How to construct uniform interfaces to achieve high-voltage lithium metal batteries (IMAGE)
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Figure 1. Design strategy. (a) The corresponding Arrhenius behavior and apparent activation energy derived from RSEI in Nyquist plots at various temperatures of Li||Li symmetric cells with different electrolytes. All Li||Li cells were cycled for 10 rounds at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2 to establish a stable SEI. (b) Comparison of EaSEI values. (c) The corresponding Arrhenius behavior and apparent activation energy derived from RCEI in Nyquist plots at various temperatures of NCM||NCM symmetric cells with different electrolytes. Schematics of the interphases formed in PFE (d) and PAFE (e). (f) Flammability tests of BE and PAFE electrolytes. Protection mechanisms of the SEI and CEI formed in BE (g) and PAFE (h).
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