Anthrax Toxin Playing (IMAGE)

Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne

Anthrax Toxin Playing

Caption

This is a schematic representation of the long-term and long-distance Lethal Factor delivery modes. Anthrax LF is internalized via a dynamin dependent pathway and 34 delivered to early endosomes. There the toxin receptor complex is sorted into nascent ILVs. Anthrax PA forms a channel into the membrane of the ILV and translocates LF into the lumen. LF, encapsulated in the ILVs is transported in a microtubule dependent manner to later stages of the endocytic pathway. There, two fates are observed: LF is either delivered to the cytosol, presumably by back fusion, over periods of days or LF-containing ILVs are released into the extracellular medium as exosomes. These exosomes can be taken up by naïve recipient cell via an anthrax toxin receptor independent dynamin-dependent mechanism. LF is subsequently released into the cytosol of the recipient cell in a Tgs101 and Alix dependent manner (inspired from (Raposo and Stoorvogel, 2013)).

Credit

EPFL / Global Health Institute

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