A spectrum of novel virulence activities. (IMAGE) American Phytopathological Society Caption Novel virulence activities can include adaptations that alter how pathogens interact with the host immune system (dark purple) or with host physiology and development (orange), the ability to multiply and spread within the host (light purple), how they disperse and are transmitted to other hosts (turquoise), their host range (including host expansions and host jumps, green), how they interact with the environment (blue), and how they interact with other pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms (red). Credit Soledad Sacristán, Erica M. Goss, and Sebastian Eves-van den Akker Usage Restrictions Credit must be given to the creator. Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted. No derivatives or adaptations of the work are permitted. License CC BY-NC-ND Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.