Novel fullerene derivatives enhance the interfacial stability of IPSCs. (IMAGE)
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(a) Synthetic route for the novel 56π-electron C60 derivatives C60-TFB and C60-TFP. Step 1: one-pot synthesis of a 1,4-unsymmetrical skeleton of C60 while incorporating fluorine atoms and pyridine groups. Step 2: site-selectively constructing a tetra-functionalized 56π-electron C60 skeleton and further introducing tert-butyl, ester, and 1H-pyrazole groups. (b) Single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure of an analogous compound with adamantine substituting the tert-butyl group of C60-TFB. (c) Intermolecular interactions of PCBM and C60-TFP dimers predicted by DFT calculations. (d, e) Schematic diagrams of (d) PCBM (easy-dimerization) and (e) C60-TFP films (anti-dimerization) on the perovskite layer.
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