ROSEMONT, Ill. (Feb.6, 2017) -- Many patients live with low back pain that radiates to the buttock, groin, thigh, and even knees. The challenge for patients, and often their doctors, is determining the origin of the pain -- the hip, the spine, or both. A new article published in the February Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (JAAOS) outlines the identical symptoms associated with hip and spine pain and discusses the diagnostic steps and tests required to treat them appropriately.
Typically, groin pain, and/or difficulty putting on shoes or getting in and out of a car, are associated with a hip condition. Buttock or back pain, with or without a tingling sensation, most likely originates in the spine. However, patients with complex "hip-spine syndrome" have lower back and hip pain with no clear source of the discomfort. Hip arthritis, for example, can increase pressure on the lower back.
"In these instances, similar or overlapping symptoms may delay a correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment," said article author Afshin Razi, MD, an orthopaedic surgeon and clinical assistant professor at NYU Langone Hospital for Joint Diseases.
The article recommends that patients provide a detailed health history and undergo a comprehensive physical examination that includes an assessment of gait (how the patient walks); hip and back range of motion; posture; pelvic, lower limb, and spinal alignment; loss of muscle (atrophy); previous surgical scars; and limb-length discrepancy.
"Plain and advanced imaging studies and diagnostic injections also can be used to further delineate the primary problem and guide the appropriate sequence of treatment," said Dr. Razi.
Diagnoses for hip and spine pain can include hip osteoarthritis, a stress fracture, osteonecrosis of the hip (a blockage in blood flow to the hip), a labral tear (damage to the cartilage that surrounds the hip), disc herniation and possible pinched nerves, stenosis (narrowed spinal canal causing nerve pain), sacroiliac joint dysfunction, and other less common sources of pain.
"Focusing on both the spine and the hip as potential causes of pain and disability may reduce the likelihood of misdiagnosis, and the management of conditions affecting the spine and/or hip may help reduce the likelihood of persistent symptoms," said Dr. Razi.
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Disclosures
Study author Ryan Miyamoto, MD, or an immediate family member serves as a paid consultant to or is an employee of CONMED Linvatec and has stock or stock options held in Tomier. Rakesh D. Patel, MD, or an immediate family member is a member of a speaker's bureau or has made paid presentations on behalf of Stryker Spine, and serves as a paid consultant to or is an employee of Globus Medical and Stryker. James Slover, MS, MD, or an immediate family member has received research or institutional support from Zimmer Biomet and DJO Global. Afshin Razi, MD, or an immediate family member serves as a board member, owner, office or committee member of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, the American Orthopaedic Association, and the Brooklyn Orthopaedic Society. Neither Aaron J. Buckland, MD, nor any immediate family member has received anything of value from or has stock or stock options held in a commercial company or institution related directly or indirectly to the subject of this article.
Journal
Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons