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Showing releases 1-25 out of 330 releases.
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Public Release: 16-May-2008
ACS Chemical Biology
Novel enzyme inhibitor paves way for new cancer drug
Wistar Institute scientists have developed a new type of enzyme inhibitor capable of blocking a biochemical pathway that plays a key role in cancer development.
Based on studies in human melanoma cells, the research paves the way for developing new ways to treat cancer by dampening overactive enzyme activity that leads to uncontrolled tumor growth. The study shows how small-molecule inhibitors can be designed to target a family of signaling proteins, called phosphatidyl-inositol-3-kinases, or PI3Ks.
National Institutes of Health, Pennsylvania Department of Health
Contact: Abbey J. Porter
aporter@wistar.org
215-898-3943
The Wistar Institute
Public Release: 16-May-2008
Ambulatory Pediatrics
Separation from mom, dad linked with learning trouble in kids
In the wake of divorce, illness, violence and other problems that can unsettle homes, countless young children are liable to experience temporary separations from one or both parents before packing their knapsacks for kindergarten. Published in the May/June issue of Ambulatory Pediatrics, a new, community-wide study from Rochester, New York, warns that such kids are at increased risk for learning difficulties.
Robert Wood Johnson Physician Faculty Scholars Program
Contact: Becky Jones
rebecca_jones@urmc.rochester.edu
585-275-8490
University of Rochester Medical Center
Public Release: 15-May-2008
The Breast Journal
UCSD researchers show link between vitamin D status, breast cancer
Using newly available data on worldwide cancer incidence, researchers at the Moores Cancer Center at University of California, San Diego and the Department of Family and Preventive Medicine have shown a clear association between deficiency in exposure to sunlight, specifically ultraviolet B, and breast cancer.
Contact: Kim Edwards
kedwards@ucsd.edu
619-543-6163
University of California - San Diego
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Biomacromolecules
MIT crafts bacteria-resistant films
Having found that whether bacteria stick to surfaces depends partly on how stiff those surfaces are, MIT engineers have created ultrathin films made of polymers that could be applied to medical devices and other surfaces to control microbe accumulation.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation Young Investigator Program
Contact: Elizabeth Thomson
thomson@mit.edu
617-258-5402
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Journal of General Internal Medicine
New study casts further doubt on risk of death from higher salt intake
Contrary to long-held assumptions, high-salt diets may not increase the risk of death, according to investigators from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University. They reached their conclusion after examining dietary intake among a nationally representative sample of adults in the U.S. The Einstein researchers actually observed a significantly increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease associated with lower sodium diets. They report their findings in the advance online edition of the Journal of General Internal Medicine.
Contact: Karen Gardner
kgardner@aecom.yu.edu
718-430-3101
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Journal of American Chemical Society
Simple model cell is key to understanding cell complexity
A team of Penn State University researchers has developed a simple artificial cell with which to investigate the organization and function of two of the most basic cell components: the cell membrane and the cytoplasm -- the gelatinous fluid that surrounds the structures in living cells. The work could lead to the creation of new drugs that take advantage of properties of cell organization to prevent the development of diseases.
National Science Foundation, Arnold and Mabel Beckman Foundation
Contact: Barbara K. Kennedy
science@psu.edu
814-863-4682
Penn State
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Journal of Pacific History
NC State researcher finds El Niño may have been factor in Magellan's Pacific voyage
A new paper by North Carolina State University archaeologist Dr. Scott Fitzpatrick and University of Calgary researcher Dr. Richard Callaghan shows that Ferdinand Magellan's historic circumnavigation of the globe was likely influenced in large part by unusual weather conditions -- including what we now know as El Niño -- which eased his passage across the Pacific Ocean, but ultimately led him over a thousand miles from his intended destination.
Contact: Matt Shipman
matt_shipman@ncsu.edu
919-515-6386
North Carolina State University
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Long lost sisters
A Tel Aviv University mathematician finds humanity was genetically divided for as much as 100,000 years
Contact: George Hunka
ghunka@aftau.org
212-742-9070
American Friends of Tel Aviv University
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Jaguar upgrade brings ORNL closer to petascale computing
Upgrades to Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Jaguar supercomputer have more than doubled its performance, increasing the system's ability to deliver far-reaching advances in climate studies, energy research and a wide range of sciences.
Contact: Leo Williams
williamsjl2@ornl.gov
865-574-8891
DOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Clinical Therapeutics
Study: Doribax shows shorter hospital stays in ventilator-associated pneumonia patients
The investigational use of doripenem for the treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia was associated with shorter patient length of stay and reduced hospital resource utilization, according to new data published in the April edition of Clinical Therapeutics. The total number of hospital days and time on mechanical ventilation were significantly shorter for patients treated with doripenem compared to the commonly used imipenem-cilastatin in exploratory analyses from a Phase III pivotal trial evaluating the safety and effectiveness of doripenem in the treatment of VAP.
Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.
Contact: Amy Firsching
908-218-7583
Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C.
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Annals of Internal Medicine
Americans must consider cost and effectiveness when comparing and choosing medical interventions
The American College of Physicians proposed today a means to improve physician and patient access to and use of information about clinical and cost-effectiveness when comparing medical products, procedures and services. The recommendations are featured in an article, "Cost-Effectiveness Information: An Essential Feature of a National Comparative Effectiveness Entity," published online today in Annals of Internal Medicine.
Contact: David Kinsman
dkinsman@acponline.org
202-261-4554
American College of Physicians
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Advanced Materials
MIT creates new material for fuel cells
MIT engineers have improved the power output of one type of fuel cell by more than 50 percent through technology that could help these environmentally friendly energy storage devices find a much broader market, particularly in portable electronics.
DuPont-MIT Alliance, National Science Foundation
Contact: Elizabeth Thomson
thomson@mit.edu
617-258-5402
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Why nations fail to act
The international community should take formal steps to justify inaction when conditions of genocide exist anywhere in the world.
Contact: Bobbie Mixon
bmixon@nsf.gov
703-292-8485
National Science Foundation
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Science
Atmosphere threatened by pollutants entering ocean, prof says
A large quantity of nitrogen compounds emitted into the atmosphere by humans through the burning of fossil fuels and the use of nitrogen fertilizers enters the oceans and may lead to the removal of some carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, concluded a team of international scientists led by Texas A&M University Distinguished Professor of Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences Robert Duce.
Contact: Keith Randall
keith-randall@tamu.edu
979-845-4644
Texas A&M University
Public Release: 15-May-2008
American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting
Celebrex shows benefit in first-of-its-kind lung cancer chemoprevention trial
Celecoxib, the anti-inflammatory medication also known by the trade name Celebrex, has proven to be safe and reduces a specific proliferation measurement of precancerous lesions in the lung, according to a study from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. This finding demonstrates the significance of COX-2 inhibition toward preventing lung cancer in individuals at higher risk of developing the disease.
Contact: Laura Sussman
lsussman@mdanderson.org
832-264-8893
University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
Public Release: 15-May-2008
American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting
Protein predicts Gleevec resistance in gastrointestinal tumors
Excess amounts of a protein called IGF-1R in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors could indicate that the patient would be less responsive to Gleevec. Preliminary studies have shown that GIST cells, especially Gleevec-resistant cells, might respond well to agents in development for treatment-resistant breast cancer, which is also marked by excessive IGF-1R production. IGF-1R could also serve as a marker to identify Gleevec-resistant patients before therapy begins, when alternative treatments would be most effective.
Contact: Greg Lester
gregory.lester@fccc.edu
215-728-2753
Fox Chase Cancer Center
Public Release: 15-May-2008
American Journal of Human Genetics
Stowers Institute researchers identify gene linked to vertebral defects in patient populations
Stowers Institute researchers Karen Staehling-Hampton, Ph.D., Managing Director of Molecular Biology, and Olivier Pourquié, Ph.D., Investigator, collaborated with colleagues from around the world to show that genes known to cause spinal mutations in chick and mouse model systems also play an important role in human patients with congenital vertebral abnormalities.
Contact: Marie Jennings
mfj@stowers-institute.org
816-926-4015
Stowers Institute for Medical Research
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Cognitive Science
Crystal (eye) ball: Study says visual system equipped with 'future seeing powers'
Catching a football. Maneuvering through a room full of people. Jumping out of the way when a golfer yells "fore." Most would agree these seemingly simple actions require us to perceive and quickly respond to a situation. Assistant professor of cognitive science at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Mark Changizi argues they require something more -- our ability to foresee the future.
National Institutes of Health
Contact: Amber Cleveland
clevea@rpi.edu
518-276-2146
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Nature
Dr. Anthony Fauci reflects on 25 years of HIV
On the 25th anniversary of the first scientific article linking a retrovirus to AIDS, Anthony S. Fauci, M.D., director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, part of the National Institutes of Health, reflects in an essay in Nature on his experience treating and studying HIV/AIDS for the past quarter century.
NIH/National Institue of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Contact: NIAID Office of Communications
niaidnews@niaid.nih.gov
301-402-1663
NIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Public Release: 15-May-2008
LIDAR imaging detector could build 'super road maps' of planets and moons
Technology that could someday "MapQuest" Mars and other bodies in the solar system is under development at Rochester Institute of Technology's Rochester Imaging Detector Laboratory in collaboration with Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory.
RIT scientist Donald Figer is developing a new generation of optical/ultraviolet imaging LIDAR detectors that will significantly extend NASA science capabilities for planetary applications by providing 3-D location information for planetary surfaces and a wider range of coverage than the current technology.
NASA
Contact: Susan Gawlowicz
smguns@rit.edu
585-475-5061
Rochester Institute of Technology
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Psychological Science
Having less power impairs the mind and ability to get ahead, study shows
New research appearing in the May issue of Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, suggests that being put in a low-power role may impair a person's basic cognitive functioning and thus, their ability to get ahead.
Contact: Catherine West
cwest@psychologicalscience.org
202-293-9300
Association for Psychological Science
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Journal of Marketing Research
New driver of brand extension success found by University of Minnesota professor
In an increasingly borderless world in which brands can be as powerful as currency, stretching brands that already have strong equity has become an ever more important avenue for growth.
Contact: Patty Mattern
mattern@umn.edu
612-624-2801
University of Minnesota
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Journal of the American Dental Association
Treating osteoporosis calls for physician, dentist collaboration: ADA Journal
Physicians and dentists should collaborate to improve early detection and treatment of patients who have or may develop osteoporosis, say researchers in the cover story of the May issue of The Journal of the American Dental Association.
Contact: Fred Peterson
petersonf@ada.org
312-440-2855
American Dental Association
Public Release: 15-May-2008
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
Geneticists at the American Museum of Natural History trace the evolution of St. Louis encephalitis
Researchers from the Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics at the American Museum of Natural History sequenced the entire genetic code of 23 strains of Flavivirus, the virus that causes St. Louis encephalitis, to understand its evolutionary history. This study, published this month in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, found that a single mutation made the virus pathogenic to humans and that the North and South American strains divided about 116 years ago.
US Army Research Laboratory, US Army Research Office, Wadsworth Center Media and Tissue Culture facility, World Reference Center for Emerging Viruses and Arboviruses
Contact: Kristin Phillips
kphillips@amnh.org
212-496-3419
American Museum of Natural History
Public Release: 15-May-2008
American Journal of Emergency Medicine
Electric shocks can cause neurologic and neuropsychological symptoms
Canadian researchers have shown that an electric shock ranging from 120 to 52,000 volts can cause neurologic and neuropsychological symptoms in humans. Following an electrical injury, some patients may show various emotional and behavioral aftereffects, such as memory loss and symptoms of depression.
Hydro-Québec
Contact: Julie Gazaille
j.cordeau.gazaille@umontreal.ca
514-343-6796
University of Montreal
Showing releases 1-25 out of 330 releases.
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