Scientists know that alcohol increases the risk of several cancers, including those of the oral cavity, oesophagus, and liver. But previous studies looking at the relation between alcohol consumption and NHL have been inconsistent. Over the past few decades the incidence of NHL has risen worldwide, and in developed countries NHL is the sixth most common cancer in men and eighth most common in women.
Lindsay Morton (National Institutes of Health, Maryland, USA) and colleagues did a pooled analysis combining original data from nine studies from the USA, UK, Sweden, and Italy, involving 15,000 individuals (6,500 people with NHL and 8,600 healthy individuals). The researchers found that the risk of NHL was about 27% lower for current drinkers than for non-drinkers, but the risk did not change with increasing alcohol consumption. The risk also did not change with the age individuals began drinking, total lifetime consumption, or beverage type. The risk did vary by NHL subtype, with the lowest risk recorded for Burkitt's lymphoma. Compared with non-drinkers, ever drinkers had about half the risk of developing Burkitt's lymphoma. Age, sex, family history of NHL, or history of cigarette smoking did not modify the effect of alcohol consumption on risk of NHL or NHL subtypes.
Dr Morton and colleagues state: "Our pooled analysis of alcohol consumption and NHL risk suggests that people who drink alcoholic beverages have a lower risk of NHL than those who do not. This relation does not seem to depend on the type of alcoholic beverage consumed, but might vary by NHL subtype. Future research to confirm these findings by use of prospective data, and to determine the likely biological mechanism, is warranted."
Contact: Dr Lindsay Morton, Hormonal and Reproductive Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute, NIH, DHHS, 6120 Executive Blvd, EPS/7055, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. T) +1 301 435 3972 mortonli@mail.nih.gov
Journal
The Lancet Oncology