Graphical abstract (IMAGE)
Caption
Graphical abstract representing the research: base Z replaces base A in mRNA. The A-to-Z substitution leads to increased translation, decreased cytotoxicity and minimal immunogenicity compared to unmodified mRNA. Base Z-mRNA was used to create a COVID-19 vaccine, tested in mice.
Credit
The Grainger College of Engineering at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
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Original content