundation
Contact: Jordan Reese
Public Release: 22-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Carb synthesis sheds light on promising tuberculosis drug target A fundamental question about how sugar units are strung together into long carbohydrate chains has also pinpointed a promising way to target new medicines against tuberculosis.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, American Chemical Society, Swiss National Science Foundation
Contact: Laura Kiessling
Public Release: 22-Jun-2009
Journal of Educational Psychology{DISSERTATION} Dad's early connection with child 'writes script' for later school involvement When a dad changes diapers and makes pediatrician's appointments, he's more likely to stay interested and involved when his child makes the transition to school, said a new University of Illinois study that explores the role of parent involvement on student achievement.
American Educational Research Association, National Science Foundation
Contact: Phyllis Picklesimer
Public Release: 22-Jun-2009
Journal of Archaeological Science{DISSERTATION} Obsidian 'trail' provides clues to how humans settled, interacted in Kuril Islands Archaeologists have used stone tools to answer many questions about human ancestors in both the distant and near past and now they are analyzing the origin of obsidian flakes to better understand how people settled and interacted in the inhospitable Kuril Islands.
National Science Foundation.
Contact: Joel Schwarz
Public Release: 22-Jun-2009
{DISSERTATION} Midget plant gets makeover A tiny plant with a long name helps researchers design new crops to help meet increasing demands for food, biofuels, industrial materials and new medicines. The genes, proteins, and other traits of this plant reside in the Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) database. TAIR just released a new version of the genome sequence, which includes an array of improvements and novel features that promise to accelerate this critical research.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Eva Huala
Public Release: 22-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Carnegie Mellon algorithm charts evolution of genetic networks during fruit fly life cycle A new algorithm developed by Carnegie Mellon University computer scientists has revealed for the first time how genetic networks in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, evolve during the insect's life cycle. The new algorithm, called Tesla, incorporates machine learning techniques that enable researchers to figure out how the rewiring of those networks takes place as the insect develops.
National Science Foundation, US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
Contact: Byron Spice
Public Release: 22-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Fighting TB might be a matter of 'flipping a switch' in immune response Scientists are focusing on a new concept in fighting airborne pathogens by manipulating what is called the "switching time," the point at which a highly regulated immune response gives way to powerful cells that specialize in fighting a specific invading bug. In the case of tuberculosis, Ohio State University researchers are using mathematical modeling to determine whether a change to the natural switching time would result in a more effective immune response.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health
Contact: Larry Schlesinger
Public Release: 22-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Subseafloor sediment in South Pacific Gyre An international oceanographic research expedition to the middle of the South Pacific Gyre found so few organisms beneath the seafloor that it may be the least inhabited sediment ever explored for evidence of life.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Todd McLeish
Public Release: 21-Jun-2009
Nature Geoscience{DISSERTATION} Ice sheets can retreat 'in a geologic instant,' study of prehistoric glacier shows Modern glaciers, such as those making up the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets, are capable of undergoing periods of rapid shrinkage or retreat, according to new findings by paleoclimatologists at the University at Buffalo.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Ellen Goldbaum
Public Release: 19-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Researchers observe single protein dimers wavering between two symmetrically opposed structures Researchers at the Scripps Research Institute, the University of California, San Diego, and Ohio State University have used a very sensitive fluorescence technique to find that a bacterial protein thought to exist in one "natural" three-dimensional structure (shape), can actually twist itself into a second form, depending on the protein's chemical environment. One folded form is active and the other is inactive, but the protein can easily morph from one state to another.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation
Contact: Keith McKeown
Public Release: 19-Jun-2009
Nature{DISSERTATION} Mechanics: Ordinary meets quantum Physicists at Caltech have developed a new tool that can be used to search for quantum effects in an ordinary object.
National Science Foundation, Foundational Questions Institute, California Institute of Technology
Contact: Kathy Svitil
Public Release: 19-Jun-2009
Environmental Science and Technology{DISSERTATION} Athletes, spectators faced unprecedented air pollution at 2008 Olympic Games Particulate air pollution during the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing constantly exceeded levels considered excessive by the World Health Organization, was far worse than other recent Olympic Games, and was about 30 percent higher than has been reported by Chinese environmental experts -- even though some favorable weather conditions helped reduce the problem.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Staci Simonich
Public Release: 19-Jun-2009
7th [BC]2 Basel Computational Biology Conference{DISSERTATION} The SIB recognizes the next generation of bioinformaticians The SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics today announced the winners of the 2009 SIB Best Graduate Paper and the SIB Young Bioinformatician Award at the 7th annual [BC]2 Basel Computational Biology Conference.
Swiss National Science Foundation
Contact: Janice Blondeau
Public Release: 18-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences{DISSERTATION} Discovery of a water snake that startles fish in a way that makes them flee into its jaws Forget the old folk tales about snakes hypnotizing their prey. The tentacled snake from South East Asia has developed a more effective technique. The small water snake has found a way to startle its prey so that the fish turn toward the snake's head to flee instead of turning away.
National Science Foundation
Contact: David F. Salisbury
Public Release: 18-Jun-2009
Nature{DISSERTATION} Argonne, UC scientists reach milestone in study of emergent magnetism Studying simple metallic chromium, the joint UC-Argonne team has discovered a pressure-driven quantum critical regime and has achieved the first direct measurement of a "naked" quantum singularity in an elemental magnet.
National Science Foundation, US Department of Energy
Contact: Brock Cooper
Public Release: 18-Jun-2009
Chapman Conference on Abrupt Climate Change{DISSERTATION} Ancient drought and rapid cooling drastically altered climate Two abrupt and drastic climate events, 700 years apart and more than 45 centuries ago, are teasing scientists who are now trying to use ancient records to predict future world climate. The events -- one, a massive, long-lived drought believed to have dried large portions of Africa and Asia, and the other, a rapid cooling that accelerated the growth of tropical glaciers -- left signals in ice cores and other geologic records from around the world.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Lonnie Thompson
Public Release: 18-Jun-2009
Proceedings of the Royal Society B{DISSERTATION} Mate selection: How does she know he'll take care of the kids? Throughout the animal kingdom brilliant colors or elaborate behavioral displays serve as "advertisements" for attracting mates. But, what do the ads promise, and is there truth in advertising? Researchers at Yale theorize that when males must provide care for the survival of their offspring, the males' signals will consistently be honest -- and they may devote more of their energy to caring for their offspring than to being attractive.
National Science Foundation, Yale University
Contact: Janet Rettig Emanuel
Public Release: 18-Jun-2009
Science Express{DISSERTATION} Sunspots revealed in striking detail by supercomputers In a breakthrough that will help scientists unlock mysteries of the Sun and its impacts on Earth, an international team of scientists led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research has created the first-ever comprehensive computer model of sunspots. The resulting visuals capture both scientific detail and remarkable beauty.
National Science Foundation
Contact: David Hosansky
Public Release: 18-Jun-2009
Science{DISSERTATION} CO2 higher today than last 2.1 million years Researchers have reconstructed atmospheric carbon dioxide levels over the past 2.1 million years in the sharpest detail yet, shedding new light on its role in the Earth's cycles of cooling and warming.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Kim Martineau
Public Release: 17-Jun-2009
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology{DISSERTATION} Study supports validity of test that indicates widespread unconscious bias A new study validates the controversial finding that the Implicit Association Test indicated that about 70 percent of those people who took a version of the test that measures racial attitudes have unconscious preference for white people compared to blacks. This compared with figures general under 20 percent for self-reported measures of race bias.
National Science Foundation, NIH/National Institute of Mental Health, Third Millennium Foundation, Rockefeller Foundation
Contact: Joel Schwarz
Public Release: 17-Jun-2009
Nature Physics{DISSERTATION} Researchers putting a freeze on oscillator vibrations University of Oregon physicists have successfully landed a one-two punch on a tiny glass sphere, refrigerating it in liquid helium and then dosing its perimeter with a laser beam, to bring its naturally occurring mechanical vibrations to a near standstill.
National Science Foundation, US Army
Contact: Jim Barlow
Public Release: 17-Jun-2009
Journal of Bacteriology{DISSERTATION} Scientists sequence genome of the N2-fixing, soil-living bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii Researchers have completed the genome sequence of Azotobacter vinelandii, uncovering important genetic information that will contribute to a more complete understanding of the biology of this versatile, soil-living bacterium and pave the way for new applications, including the possible use of A. vinelandii for the production of other proteins. The research will be featured on the cover of the second July 2009 issue of the Journal of Bacteriology.
National Science Foundation
Contact: Susan Bland
Public Release: 17-Jun-2009
Angewandte Chemie{DISSERTATION} Unlike rubber bands, molecular bonds may not break faster when pulled From balloons to rubber bands, things always break faster when stretched. Or do they? University of Illinois scientists studying chemical bonds now have shown this isn't always the case, and their results may have profound implications for the stability of proteins to mechanical stress and the design of new high-tech polymers.
National Science Foundation, US Air Force Office of Scientific Research, American Chemical Society, University of Illinois
Contact: James E. Kloeppel
Public Release: 17-Jun-2009
Nano Letters{DISSERTATION} Nonstick and laser-safe gold aids laser trapping of biomolecules Biophysicists at JILA have made gold more precious than ever -- at least as a research tool -- by creating nonstick gold surfaces and laser-safe gold nanoposts to aid in trapping and fixing individual biomolecules for study.
W.M. Keck Foundation, National Science Foundation, National Institute of Standards and Technology
Contact: Laura Ost
Showing releases 601-625 out of 704 releases.
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