EurekAlert! Public News List

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Social Science Quarterly
Throwing the bum out: When should scandal-hit politicians stage a come back?
A new study in Social Science Quarterly explores the lingering effect of scandals and asks how long a politician need wait before hitting the come-back trail.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Journal of Physiology
Bariatric surgery restores nerve cell properties altered by diet
Understanding how gastric bypass surgery changes the properties of nerve cells that help regulate the digestive system could lead to new treatments that produce the same results without surgery, according to Penn State College of Medicine scientists, who have shown how surgery restores some properties of nerve cells that tell people their stomachs are full.

National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Visual Cognition
Slow and steady wins the baggage search
Next time you're doing a slow burn in security screening at the airport, calm yourself with the assurance that a more deliberate baggage scanner may do a better job. In a laboratory test of visual searching ability, scientists found trained Transportation Security Administration screening officers were a lot slower than undergraduate students and other civilians. But the amateurs were sloppier.

Army Research Office, Department of Homeland Security

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Certain types of graft-versus-host disease may increase risk of death, Moffitt researcher says
Joseph Pidala, M.D., M.S., assistant member of the Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant and Immunology programs at Moffitt Cancer Center, and colleagues from the Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Consortium have determined that certain gastrointestinal and liver-related types of chronic graft-versus-host disease are associated with worsened quality of life and death.

NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
CWRU study finds babies witnessing violence show aggression later in school
Aggression in school-age children may have its origins in children 3 years old and younger who witnessed violence between their mothers and partners, according to a new Case Western Reserve University study.

US Department of Health and Human Services' Administration for Children, Youth and Families

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Environmental Science & Technology
Study identifies travel choices for a smaller carbon footprint
Planes, trains, or automobiles: what's the most climate-friendly way to travel? A new study by researchers from IIASA and CICERO brings better estimates of how much personal travel impacts the climate.

Eclipse Project, Norwegian Research Council

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Naturwissenschaften
Researchers find genetic diversity key to survival of honey bee colonies
When it comes to honey bees, more mates is better. A new study from North Carolina State University, the University of Maryland and the US Department of Agriculture shows that genetic diversity is key to survival in honey bee colonies -- meaning a colony is less likely to survive if its queen has had a limited number of mates.

US Department of Agriculture

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

British Journal of Educational Technology
Intelligent glasses designed for professors
Scientists at la Universidad Carlos III of Madrid have developed a system based on augmented reality that, thanks to intelligent glasses, enables a professor to see notes or comments on the contents of a lesson and to see if the students understand explanations or if, on the contrary, they are having doubts or difficulties.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

JAMA Psychiatry
Infections increase risk of mood disorders
New research shows that every third person who is diagnosed for the first time with a mood disorder has been admitted to hospital with an infection prior to the diagnosis. The study is the largest of its kind to date to show a clear correlation between infection levels and the risk of developing mood disorders.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Royal Society B
Treating infection may have sting in the tail, parasite study shows
Using drugs to treat an infection could allow other co-existing conditions to flourish, a study in wild animals has shown.

Natural Environment Research Council, Wellcome Trust

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Nature Communications
Mice in a 'big brother' setup develop social structures
Weizmann Institute research into mouse social behavior finds signs of leadership and reveals features of "autistic" mouse society.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

PhytoKeys
Perching on the cliffs of New Zealand, endemic Lepidium flora faces extinction threats
Cooks Scurvy Grass (Lepidium oleraceum) has an international claim to fame as the plant most commonly used by Captain James Cook and other 18th century explorers as an antiscorbutic. Formerly widespread on the beaches and cliffs of New Zealand, the species was by 1900 already widely acknowledged as uncommon. A detailed revision, published in the open access journal PhytoKeys, outlines a total of 16 species, describing 10 (all endemic) as new to science.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Circulation
CNIC researchers find a possible treatment for one of the main symptoms of premature aging disease
Working with an animal model, the team of scientists at the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares have discovered that a deficit in the production of pyrophosphate provokes excessive vascular calcification, one of the most important symptoms of the premature aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome, also known as progeria. Excess calcium in the arterial wall is also a typical feature of physiological aging in the general population.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1 step closer to a vaccine for a common respiratory disease
Young children and the elderly are especially susceptible to respiratory syncytial virus. The three-dimensional structure of respiratory syncytial virus has been solved by an international team from Finland and Switzerland.

Academy of Finland, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, European Research Council, European Molecular Biology Organization

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013
Drivers happy to take long way round to avoid traffic stress
Drivers are happy to take the long way round to avoid traffic stress.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

International Journal of Climatology
Jet stream changes cause climatically exceptional Greenland Ice Sheet melt
Research from the University of Sheffield has shown that unusual changes in atmospheric jet stream circulation caused the exceptional surface melt of the Greenland Ice Sheet in summer 2012.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Nature Materials
Efficient and inexpensive: Researchers develop catalyst material for fuel cells
Efficient, robust and economic catalyst materials hold the key to achieving a breakthrough in fuel cell technology. Scientists from Jülich and Berlin have developed a material for converting hydrogen and oxygen to water using a tenth of the typical amount of platinum that was previously required. With the aid of state-of-the-art electron microscopy, the researchers discovered that the function of the nanometre-scale catalyst particles is decisively determined by their geometric shape and atomic structure.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Nature Chemistry
Researchers unmask Janus-faced nature of mechanical forces with the Julich supercomputer
The harder you pull, the quicker it goes. At least, that used to be the rule in mechanochemistry, a method that researchers apply to set chemical reactions in motion by means of mechanical forces. However, as chemists report in "Nature Chemistry", more force cannot in fact be translated one to one into a faster reaction. With complex molecular dynamic simulations on the Jülich supercomputer "JUQUEEN" they unmasked the Janus-faced nature of mechanochemistry.

German Research Foundation

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013
Polymer-coated catalyst protects 'artificial leaf'
One option is to use the electrical energy generated inside solar cells to split water by means of electrolysis, in the process yielding hydrogen that can be used for a storable fuel.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Journal of the American Chemical Society
An innovative material for the green Earth
Researchers from Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, S. Korea, developed a novel, simple method to synthesize hierarchically nanoporous frameworks of nanocrystalline metal oxides such as magnesia and ceria by the thermal conversion of well-designed metal-organic frameworks.

National Research Foundation of Korea, South Korea

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

Geology
New 'embryonic' subduction zone found
A new subduction zone forming off the coast of Portugal heralds the beginning of a cycle that will see the Atlantic Ocean close as continental Europe moves closer to America.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

ENDO 2013
Testosterone therapy may help improve pain in men with low testosterone
Testosterone therapy is associated with decreased pain perception in men with low testosterone levels related to opioid (narcotic) pain relievers (analgesics), a new study finds. The results were presented Monday at The Endocrine Society's 95th Annual Meeting in San Francisco.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

ENDO 2013
Investigational drug improves sleep disorder among the blind
An investigational new drug significantly improved a common and debilitating circadian rhythm sleep disorder that frequently affects people who are completely blind, a multicenter study finds. The results were presented Monday at The Endocrine Society's Annual Meeting in San Francisco.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

ENDO 2013
Testosterone improves verbal learning and memory in postmenopausal women
Postmenopausal women had better improvement in verbal learning and memory after receiving treatment with testosterone gel, compared with women who received sham treatment with a placebo, a new study found. Results were presented Monday at The Endocrine Society's 95th Annual Meeting in San Francisco.

Public Release: 17-Jun-2013

ENDO 2013
Chemical in antibacterial soap fed to nursing rats harms offspring
A mother's exposure to triclocarban, a common antibacterial chemical, while nursing her babies shortens the life of her female offspring, a new study in rats finds. The results were presented Monday at The Endocrine Society's 95th Annual Meeting in San Francisco.


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