Characterization of the sintering process based on the apparent activation energy of DC conductance (IMAGE)

Tsinghua University Press

Characterization of the sintering process based on the apparent activation energy of DC conductance

Caption

The apparent activation energy (Ea) of DC conductance divides the sintering process into five stages: no significant change, densification, limited microstructural modification, DSB formation, and DSB modification. During heating and soaking, Ea decreases from approximately 1.5 eV to nearly zero as densification advances and free-carrier transport becomes dominant. During cooling, Ea rises to approximately 1.4 eV between 800 and 650°C while the grain-boundary resistance (Rgb) emerges and increases, indicating progressive DSB formation. A subsequent Ea peak between 600 and 500°C coincides with the β-to-α-Bi2O3 transition and the later modification of the barriers.

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics, Tsinghua University Press

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