Gut–Immune–Brain Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (IMAGE)

Pohang University of Science & Technology (POSTECH)

Gut–Immune–Brain Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Caption

This figure illustrates the impact of gut microbiota on the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Healthy microbiota regulate the glutamate/GABA metabolic balance, inducing an anti-inflammatory immune state and normal neural development. Conversely, dysbiosis leads to a glutamate-dominant metabolism and the activation of inflammatory microglia and brain-resident T cells, resulting in neuroinflammation and ASD-like behaviors. T cell depletion can block this pathogenic cascade. The probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri IMB015, developed in this study, restores neurotransmitter balance and suppresses ASD phenotypes.

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POSTECH

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