Spruce (IMAGE)
Caption
On the left is ROS distribution in spruce pollen tubes (confocal fluorescence microscopy). On the right are spruce male cones and the process of pollen collection in the lab (photos courtesy of senior staff scientist M. Breygina). The red dye shows superoxide-radical produced in mitochondria, and the green one -- hydrogen peroxide produced by NADPH-oxidase on the membrane, which causes it to form a gradient (accumulation) in the growing tip. The peroxide may be also seen in plastids (indicated by arrows) where it is formed as a result of energy reactions.
Credit
Maria Breygina
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