EurekAlert! Public News List

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Molecular trigger for Alzheimer's disease identified
Researchers have pinpointed a catalytic trigger for the onset of Alzheimer's disease -- when the fundamental structure of a protein molecule changes to cause a chain reaction that leads to the death of neurons in the brain.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Dissertations and Features
Discovery of a novel medicine for the treatment of chronic wounds
Every 20 seconds, a limb is lost as a consequence of a diabetic foot ulcer that does not heal. To date, medical solutions that can change this situation are very limited. In his doctoral thesis, Yue Shen from the Industrial Doctoral School and the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics at Umeå University presented a novel medicine for chronic wound treatment that may completely change the lives of millions of patients.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology
Genetic screening could reveal hidden high risk for coronary heart disease
Researchers of the Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, and Finnish National Institute for Health and Welfare have shown that genetic marker information can improve risk evaluation of coronary heart disease.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Annals of Family Medicine
AHRQ-funded journal supplement offers lessons on primary care practice transformation
Amid emerging evidence that transformation toward the patient-centered medical home model offers a viable solution in today's health care environment, the US Department of Health and Human Services' Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality funded 14 studies to learn more about the processes and determinants of successful change from practices that had already demonstrated successful transformational activities and improved outcomes. Key findings of these 14 projects are published in a special supplement of Annals of Family Medicine.

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

Public Release: 20-May-2013

IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation
Robots learn to take a proper handoff by following digitized human examples
A humanoid robot can receive an object handed to it by a person with something approaching natural, human-like motion thanks to a new method developed by scientists at Disney Research, Pittsburgh in a project partially funded by the International Center for Advanced Communication Technologies at Carnegie Mellon University and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

European Association for Computer Graphics Conference
Disney researchers develop fast, economical method for high-definition video compositing
Video compositing to create special effects, replace backgrounds or combine multiple takes of an actor's performance is an integral, but highly labor-intensive, part of modern film making. Researchers at Disney Research, Zürich, however, have found an innovative way to create these composite videos that is simple, fast, and easy to use.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Nutrition Journal
New study suggests candy consumption frequency not linked to obesity or heart disease
According to a recent data analysis published in the April 30th issue of Nutrition Journal, adults who consume candy at least every other day are no more likely to be overweight nor have greater risk factors for cardiovascular disease than moderate consumers (about once a week) or even less frequent candy eaters (less than 3 times per month).

National Confectioners Association

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Geosphere
New GEOSPHERE science online covers Himalaya, Colorado River, McMurdo Sound, and more
New Geosphere postings online on 7 and 16 May include additions to two special issues: CRevolution 2: Origin and Evolution of the Colorado River System II and The ANDRILL McMurdo Ice Shelf and Southern McMurdo Sound Drilling Projects. Other articles cover India-Asia collision; a Late Triassic snapshot in the US Southwest; the Alabama and western Georgia Blue Ridge; and the Jemez Mountains volcanic field.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Geology
New in GEOLOGY: Gems, Darwin, Mars, Hemp, Snowball Earth, a Siberian Impact Crater, and More
New Geology articles posted online ahead of print May 9 and 16, 2013 cover a wide swath of geoscience subdisciplines, including minerals exploration, archaeology, planetary geology, tectonics, oceanography, geophysics, and paleobotany. Locations studied include Siberia; the Sumatran subduction margin; the Monte Arsiccio mine at Alpi Apuane, Italy; Ukraine; Mars; and the Southeastern US Atlantic Margin.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Parasitic wasps use calcium pump to block fruit fly immunity
Parasitic wasps switch off the immune systems of fruit flies by draining calcium from the flies' blood cells, a finding that offers new insight into how pathogens break through a host's defenses. Researchers at Emory University who led the study say their findings have uncovered an important component of cellular immunity, one that parasites have learned to take advantage of.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Oncogene
Team finds mechanism linking key inflammatory marker to cancer
In a new study described in the journal Oncogene, researchers reveal how a key player in cell growth, immunity and the inflammatory response can be transformed into a primary contributor to tumor growth.

NIH/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Diabetologia
Study shows that women who smoke during pregnancy increase the risk of both obesity and gestational diabetes in their daughters
Women who smoke during pregnancy increase the risk of both obesity and gestational diabetes, in their daughters, concludes research published in Diabetologia, the journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes. The study is by Dr. Kristina Mattsson, Lund University, Sweden, and colleagues including Dr. Matthew Longnecker from the National Institute on Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health, North Carolina, USA.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
New test better detects elephantiasis worm infection
A new diagnostic test for a worm infection that can lead to severe enlargement of the legs and genitals is far more sensitive than the currently used test, according to results of a field study in Liberia, in West Africa, where the infection is endemic. The study was led by researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Protein study suggests drug side effects are inevitable
A new study of both computer-created and natural proteins suggests that the number of unique pockets -- sites where small molecule pharmaceutical compounds can bind to proteins -- is surprisingly small, meaning drug side effects may be impossible to avoid.

National Institutes of Health

Public Release: 20-May-2013
ER docs are key to reducing health care costs
Emergency physicians are key decisionmakers for nearly half of all hospital admissions, highlighting a critical role they can play in reducing health care costs, according to a new report from the RAND Corporation.

Emergency Medicine Action Fund

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
Mediterranean diet seems to boost ageing brain power
A Mediterranean diet with added extra virgin olive oil or mixed nuts seems to improve the brain power of older people better than advising them to follow a low-fat diet, indicates research published online in the Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

BMJ Open
The incidence of eating disorders is increasing in the UK
More people are being diagnosed with eating disorders every year and the most common type is not either of the two most well known -- bulimia or anorexia -- but eating disorders not otherwise specified (eating disorders that don't quite reach the threshold to be defined as anorexia or bulimia), shows a study published online in BMJ Open.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

BMJ Open
Bed sharing with parents increases risk of cot death fivefold
Bed sharing with parents is linked to a fivefold increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome, even when the parents are non-smokers and the mother has not been drinking alcohol and does not use illegal drugs, according to a large analysis published online in BMJ Open.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

Digestive Disease Week
Mayo Clinic: Inflammatory bowel disease raises risk of melanoma
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at higher risk of melanoma, a form of skin cancer, report researchers at Mayo Clinic.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
May research highlights from American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
These are AJTMH Top-line research highlights: 1) New Rapid Diagnostic Test for Worm Infection Provides Substantial Improvement Over Current Standard According to New African Field Study. 2. a) In a First for East Africa, Scientists Provide Detailed Evidence that Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) May Be Eliminated After 14 Years of Long-term Mass Drug Treatment. 2. b) Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) Could Make Comeback in Northwestern Uganda if Annual Drug Administrations to Fight Parasitic Disease Are Stopped, New Study Shows.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

BMJ Open
Bed sharing leads to fivefold increase in risk of cot death for babies whose parents do not smoke
Parents who share a bed with their breastfed baby could face a fivefold increase in the risk of cot death, even if the parents do not smoke, according to a new study. The research was led by the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and is published in BMJ Open.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

JAMA Pediatrics
Less sleep associated with increased risk of crashes for young drivers
A study by Alexandra L. C. Martiniuk, M.Sc, Ph.D., of The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia, and colleagues suggests less sleep per night is associated with a significant increase in the risk for motor vehicle crashes for young drivers.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

JAMA Internal Medicine
Association between in-hospital cardiac arrest survival rates, prevention of cardiac arrests
Hospitals with higher rates of survival among patients who experience in-hospital cardiac arrest also appear to have a lower incidence of in-hospital cardiac arrest, according to a study published Online First by JAMA Internal Medicine, a JAMA Network publication.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

JAMA Internal Medicine
2 radiotherapy treatments show similar morbidity, cancer control after prostatectomy
Use of the newer, more expensive intensity-modulated radiotherapy and use of the older conformal radiotherapy after surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland were associated with similar morbidity and cancer control outcomes, according to a study published Online First by JAMA Internal Medicine, a JAMA Network publication.

Public Release: 20-May-2013

JAMA Internal Medicine
Bronchodilators appear associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events
A study of older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suggests that new use of the long-acting bronchodilators β-agonists and anticholinergics was associated with similar increased risks of cardiovascular events, according to a study published Online First by JAMA Internal Medicine, a JAMA Network publication.


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