Figure 1. Flowchart of the MediHerb model. (IMAGE)
Caption
Figure 1. Flowchart of the MediHerb model. (A) Input stage: multi-modal encoders represent the main ingredient of each herb using chemical, structural, physiological, and textual features; (B) Fusion stage: five modalities are integrated via attention and aggregated across herbs in a prescription; (C) Prediction stage: fused features are processed by transformer blocks and a sigmoid layer to produce disease probabilities, optimized with an asymmetric loss for imbalanced multi-label data. SMILES: Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System; Bi-LSTM: bidirectional long short-term memory; FC: fully connected; ECFP: extended connectivity fingerprint; MACCS: Molecular Access System; ERG: extended reduced graph; MHA: multi-head attention.
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© 2025 Xiaoyi Liu*,Fu Chen, Junnan Pan, Chengwei Ai, Fei Guo*, Jijun Tang*. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, for any purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.
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