EurekAlert! Public News List

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

Springer Plus
Environmental awareness develops at an early age
In a piece of research carried out on children under eight, José Domingo Villarroel has reached the conclusion that it is from an early age that they develop the awareness that leads them to protect the environment. Indeed, they refuse to tread on a flower, for example. What is more, this awareness can emerge before they are capable of differentiating between living beings and non-living beings.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013
2 6,000-year-old 'halls of the dead' unearthed, in UK first
The remains of two large 6000-year-old halls, each buried within a prehistoric burial mound, have been discovered by archaeologists from The University of Manchester and Herefordshire Council -- in a UK first. The sensational finds on Dorstone Hill, near Peterchurch in Herefordshire, were thought to be constructed between 4000 and 3600 BC.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013
Station astronauts remotely control planetary rover from space
On June 17 and July 26, NASA tested the Surface Telerobotics exploration concept, in which an astronaut in an orbiting spacecraft remotely operates a robot on a planetary surface.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

Journal of Pediatric Psychology
Childhood economic status affects substance use among young adults
Children who grow up in poverty are more likely than wealthier children to smoke cigarettes, but they are less likely to binge drink and are no more prone to use marijuana, according to researchers at Duke Medicine.

National Institutes of Health, NIH/National Cancer Institute, NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

mBio
Methamphetamine increases susceptibility to deadly fungal infection
Methamphetamine use can make a person more susceptible to the lung infection cryptococcosis, according to a study published in mBio®, the online open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

BMJ
Increased fluctuation in blood pressure linked to impaired cognitive function in older people
Higher variability in visit-to-visit blood pressure readings, independent of average blood pressure, could be related to impaired cognitive function in old age in those already at high risk of cardiovascular disease, suggests a paper published today on bmj.com.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

BMJ
Cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetics with dangerously low blood sugar levels
Type 2 diabetics who have severe hypoglycaemia are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, a paper published today on bmj.com suggests.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

BMJ
New definition of chronic kidney disease labels 1 in 8 adults as sick
A new definition of chronic kidney disease labels over 1 in 8 adults and around half of people over 70 years of age as having the disease. Yet low rates of kidney failure suggest many of those diagnosed will never progress to severe disease.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

BMJ
NHS patient information leaflets are 'inaccurate, inconsistent and confusing'
The NHS's patient information leaflets are "inaccurate, inconsistent, and confusing -- and effort is duplicated" argues GP Margaret McCartney on bmj.com.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

Child Development
Disabled children treated more harshly in developing world
Children with disabilities receive harsher punishment across the developing world, according to a new study based on interviews with nearly 46,000 caregivers in 17 low- to middle-income countries.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

PLOS Medicine
Reducing drug costs for patients could improve outcomes for high blood pressure
Expanding health insurance coverage and reducing drug costs that are paid by patients (drug co-payments) in countries without universal free healthcare, such as the United States, may improve the treatment, and control of high blood pressure (hypertension, a condition which affects one billion people worldwide and leads to 7.5 million deaths), according to a study by UK and Canadian researchers published in this week's PLOS Medicine.

Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

American Journal of Psychiatry
Requiring some patients to get mental health treatment saves money
Mandating outpatient treatment for certain people with severe mental illness, while controversial, results in substantial cost savings by cutting hospitalizations and increasing outpatient care, according to a financial analysis led by researchers at Duke Medicine.

John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

PLOS Medicine
A new model can predict a woman's risk of breast, ovarian and womb cancer
The probability (absolute risk) of a woman developing breast, ovarian, and endometrial (womb) cancer can all be predicted using easily obtainable information on known risk factors for these cancers, according to a study by US researchers published in this week's PLOS Medicine.

NIH/National Cancer Institute

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

Radiology
Tomosynthesis reduces breast cancer screening recall rate
Digital tomosynthesis is an effective tool for reducing the recall rate in breast cancer screening, according to a new study.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

Radiology
Some women with abnormal breast lesions may avoid surgery
Surgery is not always necessary for women with a type of breast tissue abnormality associated with a higher risk of cancer, according to a new study. Researchers said that periodic imaging and clinical exam are effective in these patients when radiology and pathology findings are benign and concordant, or in agreement.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

Frontiers
Frontiers news briefs: July 30
This week's news briefs include: cross-cultural communication of emotional non-speech sounds; molecular tools may help solve the riddle of Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome; two types of anomalies in the brains of people with autism; and transcription and replication result in distinct epigenetic marks following repression of early gene expression.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

Child Development
Early school engagement helps youths avoid problem behaviors and eventual dropout
School engagement helps youths avoid problem behaviors and eventual dropout. Researchers surveyed 1,300 youths in seventh through eleventh grades over a seven-year period on topics including problem behaviors, school engagement, and relationships with parents and teachers. Findings suggest that behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement may help students cope with stressors, setbacks, and difficulties in school. Researchers also highlighted the importance of a supportive learning environment that allows students to feel competent and autonomous.

NIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

Child Development
Children with disabilities in developing countries at risk for harsher punishment
Children with disabilities who live in developing countries are more likely to experience harsh punishment than children without disabilities in those countries. It is estimated that 80 percent of those with a disability are living in low- or middle-income countries. Researchers looked at data from 46,000 parents and other caregivers of 2- to 9-year-olds in 17 low- and middle-income countries. They found that children with disabilities are especially vulnerable to abuse, exploitation, and violence.

NIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

21st Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior
A maternal junk food diet alters development of opioid pathway in the offspring
New animal research suggests that maternal diet during pregnancy can alter the development of a signalling pathway associated with reward processing in the offspring.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

21st Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior
Fetal 'programming' of sweet taste's elicited pleasure
New research finds that adversities during gestation may influence the newborn's pleasure in response to sweet.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development, Fundação Instituto de Pesquisas Econômicas, Foundation for the Coordination of Higher Education and Graduate Training

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

21st Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior
Taste preference changes in different life stages of rats
In humans and animals aging decreases dietary and energy requirements and it is generally believed that reduced consumption is related to alterations in taste preference. However, the mechanisms underlying an age-induced shift in taste preference remain unclear. Thus, the researchers investigated differences in fluid intake and taste nerve responses across different age groups of rats.

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

21st Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior
Stress early in life leads to adulthood anxiety and preference for 'comfort foods'
New research finds that adult rats reared in a stressful neonatal environment demonstrate more anxiety and stress, and they prefer to eat more foods rich in fat and sugar.

Public Release: 30-Jul-2013

21st Annual Meeting of the Society for the Study of Ingestive Behavior
Offspring of mothers stressed during pregnancy with a passive stress coping style more prone to obesity
New animal research suggests greater risk for obesity and associated Type 2 diabetes in individuals that respond to stress in a passive manner and were born to mothers that were stressed during their pregnancy.

Public Release: 29-Jul-2013

Journal of Adolescent Health
Friendships reduce risky behaviors in homeless youth
Homeless young women may be at greater risk for sexually transmitted infections than homeless young men because of the structure of their social groups and friendships, according to new research from UC San Francisco.

NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Development, University of California at San Francisco Research Evaluation and Allocation Committee and Committee on Research, and others

Public Release: 29-Jul-2013
NASA sees Tropical Storm Flossie near Hawaii
NASA's Aqua satellite flew over Tropical Storm Flossie as it neared Hawaii.

NASA


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