Gene-based safety evaluation of molybdenum-containing biomaterials for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. (IMAGE)

Chongqing Medical University

Gene-based safety evaluation of molybdenum-containing biomaterials for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Caption

Gene-based safety evaluation of molybdenum-containing biomaterials for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. (A) Conceptual diagram of serum molybdenum levels and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. (B) Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis framework and process flow linking serum molybdenum levels to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The model is predicated on these premises: i) instrumental variables (IVs) are associated with serum molybdenum levels; ii) they are unlinked to confounders; iii) any influence of the IVs on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular conditions occurs exclusively via serum molybdenum levels. (C) MR analysis results for the association between serum molybdenum levels and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. CI, confidence interval; IVW, inverse variance weighted; MR, Mendelian randomization; MR-PRESSO, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier; SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms; OR, odd ratio.

Credit

Genes & Diseases

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