Comparison of ML models based on NRMSE across time periods. (IMAGE)

Tsinghua University Press

Comparison of ML models based on NRMSE across time periods.

Caption

NRMSE-based comparison of five machine learning models (LR, SVR, RNN, Uni-LSTM, and Bi-LSTM) across the three COVID-19 periods. Bi-LSTM consistently delivers the best or nearly best performance in most periods, indicating its robustness under varying pandemic conditions.

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Communications in Transportation Research

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