Impacts, risk factors, and control strategies for African swine fever outbreaks in Nepal (IMAGE)
Caption
Between 2022 and 2025, Nepal recorded 48 ASF outbreaks resulting in 17,005 confirmed pig deaths (CFR: 92.91%), a 14.5% decline in pig population, a 9.8% reduction in pork output, and the first confirmed case in wild boar. Epidemiological evidence points to swill feeding, cross-border livestock trade, inadequate biosecurity, unhygienic slaughter practices, and monsoon-associated transmission dynamics as primary drivers of outbreak spread. To address these vulnerabilities, the study recommends a multi-pronged response encompassing strengthened veterinary services, enhanced surveillance, rigorous biosecurity enforcement, public awareness campaigns, and greater regional cooperation. Collectively, these findings underscore the need for a coordinated One Health strategy that bridges policy, epidemiological monitoring, and community engagement to safeguard livestock production, rural livelihoods, and public health.
Credit
Sameer Thakur, Kshitiz Shrestha, Ram Chandra Acharya, Parikshya Gurung, Surendra Karki.
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License
CC BY-NC-ND