Chronological schematic of 3 technical approaches for 2 categories of ECS measurement techniques. (IMAGE)

Beijing Institute of Technology Press Co., Ltd

Chronological schematic of 3 technical approaches for 2 categories of ECS measurement techniques.

Caption

Tracer-based methods are illustrated in (A), while the 2 technical approaches of label-free measurement methods are depicted in (B) and (C). (A) Diffusion parameters of the cerebral ECS were derived by solving the inverse problem of the advection–diffusion equation, encompassing primarily RTI-TMA+, IOI, SWCNTs, and TB-MRI. (B) Nanoscopy-based approaches, mainly including freeze substitution EM (FS-EM), high-pressure freezing EM (HPF-EM), and super-resolution shadow imaging (SUSHI). (C) Label-free methods are also termed noninvasive measurement techniques and primarily comprise NODDI, DTI-ALPS, and MDI.

Credit

Hongbin Han, Peking University Third Hospital.

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