Friction-induced infiltration of aluminum into nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) cathode crystals (IMAGE)

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

Friction-induced infiltration of aluminum into nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) cathode crystals

Caption

Friction-induced infiltration of aluminum into nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) cathode crystals: During mechanical disassembly of spent LIBs in the recycling process, residual aluminum foil undergoes frictional contact and embeds into the NCM active material. This atomic-scale aluminum incorporation alters the crystal structure and suppresses the dissolution of critical metals (Ni, Co, Mn) across various extraction systems, including acid-based, ammonia-based, and deep eutectic solvents.

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HKUST

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