Quark-like confinement of fractional orbital angular momentum modes (IMAGE)
Caption
Conceptual illustration of the real-space topological stabilization mechanism. An isolated fractional orbital angular momentum mode is intrinsically unstable. Through optical conformal mapping, unstable fractional wave elements are geometrically stitched into stable composite states. A two-sheet mapping forms a meson-like mode, analogous to a meson composed of two confined quarks, while a three-sheet mapping forms a baryon-like mode, analogous to a baryon composed of three confined quarks.
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©Science Bulletin
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