Purdue EPAM Process for 3D Printing (IMAGE) Purdue University Caption Purdue University researchers have combined 3D printing and electric poling into a single process called electric poling-assisted additive manufacturing, or EPAM. It aligns the dipoles in PVdf filament during the printing, which leads to a better indication of the stress being applied. (Purdue University image/Robert Nawrocki) Credit Purdue University image/Robert Nawrocki Usage Restrictions None License Original content Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.