Simultaneous removal of NH3-N and COD of a practical wastewater using the RuO2@PbO2-M electro-filtration system. (IMAGE)
Caption
(a) Illustration of a typical electrochemical membrane reactor (EMR) system for simultaneous denitrification and decarbonization of a practical hypersaline wastewater containing 503.5 mg·L−1 ammonia. Arrows indicate the direction of water flow. (b) Schematics of the RuO2@PbO2-M electro-filtration membrane reactor system. The system includes the pre-filtration (1st unit) and electro-filtration (2nd and 3th units) processes. (c) Photographs of the permeate of different units. (d) Applied voltage (left y-axis) and current (right y-axis) of the electro-filtration system for treating the practical wastewater. (e) EnC and ACE of the electro-filtration system. (f) Metal leaching in the first and second units of the membrane reactor. (g) COD of the permeate of the three electro-filtration stages (top layer left y-axis). TN concentration (bottom layer left y-axis) and NH3-N removal rates (bottom layer right y-axis) of the permeate of the three electro-filtration stages. The inset shows the photos of the RuO2@PbO2-M used in the three units of the membrane reactor. Ucell was used to denote the cell voltage, and I was used to represent the current.
Credit
Bin Zhao et al.
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CC BY-NC-ND