College Park, Maryland--October 12, 1999--Here is supplementary material on the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics:
THE NEW LAUREATES:
1. Gerardus 't Hooft, University of Utrecht, Netherlands
2. Martinus J.G. Veltman, retired at Bilthoven, Netherlands
SUBJECT AREA:
They helped to explain fundamental interactions among elementary particles.
Especially they helped to cement the electroweak theory (which itself represents
the coming together of the electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces into a single
theory) with the strong nuclear force in a theoretical framework we now call the
standard model.
WEBSITES:
1. Swedish Academy and citation:
http://www.nobel.se/announcement-99/physics99.html
2. University of Utrecht physics dept.: http://www1.phys.uu.nl/home_eng.htm
3. Chart of particles and forces
http://www.particleadventure.org/english/chart_frame.html
SOME EXPERTS IN THIS RESEARCH AREA:
1. Steven Weinberg, Texas, 512-471-4394
2. Sheldon Glashow, Harvard, 617-495-2904
3. Howard Georgi, Harvard, 617-495-3908
4. Chris Quigg, Fermilab, 630-840-3578
5. Edward Witten, Inst. for Advanced Study, 609-734-8000
6. Helen Quinn, Stanford, 415-926-2713
7. Michael Peskin, Stanford, 650-926-3250
8. Gordon Kane, Michigan, 734-764-4451
9. Alan Guth, MIT, 617-253-6265
SOME BACKGROUND ARTICLES ON THE SUBJECT:
1. 't Hooft, Scientific American, June 1980, excellent review of gauge theory
2. Veltman, Sci. Amer, Nov '86, Higgs Bosons
3. Quigg, Sci. Amer, Apr '85, standard model
4. Sci Amer, June '86, supersymmetry
5. Sci Amer, Sep '86, superstrings
6. Sci Amer, Feb 98, superstrings
7. Physics Today, Aug '88, superstrings
8. Sci Amer, June '96, dual models
9. Physics Today, Apr '96, Witten
10. Sci Amer, Dec '97, zero-point energy
11. Sci Amer, Aug '88, search for top quark