Contraction (IMAGE) Kazan Federal University Caption Carbachol-evoked contractions of descending colon strips from patients with CC (A, B). Dose-response effects of carbachol on the amplitude of contraction of circular (Aa) and longitudinal (Ba) muscle strips in the control (white squares) and the CC groups (white circles). The amplitudes were normalized by the weight of specimens in each experiment. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01. Examples of contractions of circular (Ab) and longitudinal (Bb) muscle strips in the control and the CC groups in response to the application of carbachol (10 μM). Credit Kazan Federal University Usage Restrictions None License Licensed content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.