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Showing releases 226-250 out of 862.

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
APL Materials
More power to you
Engineers from the University of Utah and the University of Minnesota have discovered that interfacing two particular oxide-based materials makes them highly conductive, a boon for future electronics that could result in much more power-efficient laptops, electric cars and home appliances that also don't need cumbersome power supplies.
Air Force Young Investigator Research Program, NSF/Materials Research Science, University of Utah

Contact: Vince Horiuchi
vincent.horiuchi@utah.edu
801-585-7499
University of Utah

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
Geophysical Research Letters
Exploring one of the largest salt flats in the world
A recent research report about one of the largest lithium brine and salt deposits in the world in Chile's Atacama Desert by geoscientists from UMass Amherst is the first to show that water and solutes flowing into the basin originate from a much larger than expected portion of the Andean Plateau. The massive evaporite deposit, 1,200 meters thick, appears to be draining an area far larger than a map-based or topographic watershed would suggest, says lead hydrologist David Boutt.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Janet Lathrop
jlathrop@umass.edu
413-545-0444
University of Massachusetts at Amherst

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
Energy & Environmental Science
Biological wizardry ferments carbon monoxide into biofuel
Cornell University biological engineers have deciphered the cellular strategy to make the biofuel ethanol, using an anaerobic microbe feeding on carbon monoxide -- a common industrial waste gas.
National Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Yossie Hollanderm, Foundation des Fondateurs

Contact: Melissa Osgood
mmo59@cornell.edu
607-255-2059
Cornell University

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
Count seals in Antarctica from the comfort of your couch
Scientists are asking the public to look through thousands of satellite images of Antarctica to assist in the first-ever, comprehensive count of Weddell seals. This count will help scientists better protect and conserve the pristine Ross Sea and wildlife in the area.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Rhonda Zurn
rzurn@umn.edu
612-626-7959
University of Minnesota

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
Biomaterials
Penn team uses nanoparticles to break up plaque and prevent cavities
The bacteria that live in dental plaque and contribute to tooth decay often resist traditional antimicrobial treatment, as they can 'hide' within a sticky biofilm matrix, a glue-like polymer scaffold. A new strategy conceived by University of Pennsylvania researchers took a more sophisticated approach.
International Association for Dental Research/GlaxoSmithKline Innovation in Oral Health Award, National Science Foundation

Contact: Katherine Unger Baillie
kbaillie@upenn.edu
215-898-9194
University of Pennsylvania

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
MSU to use $3.6 million NSF grant to unveil plants' gates and signaling secrets
Michigan State University has landed a $3.6 million National Science Foundation grant to learn more about how plants' molecular gates close and alert defenses for battling diseases.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Layne Cameron
layne.cameron@cabs.msu.edu
517-353-8819
Michigan State University

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
NSF grant funds research on evolution of social cooperation
Awarded a $696,634 National Science Foundation grant to study the evolution of cheating behaviors, University of Houston researchers will study amoebae to determine how organisms can work together as a community, even when only some individuals stand to benefit from this cooperation. The team will collect samples from more than 100 locations throughout the eastern US and look at their genetic makeup to understand how Dicty adapts to the presence of cheaters.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Lisa Merkl
lkmerkl@uh.edu
713-743-8192
University of Houston

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
Using virtual reality to help teenagers with autism learn how to drive
An interdisciplinary team of engineers and psychologists have developed a virtual reality driving simulator designed to help teenagers with autism spectrum disorder learn to drive, a key skill in allowing them to live independent and productive lives.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: David F. Salisbury
david.salisbury@vanderbilt.edu
615-343-6803
Vanderbilt University

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
Wireless@Virginia Tech to receive $2.5 million to advance new technologies
The National Science Foundation has awarded more than $2.5 million in research funding to Wireless@Virginia Tech, aligning with the recently announced White House initiative on advanced wireless research in efforts to provide faster wireless networks.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Lindsey Haugh
jangus@vt.edu
540-231-2476
Virginia Tech

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
Risk Analysis
How to sound the alarm
A group of risk experts is proposing a new framework and research agenda that they believe will support the most effective public warnings when a hurricane, wildfire, toxic chemical spill or any other environmental hazard threatens safety. Effective warnings are a growing need as expanding global populations confront a wide range of hazards.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Paul Gabrielsen
paul.gabrielsen@utah.edu
801-505-8253
University of Utah

Public Release: 26-Jul-2016
American Naturalist
Sexual rivalry may drive frog reproductive behaviors
Biologists have long thought that some frogs evolved to mate on land instead of in water to better guard eggs and tadpoles from predation. New research by a team of US and Brazilian biologists suggests that mating on land in many species might be a strategy male frogs use to ensure that their own DNA gets passed on, instead of their rivals'. Sexual selection may trump natural selection in the evolution of these reproductive behaviors.
National Science Foundation, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, São Paulo Research Foundation

Contact: Robert Sanders
rlsanders@berkeley.edu
510-643-6998
University of California - Berkeley

Public Release: 25-Jul-2016
Water Resources Research
Measure of age in soil nitrogen could help precision agriculture
What's good for crops is not always good for the environment. Nitrogen, a key nutrient for plants, can cause problems when it leaches into water supplies. University of Illinois engineers developed a model to calculate the age of nitrogen in corn and soybean fields, which could lead to improved fertilizer application techniques to promote crop growth while reducing leaching.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Liz Ahlberg Touchstone
eahlberg@illinois.edu
217-244-1073
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Public Release: 25-Jul-2016
IEEE Electron Device Letters
Chemical etching method helps transistors stand tall
University of Illinois researchers have developed a way to etch very tall, narrow finFETs, a type of transistor that forms a tall semiconductor 'fin' for the current to travel over.
National Science Foundation, International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research, Lam Research

Contact: Liz Ahlberg Touchstone
eahlberg@illinois.edu
217-244-1073
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Public Release: 25-Jul-2016
Nature Communications
Enhancing molecular imaging with light
A new technology platform from Northwestern University is able to image molecules at the nanoscale with super-resolution.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation

Contact: Megan Fellman
fellman@northwestern.edu
847-491-3115
Northwestern University

Public Release: 25-Jul-2016
Nature
DNA analyses reveal genetic identities of world's first farmers
Conducting the first large-scale, genome-wide analyses of ancient human remains from the Near East, an international team led by Harvard Medical School has illuminated the genetic identities and population dynamics of the world's first farmers.
National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, European Research Council

Contact: Ekaterina Pesheva
ekaterina_pesheva@hms.harvard.edu
617-432-0441
Harvard Medical School

Public Release: 25-Jul-2016
How to build a new brand of engineer
The National Science Foundation is providing $2 million to support the creation of a new curriculum model to prepare a diverse range of students to become adaptive engineers ready to solve 21st century problems.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Susan Bland
subland@vt.edu
540-231-1986
Virginia Tech

Public Release: 25-Jul-2016
Nature Energy
New lithium-oxygen battery greatly improves energy efficiency, longevity
A new kind of lithium-oxygen battery developed at MIT, using glass nanoparticles of lithium oxides, could provide more energy, and much better stability and energy efficiency
National Science Foundation, US Department of Energy

Contact: Karl-Lydie Jean-Baptiste
kjeanbap@mit.edu
617-253-1682
Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Public Release: 25-Jul-2016
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
New theory explains how beta waves arise in the brain
In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, a team led by Brown University neuroscientists proposes a new theory -- backed by data from people, animal models and computational simulation -- to explain how beta waves emerge in the brain.
National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health

Contact: David Orenstein
david_orenstein@brown.edu
401-863-1862
Brown University

Public Release: 25-Jul-2016
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Before animals, evolution waited eons to inhale
Time to smash the beaker when thinking about oxygen concentrations in water, at the time when animal life first evolved. Oceans stacked O2 here and deplete it there, as this novel model demonstrates. It may well toss a wrench into the way we have dated the evolution of the earliest animals.
National Science Foundation, NASA/Astrobiology Institute

Contact: Ben Brumfield
ben.brumfield@comm.gatech.edu
404-660-1408
Georgia Institute of Technology

Public Release: 23-Jul-2016
UA organic semiconductor research could boost electronics
A team of UA researchers in engineering and chemistry has received $590,000 from the National Science Foundation to enhance the effectiveness of organic semiconductors for making ultrathin and flexible optoelectronics like OLED displays for TVs and mobile phones.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Jill Goetz
jgoetz@email.arizona.edu
520-621-1992
University of Arizona College of Engineering

Public Release: 22-Jul-2016
After the quake -- data can help predict consequences of the next event
Seismology geophysicist Steve Roecker is using a network of broadband seismometers to learn more about the complex overlap between tectonic plates that causes an 8.3 magnitude earthquake near Illapel, Chile in 2015.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Mary Martialay
martim12@rpi.edu
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Public Release: 21-Jul-2016
PLOS Genetics
Penn study models how the immune system might evolve to conquer HIV
In a new paper in PLOS Genetics, University of Pennsylvania professor Joshua Plotkin, along with postdoctoral researcher Jakub Otwinowski and Princeton University research scholar Armita Nourmohammad, mathematically modeled the coevolutionary processes that describe how antibodies and viruses interact and adapt to one another over the course of a chronic infection, such as HIV/AIDS.
National Science Foundation, James S. McDonnell Foundation, David and Lucile Packard Foundation, US Army Research Office, US Department of Interior

Contact: Katherine Unger Baillie
kbaillie@upenn.edu
215-898-9194
University of Pennsylvania

Public Release: 21-Jul-2016
Scientific Reports
Trees' surprising role in the boreal water cycle quantified
This is the first study to show that deciduous tree water uptake of snowmelt water represents a large but overlooked aspect of the water balance in boreal watersheds. For the boreal forest of Alaska and Western Canada, this equates to about 17-20 billion cubic meters of water per year. That is roughly equivalent to 8-10 percent of the Yukon River's annual discharge.
US Geological Survey, National Science Foundation, US Department of Energy, Alaska Climate Science Center

Contact: Kristin Timm
kmtimm@alaska.edu
907-474-7064
University of Alaska Fairbanks

Public Release: 21-Jul-2016
Behavioral Ecology
Temperature helps drive the emergence of different personalities in spiders
Not a single aggressive spider was able to reproduce at 93 degrees Fahrenheit and most of them died at that temperature. But when Ingley and his team added docile spiders to the mix, the aggressive spiders thrived in that diverse community at that temperature.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Thania Benios
tgb2103@gmail.com
917-930-5988
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Public Release: 21-Jul-2016
Physical Review D
New detector at South Pole shows early success at neutrino hunting
The Askaryan Radio Array team recently published a performance review of the first two stations to come online, showing great potential for the detector to push forward understanding of the cosmos once it's fully operational.
National Science Foundation

Contact: Brendan M. Lynch
brendan@ku.edu
785-864-8855
University of Kansas

Showing releases 226-250 out of 862.