News Release

Seabird ammonia emissions contribute to atmospheric acidity

Nesting behavior study reveals effects of biodiversity loss and climate change

Peer-Reviewed Publication

Elsevier

Amsterdam, September 23, 2008 – Ammonia emissions from seabirds have been shown to be a significant source of nitrogen in remote coastal ecosystems, contributing to nutrient enrichment (eutrophication) and acidification in ecosystems. While most ammonia emissions originate from domesticated animals such as poultry and pigs, seabirds are the most significant emitters of ammonia to the atmosphere in remote regions.

A recent study, "Temporal variation in atmospheric ammonia concentrations above seabird colonies", published in Atmospheric Environment, has shown how emissions may vary between seabird species, with a higher proportion of ammonia volatilized from bare ground nesting birds compared to burrow nesters. Seabird populations are fluctuating, with some species increasing as others undergo dramatic declines. This has a significant effect on seabird-mediated marine to terrestrial nutrient flow—and atmospheric acidification.

Lead author, Dr.Trevor Blackall believes that the "results presented in this paper will help scientists to predict the likely changing contributions of seabirds to atmospheric emissions of ammonia." According to Dr Blackall, "the findings will help further understanding of the effects of biodiversity loss and climate change on ecosystem function."

According to Chief Editor Peter Brimblecombe, this study is "fascinating in the context that birds excrete uric acid unlike mammals, where excreted urea is readily converted to ammonia. Ammonia is the only major alkaline gas in the atmosphere and has a major effect on atmospheric acidity. This work uncovers a potentially large biological source of ammonia."

"The results should be of interest not only to scientists, but to the wider public, in particular people with ornithological interests," emphasized Elsevier publisher Friso Veenstra, "And climate change is of concern to us all."

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Notes to editors:

T.D. Blackall, L.J. Wilson, J. Bull, M.R. Theobald, P.J. Bacon, K.C. Hamer, S. Wanless and M.A. Sutton, Temporal variation in atmospheric ammonia concentrations above seabird colonies, 2008, Atmospheric Environment, published by Elsevier, In press (available on-line 16 July, 2008).

To receive a copy of the article, please contact the press office at newsroom@elsevier.com

About Atmospheric Environment

Atmospheric Environment covers air pollution research and its applications. Papers present novel results based on experiments, theory and modelling of the atmosphere extending from the scale of buildings and streets to the globe. The main aim of Atmospheric Environment is to provide a scientific understanding of the consequences of natural and human-induced perturbations of the earth's atmosphere. Areas covered include air pollution research and its applications, air quality and its effects, dispersion and transport, deposition, biospheric- atmospheric exchange, atmospheric chemistry and induced changes in radiation and climate. Atmospheric Environment publishes original research and review articles, special issues and supplements, and New Directions columns.

About Elsevier

Elsevier is a world-leading publisher of scientific, technical and medical information products and services. Working in partnership with the global science and health communities, Elsevier's 7,000 employees in over 70 offices worldwide publish more than 2,000 journals and 1,900 new books per year, in addition to offering a suite of innovative electronic products, such as ScienceDirect (http://www.sciencedirect.com), MD Consult (http://www.mdconsult.com), Scopus (http://www.info.scopus.com), bibliographic databases, and online reference works.

Elsevier (http://www.elsevier.com) is a global business headquartered in Amsterdam, The Netherlands and has offices worldwide. Elsevier is part of Reed Elsevier Group plc (http://www.reedelsevier.com), a world-leading publisher and information provider. Operating in the science and medical, legal, education and business-to-business sectors, Reed Elsevier provides high-quality and flexible information solutions to users, with increasing emphasis on the Internet as a means of delivery. Reed Elsevier's ticker symbols are REN (Euronext Amsterdam), REL (London Stock Exchange), RUK and ENL (New York Stock Exchange).


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