Emerging biomedical imaging applications of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles for premetastatic niche detection: Biological rationale, engineering strategies, and translational challenges (IMAGE)
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Figure 6: Translational feasibility of the EV tracking-based premetastatic niche detection.
Tumor derived extracellular vesicles can be labelled or engineered using various multimodal contrast agents as illustrated in the schematic including radiolabelling (PET/CT) fluorescence labelling (FLI), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and bioluminescent labelling (IVIS). Feasibility scale: Low, predominantly restricted to preclinical investigation; Medium, translationally relevant but limited by substantial technical or regulatory barriers; High, comparatively most compatible with near-term clinical evaluation, although not yet clinically established for direct premetastatic niche imaging.
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Copyright: © 2026 Dhaygude et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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