Spillover (IMAGE)

Ecological Society of America

Spillover

Caption

Although a link between host diversity and parasite diversity is relatively well established, effect of host diversity on viral and bacterial pathogens (arrow 1) is not. Evidence does not support a link between overall pathogen diversity and that of actual or potential zoonotic pathogens (arrow 2). Some evidence supports correlations between diversity of zoonotic pathogens and the likelihood of zoonotic emergence (arrow 3), but with important caveats described in the text. From Figure 1 of Ostfeld and Keesing (2017) Ecosphere 10.1002/ecs2.1676

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Ecological Society of America

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