The survey polled approximately 1,000 people living in Greater Cincinnati. "Previous research has focused on African American attitudes toward choosing a same-race or different-race doctor, and how their personal experiences of unfair treatment from whites leads to preferences toward an African American doctor," Malat explains. "Now, we're comparing attitudes of both African Americans and whites, as we ask if they believe a doctor of a different race would understand their health problems."
The researchers found that for whites, their general racial attitudes toward people of other races affected how they felt about receiving treatment from a doctor of another race. The more negative their attitudes, the more they preferred seeing a doctor of the same race. Malat adds that racial attitude toward other race groups was not a factor for African Americans consulting with a health care professional. Instead, their perception of, first, white apathy or hostility against African Americans and second, poor past medical care due to race, made them more likely to prefer a same-race doctor.
The study suggests that future surveys consider general experiences as well as experiences within the health care system in measuring how race affects patients' decisions about health care.
Jennifer Malat, David Purcell, a doctoral student in the UC Department of Sociology, and Michelle van Ryn, Department of Family Medicine and Community Health and Division of Epidemiology at the University of Minnesota all contributed to the study, which was supported by a grant from the Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality and the Charles P. Taft Memorial Fund at the University of Cincinnati.