By studying intestinal flora in newborn children, Professor Fredrik Bäckhed and his team of researchers at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, aim to discover new methods to treat childhood obesity. The researchers will use a SEK 30.8 million grant from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation to determine whether intestinal bacteria from non-obese children can be used to develop new treatments.
The proportion of Swedish children who are overweight or obese has risen from 5% in 1988 to 21% in 2004, with no end to this increase in sight. Fattier foods, lack of exercise and genetic predisposition have been identified as causes of the obesity epidemic. Researchers at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, are on the trail of an additional cause.
Professor Bäckhed and his team have received a SEK 30.8 million grant from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation to conduct a project that will study intestinal flora in newborn children. The long-term purpose of the project is to discover new methods of controlling childhood obesity.
A number of widely acclaimed studies by the researchers have shown that obesity is related to the composition of intestinal flora. The team will collaborate with Associate Professor Jovanna Dahlgren at the Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center to study the intestinal flora of newborn children in Halmstad. The focus will be on the growth and development of flora during the first year of life and possible links to obesity risks.
"We already know that intestinal flora imbalance contributes to a number of serious conditions in adults, " Professor Bäckhed says, "including obesity and inflammatory bowel disease. Our hypothesis is that it can also increase the risk of childhood obesity.
"The grant from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation presents us with unprecedented opportunities. Our long-term goal is that intestinal flora can serve as a biomarker for early detection of childhood obesity risks."
The researchers will also try to isolate intestinal bacteria from non-obese children as a means of determining whether these bacteria can be used to develop new prevention strategies. "Children with obesity are very likely to be overweight as adults," Professor Bäckhed says, "which exposes them to greater risks of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. With that in mind, childhood obesity is a high priority social and public health issue."
The Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation has designed a program of 25 research projects that have the potential to produce scientific breakthroughs. The purpose of the program is to provide leading Swedish researchers with the means to take on complex and stubborn problems of various types. Grants totaling SEK 700 million are available for the projects.
Find out more about the research grants at http://www.wallenberg.com/kaw/
Contact:
Fredrik Bäckhed, Professor at Sahlgrenska Academy and Director of the Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Gothenburg
Phone: +46 31-342 7833
Cell: +46 70-2182355
fredrik.backhed@wlab.gu.se
FACTS ABOUT INTESTINAL BACTERIA
Ten times as many bacteria colonize the body as the total number of cells it contains. Most of the bacteria live in the intestines, where they facilitate digestion, produce vitamins and strengthen the immune system.
FACTS ABOUT THE KNUT AND ALICE WALLENBERG FOUNDATION
The Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation is the largest source of private research grants in Sweden. The foundation supports key national infrastructure initiatives and projects with high scientific potential while offering individual assistance to leading researchers in the fields of science, technology and medicine. The foundation has awarded SEK 4.8 billion to Swedish researchers and their projects over the past five years.
FACTS ABOUT PROFESSOR BÄCKHED
Now 39 years old, Professor Bäckhed was born and raised in Getinge on the outskirts of Halmstad. He has a PhD from Karolinska Institutet and has been affiliated with the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. In addition to his chairs at the Universities of Gothenburg and Copenhagen, he is Director of the Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research. He has received numerous prestigious awards, including the Chorafas Award, the Ingvar Carlsson Award, the Fernström Prize for Promising Young Researchers, and the Lund University Diabetes Center Prize for Prominent Young Diabetes Researchers. Professor Bäckhed is a member of the Young Academy of Sweden and is on the list of the 101 most gifted people in Sweden compiled by the weekly business journal Veckans Affärer.
Professor Bäckhed and his research team focus on understanding the role of intestinal flora, particularly their impact on physiology and metabolism. Their sources of funding include the Swedish National Research Council, the Foundation of the Swedish Diabetes Association, the Swedish Heart Lung Foundation, the Torsten Söderberg and Ragnar Söderberg Foundation, the AFA Insurance Company, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, and the Seventh Framework Program for Research and Technological Development of the European Commission.
Three recent articles:
1. Tissue factor and PAR1 promote microbiota-induced intestinal vascular remodelling, Nature Reinhardt, C., Bergentall, M., Greiner, T.U., Schaffner, F., Österlund-Lundén, G., Petersen, L.C., Ruf, W., Bäckhed, F. (2012) Nature. 483: 627-631
2. The gut microbiota and energy metabolism, Nature Tremaroli, V., Bäckhed, F. (2012) Nature. 489:242-249.
3. Gut-derived lipopolysaccharide augments adipose macrophage accumulation but is not essential for impaired glucose or insulin tolerance in mice. Gut Caesar, R., Reigstad, C. S., Kling Bäckhed, H., Reinhardt, C., Wichmann, A., Östergren-Lundén, G., Ketonen, M., Cani, P. D., Bäckhed, F. Gut. In Press.