Probability density distributions of the measured/expected area change. (IMAGE)
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Probability density distributions of the ratio between the measured and expected changes in the horizon area of the merged black hole. The results compare two post‑merger modelling approaches: the “pIMR” model, which uses the post‑merger portion of an inspiral‑merger‑ringdown waveform, and the “QNM” model, which represents the ringdown as a superposition of quasinormal modes of a perturbed Kerr black hole. The analysis also examines different ringdown start times t>, set at 4 or 6 times tMf (0.309 ms) after the reference strain peak. The grey‑shaded region indicates cases where the final horizon area is smaller than the sum of the initial two. The vertical dashed line at 1 corresponds to the prediction of general relativity.
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