image: Vittoria Flamini, an industry assistant professor in NYU Tandon School of Engineering's Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, has developed computer simulations to determine if percutaneous pulmonary valve surgery will be successful before the surgery takes place. view more
Credit: NYU
BROOKLYN, N.Y. -- What better way to celebrate Valentine's Day than help save a child's heart? That's what Vittoria Flamini, an industry assistant professor in Tandon's Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, has in mind.
Children born with a certain congenital heart defect often need a percutaneous pulmonary valve surgically inserted when they are 10 to 15 years old. Flamini has developed computer simulations to determine if that surgery will be successful and if the necessary valve will fit in the individual's heart -- before the surgery takes place.
"To make it simple, it's like buying jeans," Flamini says. "You need to try them on to see if they are going to fit." Similarly, the valve might or might not fit -- something surgeons would like to know before they perform the procedure.
The computer simulation project, a collaboration between Flamini and Puneet Bhatla, M.D., in the NYU Langone School of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, began in the summer of 2014 when Bhatla and others from Langone visited Tandon to talk about various biomedical challenges.
"We were already collaborating on some other heart disease problems, all involving simulations and biomechanics," Flamini says. "They came with problems, and we worked together on solutions." The simulation involves Dr. Flamini manipulating images of the patient's heart sent over by the medical team, a complex process that takes at least a day.
Since Dr. Flamini has a degree in biomedical engineering, she enjoys the process, noting that many surgeons have science or engineering backgrounds. "It seems like two very separate worlds but physicians are often very interested in technology. They can understand my language," she says. "A lot of medicine involves technology and innovation, and the drivers of medical technology are physicians, because they are interested in solutions to the problems they are faced with. It's great to work with them--they're so encouraging of technologies that are useful to them."
While still in the testing stage, Dr. Flamini hopes the methodology that could spare kids from unnecessary surgery will be ready for rollout in as little as a year, depending on funding. Although this simulation is for a very specific cohort, she expects that eventually it will be used for other types of surgeries.
Preliminary results of this project were supported by funding from the KiDS of NYU Foundation. Founded in 1991, KiDS of NYU is an organization of parents, physicians, and friends who support children's services at NYU Langone Medical Center through philanthropy, community service and advocacy.
###
Related Research Papers:
"Immersed Boundary-Finite Element Model of Fluid-Structure Interaction in the Aortic Root," Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics, http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00162-015-0374-5
"Imaging and Finite Element Analysis: A Methodology for Non-Invasive Characterization of Aortic Tissue," Medical Engineering and Physics, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1350453314002574
"Patient-Specific Simulation of Right Ventricle Outflow Tract Conduit Balloon Angioplasty Using Cardiac MRI-Derived 3D Virtual Models to Assess the Risk of Coronary Artery Compression during Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement," Journal of the American College of Cardiology, http://content.onlinejacc.org/article.aspx?articleid=2198210
The NYU Tandon School of Engineering dates to 1854, when the NYU School of Civil Engineering and Architecture as well as the Brooklyn Collegiate and Tandon Institute (widely known as Brooklyn Poly) were founded. Their successor institutions merged in January 2014 to create a comprehensive school of education and research in engineering and applied sciences, rooted in a tradition of invention, innovation and entrepreneurship. In addition to programs at its main campus in downtown Brooklyn, it is closely connected to engineering programs in NYU Abu Dhabi and NYU Shanghai, and it operates business incubators in downtown Manhattan and Brooklyn. For more information, visit http://engineering.nyu.edu.