EurekAlert! Public News List

Showing releases 401-425 out of 455 releases.
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Public Release: 16-Nov-2009
Carnegie Mellon customizing electric cars for cost-effective urban commuting
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University's Robotics Institute have launched a new community-based approach to electric vehicle design, conversion and operations. The new research project, ChargeCar, will explore how electric vehicles can be customized for an individual's commuting needs and how an electric vehicle's efficiency can be boosted and its battery life extended by using artificial intelligence to manage power.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Palaeontology
Study pits man v. machine in piecing together 425-million-year-old jigsaw
Reconstructing ancient fossils from hundreds of thousands of jumbled up pieces can prove challenging.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Optical properties of the Antarctic system and new radiation information
The Antarctic system comprises of the continent itself, Antarctica, and the ocean surrounding it, the Southern Ocean. In a study for a doctoral degree by geophysicist Kai Rasmus, University of Helsinki, Finland, measurements were made during three Austral summers to study the optical properties of the Antarctic system and to produce radiation information for additional modeling studies.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Nature Immunology
Study shows link between influenza virus and fever
One feature of the "new influenza" is a sudden rise in temperature. Up to now it was not exactly understood how this reaction occurs. Scientists at the University of Bonn and the Technical University of Munich, Germany, have been able to shed light into the dark. They have identified a new signaling pathway via which certain viruses can trigger inflammatory reactions and fever. Their results have been published in the journal Nature Immunology.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Malaria Journal
Are sterile mosquitoes the answer to malaria elimination?
The Sterile Insect Technique, the release of sexually sterile male insects to wipe out a pest population, is one suggested solution to the problem of malaria in Africa. A new supplement, published in BioMed Central's open-access Malaria Journal, reviews the history of the technique, and features details about aspects of its application in the elimination of malaria.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Molecular Cell
How cells tolerate DNA damage -- start signal for cell survival program identified
Cancer researchers from the Max Delbrueck Center, Berlin, Germany, have gained new insights into how cells react to DNA damage. They have shown that the protein PARP-1, which detects DNA damage within seconds, activates the transcription factor NF-kappaB. NF-kappaB triggers a survival program, which blocks programmed cell death. The activation of NF-kappaB is thought to be one of the potential causes for tumor cell resistance to chemo and radiation therapy.

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, EU Community

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009
Slowing evolution to stop drug resistance
Infectious organisms that become resistant to antibiotics are a serious threat to human society. They are also a natural part of evolution. In a new project, researchers at the University of Gothenburg are attempting to find substances that can slow the pace of evolution, in order to ensure that the drugs of today remain effective into the future.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Cortex
Right-handed chimpanzees provide clues to the origin of human language
A new study suggests a link between chimpanzee gestures and the evolution of speech.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

International Journal of Clinical Practice
Major schizophrenia study finds striking similarities across 37 countries in 6 regions
An international study of schizophrenia has found striking similarities in symptoms, medication, employment and sexual problems, despite the fact that it covered a diverse range of patients and health care systems. It is estimated that schizophrenia will affect as many as one in every 250 people at some point in their lives.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Vaccine against chlamydia not far away
When a woman becomes infected with chlamydia, the first white blood cells that arrive at the scene to fight the infection are not the most effective. This is shown by a thesis from the Sahlgrenska Academy. This discovery could pave the way for the relatively rapid development of a vaccine against chlamydia.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

SC 09
UT's Kraken named world's third fastest computer, ORNL's Jaguar is No. 1
East Tennessee is now home to two of the world's three fastest computers, according to new rankings released today. The Top 500 list of the world's fastest supercomputers places University of Tennessee supercomputer Kraken in third place, where it also holds the title of world's fastest academic supercomputer, while Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Jaguar computer took first place overall.

National Science Foundation

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
La Jolla Institute finds previous seasonal flu infections may provide some level of H1N1 immunity
Researchers at the La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology have found that previous influenza infections may provide at least some level of immunity to the H1N1 "swine" flu.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

PLoS ONE
Bacterial 'ropes' tie down shifting Southwest
Researchers from Arizona State University have discovered that several species of microbes, at least one found prominently in the deserts of the Southwest, have evolved the trait of rope-building to lasso shifting soil substrates.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Journal of Clinical Investigation
UTMB researchers find inflammation critical in aortic dissection
UTMB researchers find biochemical processes that chip away at the aorta causing aortic dissection.

NIH/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, NIH/National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, James W. McLaughlin Fellowship Fund

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2009
Marker of oxidative stress predicts heart disease outcomes
Researchers have identified a substance in the blood that may be useful in predicting an individual's risk for heart disease. The substance is cystine, an oxidized form of the amino acid cysteine and an indirect measure of oxidative stress. In a study of more than 1,200 people undergoing cardiac imaging at Emory because of suspected heart disease, people with high levels of cystine in the blood were twice as likely to have a heart attack or die over the next few years.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Archives of Dermatology
Text message reminders can encourage healthy action
People who received daily text messages reminding them to apply sunscreen were nearly twice as likely to use it as those who did not receive such messages, a new study led by a UC Davis Health System dermatologist has found. Researchers hope their findings, which appear in the November issue of the Archives of Dermatology, will inspire other health-care providers to use text messaging to encourage healthy habits in their patients, such as taking prescribed medications properly.

Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women's Hospital

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Growth spurt in tree rings prompts questions about climate change
Researchers Matthew Salzer and Malcolm Hughes of the University of Arizona's Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research and their colleagues have analyzed tree-rings from bristlecone pine trees at the highest elevations, looking for the reasons behind an extraordinary surge in growth over the past 50 years. Their findings appear in the Nov. 16 early online edition of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

National Science Foundation

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009
Simple test could offer cheap solution to detecting landmines
Scientists have developed a simple, cheap, accurate test to find undetected landmines.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
HIV vaccine failure probably caused by virus used, says new research
The recent failure of an HIV vaccine was probably caused by the immune system reacting to the virus "shell" used to transmit the therapy around the body, according to research published today (Nov. 16, 2009) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The researchers behind the study say their findings mean scientists may have to rethink other vaccines they are developing for diseases like HIV, tuberculosis and malaria, which are delivered in the same way, using the same virus "shell."

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Addiction
First ever large-scale study of ketamine users published
The first ever large-scale, longitudinal study of ketamine users has been published online today in the journal Addiction. With Ketamine (K, Special K) use increasing faster than any other drug in the UK (British Crime Survey, 2008) this research showing the consequences of repeated ketamine use provides valuable information for users and addiction professionals alike.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Haemophilia
Research highlights need to address hemophilia in developing world
When modern medicine finds a way to treat a medical condition, people often think that the problem is solved. But we also have to find ways to get that treatment into the hands of those who need it. For example, new research shows that much more needs to be done to help get existing treatment to hemophilia patients in the developing world, and that the current lack of treatment there is costing lives.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Protecting the future: How plant stem cells guard against genetic damage
Scientists at the John Innes Centre in Norwich, UK, have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism that, if it detects damage to the DNA, causes the cell to "commit suicide" rather than pass on its defective DNA.

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, European Union

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery
Imaging techniques may help predict response to head and neck cancer treatment
A combination of imaging tests conducted six to eight weeks after patients complete chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer may help identify patients who will respond to treatment and those who will require surgical follow-up, according to a report in the November issue of Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery
Use of rib cartilage grafts in rhinoplasty results in patient satisfaction, few complications
Rib cartilage from human donors is well tolerated as a grafting material in nasal plastic surgery and yields positive functional, structural and cosmetic results, even in complex cases, according to a report in the November/December issue of Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, one of the JAMA/Archives journals.

Public Release: 16-Nov-2009

Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery
First near-total face and upper-jaw transplant appears successful
More than a year and a half following the first near-total face and upper jaw transplant, the donor tissue appears successfully integrated, according to a report in the November/December issue of Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, one of the JAMA/Archives journals. The recipient has experienced no long-term rejection, and has regained some functional abilities, including her senses of smell and taste.

Showing releases 401-425 out of 455 releases.
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