Figure 1| Nanophotonic generation, tomography, and reconstruction of a photonic anti-skyrmion state (IMAGE)
Caption
Figure 1 | Nanophotonic generation, tomography, and reconstruction of a photonic anti-skyrmion state. a. Decomposition of the vector field components into the component perpendicular to the plane (out of plane) and the in-plane components and SEM micrograph of the nanophotonic system - a nanopatterned gold layer evaporated on a glass substrate. The circular input coupler (A), which couple's photons of a given polarization to plasmons with a well-defined TAM, is milled through the entire gold layer. The annular out-coupler ring (B) is milled only through half of it, scattering the SPPs into photonic modes propagating towards the camera. b. Quantum state tomography of photonic free-space photons created from near-field qubits. The panels show the intensity of the projection of a heralded single photon on the four different polarizations, as recorded by an EMCCD camera. This action is performed for four different polarizations of the incident photon. The left column lists the 4 possibilities of the polarization of photons incident upon the nanophotonic system, while the top row lists the measured polarization. Left panel: Experimental results. Right panel: Fitting results (via mean squared error) for each intensity image to the state of the photon projected to ideal Bessel and Bessel-Hermite bases. c. Transformation between free space qudit density matrices. The 4X4 density matrix orienting from the TAM eigenstate J1 transformed into a 6X6 density matrix in the linear-polarization and HB modes Hilbert space, and The 4X4 density matrix orienting from the TAM superposition state J- , transformed into a 6X6 density matrix circular-polarization and Bessel-modes Hilbert space. d. Reconstructed and calculated Stokes representation c. Vector representation of the unit vector of the electric field (color coded for the value of its axial component red =1 and blue =-1), showing generation of anti-skyrmion with topological invariant of -2. Left: Reconstruction, and Right: Simulation. We obtain N=-1.911±0.236.
Credit
Guy Bartal et al.
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CC BY